today.nukz.net: Almanac

Clark Gable 1901-1960

Events

1327 – Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer.
1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn, Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights (Prussia).
1662 – The Chinese general Koxinga seizes the island of Taiwan after a nine-month siege.
1709 – Alexander Selkirk is rescued after being shipwrecked on a desert island, inspiring the book Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe.
1713 – The Kalabalik or Tumult in Bendery results from the Ottoman sultan's order that his unwelcome guest, King Charles XII of Sweden, be seized.
1790 – In New York City, the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time.
1793 – French Revolutionary Wars: France declares war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
1796 – The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark to York.
1814 – Mayon Volcano, in the Philippines, erupts, killing around 1,200 people, the most devastating eruption of the volcano.
1835 – Slavery is abolished in Mauritius.
1861 – American Civil War: Texas secedes from the United States.
1865 – President Abraham Lincoln signs the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
1876 – A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Pennsylvanian Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.
1884 – The first volume (A to Ant) of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
1893 – Thomas A. Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio, the Black Maria in West Orange, New Jersey.
1897 – Shinhan Bank, the oldest bank in South Korea, opens in Seoul.
1908 – King Carlos I of Portugal and his son, Prince Luis Filipe are killed in Terreiro do Paco, Lisbon.
1918 – Russia adopts the Gregorian Calendar.
1920 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police begins operations.
1924 – The United Kingdom recognizes the USSR.
1942 – World War II: Josef Terboven, Reichskommissar of German-occupied Norway, appoints Vidkun Quisling the Minister President of the National Government.
1942 – World War II: U.S. Navy conducts Marshalls-Gilberts raids, the first offensive action by the United States against Japanese forces in the Pacific Theater.
1942 – Voice of America, the official external radio and television service of the United States federal government, begins broadcasting with programs aimed at areas controlled by the Axis powers.
1946 – Trygve Lie of Norway is picked to be the first United Nations Secretary General.
1957 – Felix Wankel's first working prototype DKM 54 of the Wankel engine runs at the NSU research and development department Versuchsabteilung TX in Germany
1958 – Egypt and Syria merge to form the United Arab Republic, which lasted until 1961.
1960 – Four black students stage the first of the Greensboro sit-ins at a lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina.
1965 – The Hamilton River in Labrador, Canada is renamed the Churchill River in honour of Winston Churchill.
1968 – Vietnam War: The execution of Viet Cong officer Nguyen Van Lem by South Vietnamese National Police Chief Nguyen Ngoc Loan is videotaped and photographed by Eddie Adams. This image helped build opposition to the Vietnam War.
1968 – Canada's three military services, the Royal Canadian Navy, the Canadian Army and the Royal Canadian Air Force, are unified into the Canadian Forces.
1968 – The New York Central Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad are merged to form the ill-fated Penn Central Transportation.
1972 – Kuala Lumpur becomes a city by a royal charter granted by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
1974 – A fire in the 25-story Joelma Building in Sao Paulo, Brazil kills 189 and injures 293.
1974 – Kuala Lumpur is declared a Federal Territory.
1978 – Director Roman Polanski skips bail and flees the United States to France after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl.
1979 – Convicted bank robber Patty Hearst is released from prison after her sentence is commuted by President Jimmy Carter.
1979 – The Ayatollah Khomeini is welcomed back to Tehran, Iran after nearly 15 years of exile.
1982 – Senegal and the Gambia form a loose confederation known as Senegambia.
1989 – The Western Australian towns of Kalgoorlie and Boulder amalgamate to form the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder.
1991 – A runway collision between USAir Flight 1493 and SkyWest Flight 5569 at Los Angeles International Airport results in the death of 34 persons, and the injury of 30 others.
1992 – The Chief Judicial Magistrate of Bhopal court declares Warren Anderson, ex-CEO of Union Carbide, a fugitive under Indian law for failing to appear in the Bhopal Disaster case.
1993 – Gary Bettman becomes the NHL's first commissioner
1996 – The Communications Decency Act is passed by the U.S. Congress.
1998 – Rear Admiral Lillian E. Fishburne became the first female African American to be promoted to rear admiral.
2003 – Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrates during reentry into the Earth's atmosphere, killing all seven astronauts aboard.
2004 – 251 people are trampled to death and 244 injured in a stampede at the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia.
2004 – Janet Jackson's breast is exposed during the half-time show of Super Bowl XXXVIII, resulting in US broadcasters adopting a stronger adherence to Federal Communications Commission censorship guidelines.
2005 – King Gyanendra of Nepal carries out a coup d'état to capture the democracy, becoming Chairman of the Councils of ministers.
2009 – Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir is chosen the first female Prime Minister of Iceland, becoming the first openly gay head of government in the modern world.

Births

1261 – Walter de Stapledon, English bishop (d. 1326)
1459 – Conrad Celtes, German scholar (d. 1508)
1462 – Johannes Trithemius, German cryptographer (d. 1516)
1552 – Edward Coke, English jurist and Member of Parliament (d. 1634)
1635 – Marquard Gude, German archaeologist (d. 1689)
1659 – Jacob Roggeveen, Dutch explorer (d. 1729)
1663 – Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo, Filipino foundress of the Religious of the Virgin Mary (d. 1748)
1687 – Johann Adam Birkenstock, German composer and violinist (d. 1733)
1690 – Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (d. 1768)
1701 – Johan Agrell, late German/Swedish baroque composer (d. 1765)
1710 – Konrad Ernst Ackermann, German actor (d. 1771)
1761 – Christian Hendrik Persoon, South African mycologist (d. 1836)
1763 – Thomas Campbell, Irish theologian (d. 1854)
1764 – George Duff, Royal Navy Captain, killed in action at the Battle of Trafalgar (d.1805)
1796 – Abraham Emanuel Fröhlich, Swiss poet (d. 1865)
1801 – Émile Littré, French lexicographer (d. 1881)
1820 – George Hendric Houghton, American Protestant Episcopal clergyman (d. 1897)
1841 – William Davenport, American magician (d. 1877)
1844 – G. Stanley Hall, American psychologist (d. 1924)
1851 – Durham Stevens, American diplomat (d. 1908)
1859 – Victor Herbert, Irish composer (d. 1924)
1872 – Jerome F. Donovan, American politician (d. 1949)
1872 – Andrew Kehoe, American mass murderer (d. 1927)
1873 – Joseph Allard, Canadian fiddler (d. 1947)
1873 – John Barry, Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross (d. 1901)
1874 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian writer (d. 1929)
1878 – Milan Hodža, Slovak politician (d. 1944)
1882 – Louis Stephen St. Laurent, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1973)
1884 – Bradbury Robinson, who threw the first forward pass in American football history in 1906 (d. 1949)
1884 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian writer (d. 1937)
1887 – Charles Nordhoff, English-born author (d. 1947)
1894 – John Ford, American director and producer (d. 1973)
1894 – James P. Johnson, American composer (d. 1955)
1895 – Conn Smythe, Canadian builder of the National Hockey League (d. 1980)
1897 – Denise Robins, (aka Francesca Wright, Ashley French, Harriet Gray, Julia Kane) British romance novelist (d. 1985)
1898 – Leila Denmark, American pediatrician and medical researcher who co-developed the pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine and supercentenarian.
1901 – Frank Buckles, last surviving American veteran of World War I (d. 2011)
1901 – Clark Gable, American actor (d. 1960)
1902 – Therese Brandl, Nazi concentration camp guard (d. 1947)
1902 – Langston Hughes African-American poet and author (d. 1967)
1904 – S. J. Perelman, American humorist (d. 1979)
1905 – Emilio G. Segrè, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1989)
1906 – Adetokunbo Ademola, Nigerian Chief Justice (d. 1993)
1906 – Hildegarde, American actress and singer (d. 2005)
1907 – Günter Eich, German lyricist (d. 1972)
1907 – Camargo Guarnieri, Brazilian composer (d. 1993)
1908 – George Pal, Hungarian-born director and producer (d. 1980)
1908 – Louis Rasminsky, Canadian economist, governor of the Bank of Canada (d. 1998)
1909 – George Beverly Shea, Canadian singer
1910 – Ngapoi Ngawang Jigme, Tibetan politician (d. 2009)
1915 – Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d. 2000)
1917 – A. K. Hangal, Indian Character Actor
1917 – Eiji Sawamura, Japanese baseball player (d. 1944)
1918 – Muriel Spark, Scottish author (d. 2006)
1921 – Patricia Robins (alias Claire Lorrimer), British writer
1921 – Peter Sallis, English actor
1921 – Renata Tebaldi, Italian soprano (d. 2004)
1924 – Richard Hooker, American writer (d. 1997)
1924 – Ben Weider, Canadian businessman and author (d. 2008)
1926 – Shane Devine, United States Federal Judge (d. 1999)
1928 – Tom Lantos, American politician (d. 2008)
1928 – Stuart Whitman, American actor
1930 – Shahabuddin Ahmed, former President of Bangladesh
1930 – Mario Beaulieu, Canadian politician (d. 1998)
1930 – Hossain Mohammad Ershad, Bangladeshi politician
1931 – Iajuddin Ahmed, former President of Bangladesh
1931 – Boris Yeltsin, 1st President of the Russian Federation (d. 2007)
1932 – Jan Ramberg, Swedish law professor, and arbitration court judge
1934 – Bob Shane, American folk singer (The Kingston Trio)
1936 – Azie Taylor Morton, American civil servant, and 35th Treasurer of the United States (d. 2003)
1937 – Antonis Christeas, Greek basketball player (d. 2011)
1937 – Don Everly, American musician (Everly Brothers)
1937 – Garrett Morris, American comedian
1937 – Ray Sawyer, American singer (Dr. Hook & the Medicine Show)
1938 – Sherman Hemsley, American comedian and actor
1938 – Niculiţă Secrieriu, Romanian painter (d. 2002)
1939 – Fritjof Capra, Austrian physicist
1939 – Claude François, French singer (d. 1978)
1939 – Paul Gillmor, American politician (d. 2007)
1939 – Del McCoury, American bluegrass musician
1939 – Joe Sample, American jazz pianist
1940 – Bibi Besch, Austrian-American actress (d. 1996)
1940 – Hervé Filion, Canadian harness racer
1941 – Karl Dall, German television host
1941 – Jerry Spinelli, children's author
1942 – Terry Jones, Welsh actor and writer
1942 – Muna Wassef, Syrian/Arab actress and United Nations Goodwill ambassador
1944 – Mike Enzi, American politician, senior senator from Wyoming
1944 – Dick Snyder, American basketball player
1944 – Burkhard Ziese, German football manager (d. 2010)
1945 – Serge Joyal, Canadian politician
1946 – Chris Clark, Motown Soul singer
1946 – Elisabeth Sladen, English Actress (d. 2011)
1946 – Gerhard Welz, German footballer
1947 – Mike Brant, Israeli pop singer (d. 1975)
1947 – Normie Rowe, Australian singer
1947 – Jessica Savitch, American journalist (d. 1983)
1948 – Rick James, American musician and composer (d. 2004)
1950 – Mike Campbell, American guitarist and producer
1951 – Sonny Landreth, American guitarist and songwriter
1952 – Jenő Jandó, Hungarian pianist
1953 – Brendan Batson, English former footballer
1954 – Chuck Dukowski, American musician (Black Flag)
1954 – Bill Mumy, American actor and musician
1955 – Ernie Camacho, baseball player
1956 – Brahmanandam, Indian film actor
1956 – Exene Cervenka, American musician
1956 – Mike Kitchen, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1957 – Renae Jacobs, American voice actress
1958 – Luther Blissett, English footballer
1958 – Ryo Horikawa, Japanese voice actor
1958 – Jackie Shroff, Indian actor
1961 – Volker Fried, German field hockey player
1961 – Daniel Tani, NASA astronaut
1962 – José Luis Cuciuffo, Argentinian footballer (d. 2004)
