Almanac March 22 :: Marcel Marceau

Marcel Marceau (22 March 1923 – 22 September 2007) French actor and mime

Events

• 238 – Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman Emperors.
• 1621 – The Pilgrims of Plymouth Colony sign a peace treaty with Massasoit of the Wampanoags.
• 1622 – Jamestown massacre: Algonquian Indians kill 347 English settlers around Jamestown, Virginia, a third of the colony's population.
• 1630 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables.
• 1638 – Anne Hutchinson is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent.
• 1739 – Nadir Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne.
• 1765 – The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act that introduces a tax to be levied directly on its American colonies.
• 1784 – The Emerald Buddha is moved with great ceremony to its current location in Wat Phra Kaew, Thailand.
• 1829 – The three protecting powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) establish the borders of Greece.
• 1849 – The Austrians defeat the Piedmontese at the Battle of Novara.
• 1871 – In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
• 1873 – A law is approved by the Spanish National Assembly in Puerto Rico to abolish slavery.
• 1888 – In England, The Football League, the world's oldest professional Association Football league, is founded.
• 1894 – The first playoff game for the Stanley Cup starts.
• 1906 – First Anglo-French rugby union match at Parc des Princes in Paris
• 1916 – The last Emperor of China, Yuan Shikai, abdicates the throne and the Republic of China is restored.
• 1920 – Azeri and Turkish army soldiers with participation of Kurdish gangs attacked the Armenian inhabitants of Shushi (Nagorno Karabakh).
• 1923 – The first radio broadcast of ice hockey is made by Foster Hewitt.
• 1939 – World War II: Germany takes Memel from Lithuania.
• 1942 – World War II: In the Mediterranean Sea, the Royal Navy confronts Italy's Regia Marina in the Second Battle of Sirte.
• 1943 – World War II: the entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by German occupation forces.
• 1945 – The Arab League is founded when a charter is adopted in Cairo, Egypt.
• 1954 – Closed since 1939, the London bullion market reopens.
• 1960 – Arthur Leonard Schawlow and Charles Hard Townes receive the first patent for a laser
• 1972 – The United States Congress sends the Equal Rights Amendment to the states for ratification.
• 1972 – Eisenstadt v. Baird decision by the United States Supreme Court allows unmarried persons the right to contraceptives
• 1975 – A fire at the Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant in Decatur, Alabama causes a dangerous reduction in cooling water levels.
• 1978 – Karl Wallenda of The Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
• 1982 – NASA's Space Shuttle Columbia, is launched from the Kennedy Space Center on its third mission, STS-3.
• 1984 – Teachers at the McMartin preschool in Manhattan Beach, California are charged with satanic ritual abuse of the children in the school. The charges are later dropped as completely unfounded.
• 1989 – Clint Malarchuk of the Buffalo Sabres suffers a near-fatal injury when another player accidentally slits his throat.
• 1992 – USAir Flight 405 crashes shortly after liftoff from New York City's LaGuardia Airport, leading to a number of studies into the effect that ice has on aircraft.
• 1993 – The Intel Corporation ships the first Pentium chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ MIPS, and a 64 bit data path.
• 1995 – Cosmonaut Valeriy Polyakov returns to earth after setting a record of 438 days in space.
• 1997 – Tara Lipinski, age 14 years and 10 months, becomes the youngest champion women's World Figure Skating Champion.
• 1997 – The Comet Hale-Bopp has its closest approach to Earth.
• 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, co-founder and leader of the Palestinian Sunni Islamist group Hamas, two bodyguards, and nine civilian bystanders are killed in the Gaza Strip when hit by Israeli Air Force AH-64 Apache fired Hellfire missiles.
• 2006 – ETA, the armed Basque separatist group, declares a permanent ceasefire.
• 2006 – Three Christian Peacemaker Team hostages are freed by British forces in Baghdad after 118 days of captivity and the death of their colleague, American Tom Fox.
• 2009 – Mount Redoubt, a volcano in Alaska begins erupting after a prolonged period of unrest.

Births

• 841 – Bernard Plantapilosa, Count of Auvergne (d. 885)
• 875 – William I, Duke of Aquitaine (d. 918)
• 1212 – Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan (d. 1235)
• 1366 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (d. 1399)
• 1459 – Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1519)
• 1503 – Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Italian writer (d. 1583)
• 1599 – Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter (d. 1641)
• 1609 – King John II Casimir of Poland (d. 1672)
• 1663 – August Hermann Francke, German Protestant minister (d. 1727)
• 1712 – Edward Moore, English writer (d. 1757)
• 1720 – Nicolas-Henri Jardin, French architect (d. 1799)
• 1723 – Charles Carroll, American statesman (d. 1783)
• 1759 – Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, Queen of Sweden and Norway (d. 1818)
• 1797 – William I, German Emperor (d. 1888)
• 1808 – David Swinson Maynard, American frontiersman and physician (d. 1873)
• 1812 – Stephen Pearl Andrews, American abolitionist (d. 1886)
• 1817 – Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (d. 1876)
• 1818 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English explorer of South Australia (d. 1846)
• 1846 – Randolph Caldecott, British artist and illustrator (d. 1886)
• 1852 – Otakar Ševcík, Czech violinist and violin teacher (d. 1934)
• 1857 – Paul Doumer, French President (d. 1932)
• 1860 – Alfred Ploetz, German physician (d. 1940)
• 1866 – Jack Boyle, American baseball player (d. 1913)
• 1868 – Robert Millikan, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
• 1869 – Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino statesman (d. 1964)
• 1878 – Michel Théato, Luxembourgian athlete (d. 1919)
• 1880 – Ernie Quigley, Canadian-born American sports official (d. 1960)
• 1885 – Aryeh Levin, Lithuanian rabbi (d. 1969)
• 1887 – