Almanac - January 19
Janis Joplin 1943-1970
Events
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- 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to Augustus, and gives him power over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire.
- 1419 – Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England completing his reconquest of Normandy.
- 1511 – Mirandola surrenders to the French.
- 1520 – Sten Sture the Younger, the Regent of Sweden, is mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund.
- 1607 – San Agustin Church in Manila is officially completed; it is the oldest church still standing in the Philippines.
- 1661 – Thomas Venner is hanged, drawn and quartered in London.
- 1764 – John Wilkes is expelled from the British House of Commons for seditious libel.
- 1788 – The second group of ships of the First Fleet arrives at Botany Bay.
- 1795 – The Batavian Republic is proclaimed in the Netherlands bringing to an end the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
- 1806 – The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope.
- 1812 – Peninsular War: After a ten day siege, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, orders British soldiers of the Light and third divisions to storm Ciudad Rodrigo.
- 1817 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crosses the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.
- 1829 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust Part 1 receives its premiere performance.
- 1839 – The British East India Company captures Aden.
- 1840 – Captain Charles Wilkes circumnavigates Antarctica, claiming what became known as Wilkes Land for the United States.
- 1853 – Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore receives its premiere performance in Rome.
- 1861 – American Civil War: Georgia joins South Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, and Alabama in seceding from the United States.
- 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Mill Springs – The Confederacy suffers its first significant defeat in the conflict.
- 1871 – Franco-Prussian War: In the Siege of Paris, Prussia wins the Battle of St. Quentin. Meanwhile, the French attempt to break the siege in the Battle of Buzenval will end unsuccessfully the following day.
- 1883 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires, built by Thomas Edison, begins service at Roselle, New Jersey.
- 1893 – Henrik Ibsen's play The Master Builder receives its premiere performance in Berlin.
- 1899 – Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.
- 1915 – Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
- 1915 – World War I: German zeppelins bomb the towns of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom killing more than 20, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.
- 1917 – Silvertown explosion: 73 are killed and 400 injured in an explosion in a munitions plant in London.
- 1920 – The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
- 1935 – Coopers Inc. sells the world's first briefs.
- 1937 – Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles, California to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes, 25 seconds.
- 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces invade Burma
- 1945 – World War II: Soviet forces liberate the Lódz ghetto. Out more than 200,000 inhabitants in 1940, less than 900 had survived the Nazi occupation.
- 1946 – General Douglas MacArthur establishes the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo to try Japanese war criminals.
- 1949 – Cuba recognizes Israel.
- 1953 – 68% of all television sets in the United States are tuned in to I Love Lucy to watch Lucy give birth.
- 1960 – Japan and the United States sign the US-Japan Mutual Security Treaty
- 1969 – Student Jan Palach dies after setting himself on fire 3 days earlier in Prague's Wenceslas Square to protest the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union in 1968. His funeral turned into another major protest.
- 1975 – An earthquake strikes Himachal Pradesh, India
- 1977 – President Gerald Ford pardons Iva Toguri D'Aquino (a.k.a. "Tokyo Rose").
- 1977 – Snow falls in Miami, Florida. This is the only time in the history of the city that snow has fallen. It also fell in the Bahamas.
- 1978 – The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant in Emden. Beetle production in Latin America would continue until 2003.
- 1981 – Iran Hostage Crisis: United States and Iranian officials sign an agreement to release 52 American hostages after 14 months of captivity.
- 1983 – Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie is arrested in Bolivia.
- 1983 – The Apple Lisa, the first commercial personal computer from Apple Inc. to have a graphical user interface and a computer mouse, is announced.
- 1986 – The first computer virus released into the wild is a boot sector virus dubbed (c)Brain, created by the Farooq Alvi Brothers in Lahore, Pakistan, reportedly to deter piracy of the software they had written.
- 1991 – Gulf War: Iraq fires a second Scud missile into Israel, causing 15 injuries.
- 1993 – Czech Republic and Slovakia join the United Nations.
- 1996 – The barge North Cape oil spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat Scandia ashore on Moonstone Beach in South Kingstown, Rhode Island.
- 1997 – Yasser Arafat returns to Hebron after more than 30 years and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled West Bank city.
- 1999 – British Aerospace agrees to acquire the defence subsidiary of the General Electric Company plc, forming BAE Systems in November 1999.
- 2006 – A Slovak Air Force Antonov An-24 crashes in Hungary.
- 2006 – The New Horizons probe is launched by NASA on the first mission to Pluto.
- 2007 – Turkish Journalist Hrant Dink is assassinated in front of his newspaper's office by 17 year old Turkish ultranationalist Ogün Samast.
Births
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- 399 – Pulcheria, Byzantine empress (d. 453)
- 1544 – King Francis II of France (d. 1560)
- 1736 – James Watt, Scottish inventor (d. 1819)
- 1739 – Joseph Bonomi the Elder, Italian architect (d. 1808)
- 1752 – James Morris III, American army officer (d. 1820)
- 1757 – Augusta Reuss-Ebersdorf, German Princess (d. 1831)
- 1798 – Auguste Comte, French philosopher (d. 1857)
- 1807 – Robert E. Lee, American Confederate general (d. 1870)
- 1808 – Lysander Spooner, American philosopher (d. 1887)
- 1809 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer and poet (d. 1849)
- 1813 – Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898)
- 1832 – Ferdinand Laub, Czech violinist (d. 1875)
- 1833 – Alfred Clebsch, German mathematician (d. 1872)
- 1839 – Paul Cézanne, French painter (d. 1906)
- 1848 – John F. Stairs, Canadian businessman (d. 1904)
- 1848 – Matthew Webb, English swimmer/diver (d. 1883)
- 1851 – Jacobus Kapteyn, Dutch astronomer (d. 1922)
- 1863 – Werner Sombart, German sociologist (d. 1941)
- 1871 – Dame Gruev, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1906)
- 1874 – Hitachiyama Taniemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 19th Yokozuna (d. 1922)
- 1876 – Wakashima Gonshiro, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 21st Yokozuna (d. 1943)
- 1876 – Dragotin Kette, Slovenian poet (d. 1899)
- 1878 – Herbert Chapman, English football player and manager (d. 1934)
- 1879 – Boris Savinkov, Russian writer (d. 1925)
- 1887 – Alexander Woollcott, American intellectual (d. 1943)
- 1889 – Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Swiss painter and sculptor (d. 1943)
- 1892 – Ólafur Thors, Icelandic politician (d. 1964)
- 1893 – Magda Tagliaferro, Brazilian classical pianist (d. 1986)
- 1905 – Stanley Hawes, British-born Australian film producer, director and administrator (d. 1991)
- 1908 – Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh, Russian mathematician (d. 1971)
- 1909 – Hans Hotter, German bass-baritone (d. 2003)
- 1911 – Choor Singh, Singaporean judge (d. 2009)
- 1912 – Leonid Kantorovich, Russian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
- 1913 – Rex Ingamells, Australian poet (d. 1955)
- 1914 – Bob Gerard, British racing driver (d. 1990)
- 1917 – John Raitt, American singer and actor (d. 2005)
- 1918 – John H. Johnson, American publisher (d. 2005)
- 1920 – Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Peruvian United Nations Secretary General
- 1921 – Patricia Highsmith, American author (d. 1995)
- 1922 – Guy Madison, American actor (d. 1996)
- 1923 – Jean Stapleton, American actress
- 1923 – Markus Wolf, German spy (d. 2006)
- 1924 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor (d. 1985)
- 1924 – Jean-François Revel, French author (d. 2006)
- 1925 – Nina Bawden, English author
- 1926 – Fritz Weaver, American actor
- 1930 – Tippi Hedren, American actress
- 1931 – Robert MacNeil, Canadian journalist
- 1932 – Richard Lester, British director
- 1932 – Russ Hamilton, British singer (d. 2008)
- 1933 – George Coyne, American theologian
- 1934 – Lloyd Robertson, Canadian journalist
- 1935 – Soumitra Chatterjee, Indian actor
- 1935 – Johnny O'Keefe, Australian singer (d. 1978)
- 1936 – Ziaur Rahman, Seventh President of Bangladesh (d. 1981)
- 1937 – John Lions, Australian computer scientist (d. 1998)
- 1937 – Giovanna Marini, Italian singer-songwriter
- 1939 – Phil Everly, American musician
- 1940 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian magistrate (d. 1992)
- 1940 – Mike Reid, English comedian (d. 2007)
- 1941 – Tony Anholt, British actor (d. 2002)
- 1941 – Colin Gunton, British theologian (d. 2003)
- 1941 – Pat Patterson, Canadian wrestler
- 1942 – Michael Crawford, British singer and actor
- 1942 – Thom Mayne, American Architect
- 1943 – Petchara Chaowarat, Thai film actress
- 1943 – Janis Joplin, American singer (d. 1970)
- 1943 – Princess Margriet of the Netherlands
- 1944 – Shelley Fabares, American actress
- 1944 – Laurie London, English singer
- 1944 – Peter Lynch, American investor
- 1944 – Dan Reeves, American football coach
- 1945 – Trevor Williams, English Bass Guitarist
- 1946 – Julian Barnes, English author
- 1946 – Dolly Parton, American singer and actress
- 1947 – Ann Compton, American news reporter
- 1947 – Paula Deen, American chef and restaurateur
- 1947 – Rod Evans, British musician (Deep Purple)
- 1948 – Frank McKenna, Canadian politician
- 1949 – Robert Palmer, English singer and guitarist (d. 2003)
- 1949 – Dennis Taylor, Northern Irish snooker player
- 1950 – Sébastien Dhavernas, Canadian actor
- 1950 – Grant Nordman, Canadian politician
- 1953 – Desi Arnaz, Jr., American actor
- 1953 – Linda Hayden, English actress
- 1953 – Richard Legendre, Canadian politician
- 1954 – Katey Sagal, American actress
- 1954 – Cindy Sherman, American photographer
- 1954 – Katharina Thalbach, German actress and film director
- 1955 – Simon Rattle, English conductor
- 1955 – Paul Rodriguez, Mexican/American actor and comedian
- 1956 – Carman Licciardello, American singer
- 1957 – Ottis Anderson, former American football player
- 1957 – Kenneth McClintock, Puerto Rican politician
- 1959 – Jeff Pilson, American bass guitarist
- 1961 – William Ragsdale, American actor
- 1962 – Hans Daams, Dutch cyclist
- 1962 – Jeff Van Gundy, American basketball coach
- 1962 – Chris Sabo, American baseball player
- 1963 – Michael Adams, American basketball player
- 1963 – Martin Bashir, Pakistani-born reporter
- 1963 – Caron Wheeler, British singer (Soul II Soul)
- 1964 – Janine Antoni, Bahamian artist
- 1964 – Ricardo Arjona, Guatemalan singer
- 1966 – Floris Jan Bovelander, Dutch field hockey player
- 1966 – Sylvain Côté, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 – Stefan Edberg, Swedish tennis player
- 1966 – Lena Philipsson, Swedish singer
- 1967 – Javier Cámara, Spanish actor
- 1968 – Whitfield Crane, American musician (Ugly Kid Joe)
- 1969 – Edwidge Danticat, Haitian/American author
- 1969 – Luc Longley, Australian basketball player
- 1969 – Predrag Mijatovic, Yugoslavian footballer
- 1969 – Junior Seau, American football player
- 1969 – Casey Sherman, American author
- 1969 – Steve Staunton, Irish footballer
- 1970 – Kathleen Smet, Belgian triathlete
- 1970 – Udo Suzuki, Japanese comedian
- 1971 – Shawn Wayans, American actor
- 1971 – John Wozniak, American singer and songwriter (Marcy Playground)
- 1972 – Angham, Egyptian singer, record producer and actress
- 1972 – Joana Benedek, Mexican actress
- 1972 – Jon Fisher, American entrepreneur
- 1972 – Princess Kalina of Bulgaria
- 1972 – Elena Kaliská, Slovak slalom canoer
- 1972 – Ron Killings, American professional wrestler
- 1972 – Drea de Matteo, American actress
- 1972 – Troy Wilson, Australian racing driver and AFL player
- 1973 – Antero Manninen, Finnish cellist
- 1973 – Yevgeny Sadovyi, Russian swimmer
- 1973 – Aaron Yonda, YouTube celebrity
- 1974 – Frank Caliendo, American comedian
- 1974 – Ian Laperrière, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1974 – Jaime Moreno, Bolivian footballer
- 1975 – Noah Georgeson, American musician
- 1976 – Natale Gonnella, Italian footballer
- 1976 – Tarso Marques, Brazilian racing driver
- 1977 – Benjamin Ayres, Canadian actor
- 1977 – Lauren Etame Mayer, Cameroonian footballer
- 1977 – Nicole, Chilean singer
- 1977 – Cocco, Japanese singer
- 1979 – Svetlana Khorkina, Russian gymnast
- 1979 – Josu Sarriegi, Spanish/Basque footballer
- 1979 – Wiley, English rapper
- 1980 – Jenson Button, English Formula One driver
- 1980 – Kotoko, Japanese singer
- 1980 – Luke Macfarlane, Canadian actor
- 1981 – Kerby Raymundo, Filipino basketball player
- 1981 – Asier Del Horno, Spanish footballer
- 1981 – Lucho González, Argentine footballer
- 1981 – Dimosthenis Manousakis, Greek footballer
- 1981 – Bitsie Tulloch, American actress
- 1982 – Angela Chang, Taiwanese singer and actress
- 1982 – Mike Komisarek, American ice hockey player
- 1982 – Jodie Sweetin, American actress
- 1983 – Hikaru Utada, American/Japanese singer and songwriter
- 1984 – Fabio Catacchini, Italian footballer
- 1984 – Karun Chandhok, Indian racing driver
- 1984 – Jimmy Kebe, Malian footballer
- 1984 – Thomas Vanek, Austrian ice hockey player
- 1985 – Jake Allen, American football player
- 1985 – Benny Feilhaber, American soccer player
- 1985 – Esteban Guerrieri, Argentine racing driver
- 1985 – Rika Ishikawa, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
- 1986 – Claudio Marchisio, Italian footballer
- 1986 – Loren Galler-Rabinowitz, American ice dancer
- 1987 – Edgar Manucharyan, Armenian footballer
- 1987 – Angus Monfries, Australian league footballer
- 1988 – JaVale McGee, American Basketball Player
- 1991 – Erin Sanders, American actress
- 1992 – Logan Lerman, American actor
- 1992 – Shawn Johnson, American gymnast
- 1992 – Mac Miller, American rapper
- 1993 – Gus Lewis, English actor
Deaths
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- 639 – Dagobert I, King of the Franks (b. c. 603)
- 1526 – Isabella of Burgundy, wife of Christian II of Denmark (b. 1501)
- 1547 – Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, English poet (b. 1517)
- 1576 – Hans Sachs, German Meistersinger (b. 1494)
- 1661 – Thomas Venner, Fifth Monarchist (executed) (b. 1599)
- 1729 – William Congreve, English playwright (b. 1670)
- 1757 – Thomas Ruddiman, Scottish classical scholar (b. 1674)
- 1766 – Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, Italian-born French architect and painter (b. 1695)
- 1785 – Jonathan Toup, English classical scholar and critic (b. 1713)
- 1833 – Louis Joseph Ferdinand Herold, French composer (b. 1791)
- 1847 – Charles Bent, New Mexico pioneer (assassinated) (b. 1799)
- 1851 – Esteban Echeverría, Argentine writer (b. 1805)
- 1865 – Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French philosopher and anarchist (b. 1809)
- 1869 – Carl Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (b. 1788)
- 1874 – August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben, German poet (b. 1798)
- 1878 – Henri Victor Regnault French physicist and chemist (b. 1810)
- 1905 – Debendranath Tagore, Indian philosopher (b. 1817)
- 1906 – Bartolomé Mitre, Argentine historian and politician, president of the country (b. 1821)
- 1915 – Thomas Herbst, German painter (b. 1848)