1962 – Tomoyasu Hotei, Japanese guitarist
1963 – Takashi Murakami, Japanese artist
1964 – Jani Lane American musician, songwriter (d. 2011)
1964 – Mario Pelchat, Canadian singer
1964 – Linus Roache, English actor
1965 – Sherilyn Fenn, American actress
1965 – Brandon Lee, American actor (d. 1993)
1965 – Princess Stéphanie of Monaco
1966 – Michelle Akers, American soccer player
1966 – Vasilis Dimitriadis, Greek footballer
1966 – Rob Lee, English footballer
1967 – Meg Cabot, American author
1967 – Patle Shishupal Natthu, Indian politician
1968 – Kent Mercker, American baseball player
1968 – Lisa Marie Presley, American singer and actress
1968 – Mark Recchi, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Pauly Shore, American comedian
1969 – Gabriel Batistuta, Argentine footballer
1969 – Brian Krause, American actor
1969 – Joshua Redman, American musician
1969 – Patrick Wilson, American musician (Weezer)
1970 – Yasuyuki Kazama, Japanese racing driver
1970 – Malik Sealy, American basketball player (d. 2000)
1971 – Harald Martin Brattbakk, Norwegian footballer
1971 – Michael C. Hall, American actor
1971 – Ajay Jadeja, Former Indian cricketer
1971 – Jill Kelly, American porn actress
1971 – Hynden Walch, American actress
1971 – Ron Welty, American musician
1971 – Zlatko Zahovič, Slovenian footballer
1972 – Yoshi DeHerrera, American TV personality
1972 – Kami (musician), drummer of Japanese visual kei band Malice Mizer (d. 1999)
1973 – Andrew DeClercq, American basketball player
1973 – Yuri Landman, Experimental musical instrument builder, musician and comic book artist
1973 – Makiko Ohmoto, Japanese voice actress
1974 – Walter McCarty, American basketball player
1974 – David Meca, Spanish long distance swimmer
1975 – Big Boi, American musician (Outkast)
1975 – Katerina Thanou, Greek sprinter
1976 – Phil Ivey, American poker player
1977 – Kevin Kilbane, Irish footballer
1977 – Robert Traylor, American basketball player (d. 2011)
1978 – Domenick Davies, Welsh-born German rugby player
1978 – Tim Harding, Australian singer (Hi-5)
1979 – Julie Augustyniak, American soccer player
1979 – Valentín Elizalde, Mexican singer (d. 2006)
1979 – Rachelle LeFevre, Canadian actress
1979 – Juan Silveira dos Santos, Brazilian footballer
1980 – Héctor Luna, Dominican Republic baseball player
1980 – Moisés Muñoz, Mexican footballer
1980 – Otilino Tenorio, Ecuadorian footballer (d. 2005)
1981 – Rob Austin, British racing driver
1981 – Luis Lamá, Angolan footballer
1981 – Graeme Smith, South African cricketer
1982 – Gavin Henson, Welsh rugby player
1982 – Shoaib Malik, Pakistani cricketer
1983 – Kevin Martin, American basketball player
1983 – Jurgen Van Den Broeck, Belgian cyclist
1983 – Andrew VanWyngarden, musician (MGMT)
1984 – Darren Fletcher, Scottish footballer
1984 – Lee Thompson Young, American actor
1985 – Jodi Gordon, Australian actress and model
1985 – Rachael Scdoris, American dog musher
1985 – Karine Sergerie, Canadian Taekwondo world champion
1985 – Dean Shiels, Northern Irish footballer
1986 – Lauren Conrad, American reality TV personality
1987 – Wu Jingyu, Chinese taekwondo practitioner
1987 – Heather Morris, American actress and dancer
1987 – Giuseppe Rossi, Italian footballer
1987 – Montario Hardesty, American football player
1988 – Mark Healey, British computer games developer
1988 – Brett Anderson, American baseball player
1989 – Ricky Pinheiro, Portuguese footballer
1990 – Laura Marling, English singer-songwriter
1991 – Luca Caldirola, Italian footballer

Deaths

1248 – Henry II, Duke of Brabant (b. 1207)
1328 – King Charles IV of France (b. 1294)
1542 – Girolamo Aleandro, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1480)
1563 – Menas, Emperor of Ethiopia (died of fever) (b. 1559)
1590 – Lawrence Humphrey,English clergyman and educator
1673 – Elizabeth Fones, English-born colonial American pioneer (b. 1610)
1691 – Pope Alexander VIII (b. 1610)
1718 – Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, English politician (b. 1660)
1733 – King Augustus II of Poland (b. 1670)
1734 – John Floyer, English physician and writer (b. 1649)
1743 – Giuseppe Ottavio Pitoni, Italian composer (b. 1657)