- 1925 – Queen Maria Sophia of Two Sicilies (b.1841)
- 1927 – Charlotte of Belgium (b. 1840)
- 1929 – Liang Qichao, Chinese scholar (b. 1873)
- 1939 – Branislav Nušic, Serbian novelist, playwright, satirist, essayist and journalist (b. 1864)
- 1939 – Cliff Heathcote, American baseball player (b. 1898)
- 1948 – Tony Garnier, French architect (b. 1869)
- 1954 – Theodor Kaluza, German mathematician and physicist (b. 1885)
- 1957 – József Dudás, Romanian/Hungarian resistance fighter (b. 1912)
- 1964 – Firmin Lambot, Belgian cyclist (b. 1886)
- 1965 – Arnold Luhaäär, Estonian weightlifter and Olympic medalist (b. 1905)
- 1968 – Ray Harroun, American race car driver (b. 1879)
- 1969 – Jan Palach, Czech student and political activist (suicide) (b. 1948)
- 1971 – Harry Shields, American musician (b. 1899)
- 1972 – Michael Rabin, American violinist (b. 1936)
- 1973 – Max Adrian, Northern Irish actor (b. 1903)
- 1975 – Thomas Hart Benton, American painter (b. 1889)
- 1976 – Hidetsugu Yagi, Japanese electrical engineer (b. 1886)
- 1980 – William O. Douglas, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1898)
- 1982 – Elis Regina, Brazilian singer (b. 1945)
- 1983 – Ham the Chimp, First hominid launched into outer space (b. 1956)
- 1984 – Max Bentley, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920)
- 1987 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist (b. 1927)
- 1990 – Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh, Indian religious leader (b. 1931)
- 1990 – Semprini, English musician (b. 1908)
- 1990 – Herbert Wehner, German politician (b. 1906)
- 1991 – Marcel Chaput, French-Canadian politician (b. 1918)
- 1991 – John Russell, American actor (b. 1921)
- 1995 – Gene MacLellan, Canadian composer and singer (b. 1938)
- 1996 – Don Simpson, American film producer (b. 1943)
- 1997 – Adriana Caselotti, American actress (b. 1916)
- 1997 – James Dickey, American writer (b. 1923)
- 1998 – Carl Perkins, American guitarist (b. 1932)
- 1999 – Ivan Francescato, Italian rugby union footballer (b. 1967)
- 2000 – Bettino Craxi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1934)
- 2000 – Hedy Lamarr, Austrian-born actress and inventor (b. 1913)
- 2001 – Dario Vittori, Argentine actor (b. 1921)
- 2003 – Françoise Giroud, French writer and journalist (b. 1916)
- 2004 – Harry E. Claiborne, American judge (suicide) (b. 1917)
- 2004 – David Hookes, Australian cricketer and coach (b. 1955)
- 2005 – Bill Andersen, New Zealand communist and trade union leader (b. 1924)
- 2005 – K. Sello Duiker, South African novelist (b. 1974)
- 2005 – Anita Kulcsár, Hungarian handball player (b. 1976)
- 2006 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (b. 1928)
- 2006 – Wilson Pickett, American singer (b. 1941)
- 2006 – Aoun Al-Sharif Qasim, Sudanese writer and Islamic scholar (b. 1933)
- 2006 – Geoff Rabone, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1921)
- 2007 – Scott "Bam Bam" Bigelow, American professional wrestler (b. 1961)
- 2007 – Hrant Dink, Turkish-Armenian newspaper editor (b. 1954)
- 2007 – Denny Doherty, Canadian singer (The Mamas & the Papas) (b. 1940)
- 2007 – Murat Nasyrov, Russian singer and composer (b. 1969)
- 2008 – Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (b. 1937)
- 2008 – John Stewart, American musician (The Kingston Trio) (b. 1939)
- 2008 – Don Wittman, Canadian sportscaster for CBC (b. 1936)
- 2010 – Jennifer Lyon, American reality television personality (Survivor) (b. 1972)
- 2010 – Bill McLaren, Scottish rugby commentator (b. 1923)
- 2011 – Ernest McCulloch, Canadian stem cell research pioneer (b. 1926)
Holidays and observances
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