1761 – Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, French historian (b. 1682)
1768 – Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet, British cavalry officer (b. 1685)
1793 – William Wildman Shute Barrington, British statesman (b. 1717)
1832 – Archibald Murphey, North Carolina politician (b. 1777)
1850 – Edward Baker Lincoln, son of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln (b. 1846)
1851 – Mary Shelley, English author (b. 1797)
1893 – George Henry Sanderson, Mayor of San Francisco (b. 1824)
1897 – Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist (b. 1826)
1903 – George Gabriel Stokes, Irish physicist (b. 1819)
1908 – King Carlos I of Portugal (b. 1863)
1922 – William Desmond Taylor, American silent film actor and director; his murder remains unsolved. (b. 1872)
1928 – Hughie Jennings, American baseball player and manager (b. 1869)
1936 – Georgios Kondylis, general of the Greek army and Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1878)
1940 – Philip Francis Nowlan, science fiction writer, creator of Buck Rogers character (b. 1888)
1944 – Piet Mondriaan, Dutch painter (b. 1872)
1945 – Prince Kiril of Bulgaria, prince of Bulgaria (b. 1895)
1949 – Herbert Stothart, American composer, song writer (b. 1885)
1954 – Yvonne de Bray, French actress (b. 1889)
1957 – Friedrich Paulus, German general (b. 1890)
1958 – Clinton Davisson, American physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1888)
1959 – Madame Sul-Te-Wan, American actress (b. 1873)
1963 – Fleetwood Lindley, the last living person to see Abraham Lincoln's face (b. 1888)
1966 – Hedda Hopper, American film actress and gossip columnist (b. 1885)
1966 – Buster Keaton, American actor (b. 1895)
1968 – Jacob van der Hoeden, Dutch-Israeli veterinary scientist (b. 1891)
1970 – Alfréd Rényi, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1921)
1976 – Werner Heisenberg, German physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1901)
1976 – George Whipple, American scientist, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1878)
1979 – Abdi İpekçi, Turkish journalist (b. 1929)
1980 – Gastone Nencini, Italian cyclist (b. 1930)
1981 – Donald Wills Douglas, Sr., American aircraft manufacturer (b. 1892)
1981 – Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (b. 1908)
1986 – Alva Myrdal, Swedish politician, diplomat, and writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1902)
1987 – Alessandro Blasetti, Italian film director (b. 1900)
1988 – Heather O'Rourke, American actress (b. 1975)
1989 – Elaine de Kooning, American artist (b. 1918)
1991 – Carol Dempster, American actress (b. 1901)
1991 – Phil Watson, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1914)
1992 – Jean Hamburger, French physician, surgeon and essayist (b. 1909)
1995 – Richey James Edwards, lyricist and rhythm guitarist of Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers (presumed dead) (b. 1967)
1997 – Herb Caen, American newspaper columnist (b. 1916)
1999 – Paul Mellon, American philanthropist (b. 1907)
2001 – André D'Allemagne, Quebec teacher, political observer and essayist (b. 1929)
2002 – Hildegard Knef, German actress, singer, and writer (b. 1925)
2003 – Crew of the STS-107 Mission (Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
- Michael P. Anderson (b. 1959)
- David Brown (b. 1956)
- Kalpana Chawla (b. 1961)
- Laurel Clark (b. 1961)
- Rick D. Husband (b. 1957)
- Willie McCool (b. 1961)
- Ilan Ramon (b. 1954)
2003 – Mongo Santamaria, Cuban percussionist and band leader (b. 1922)
2004 – May O'Donnell, American modern dancer and choreographer (b. 1909)
2005 – John Vernon, Canadian actor (b. 1932)
2006 – Dick Bass, American football player (b. 1937)
2006 – Bryce Harland, New Zealand diplomat (b. 1931)
2007 – Whitney Balliett, American jazz critic (b. 1926)
2007 – Ray Berres, American baseball player (b. 1907)
2007 – Ahmad Abu Laban, Danish Muslim leader (b. 1946)
2007 – Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-born composer (b. 1911)
2007 – Seri Wangnaitham, Thai dance choreographer (b. 1937)
2008 – Beto Carrero, Brazilian theme park owner and entertainer (b. 1937)
2010 – Justin Mentell, American artist and actor (b. 1982)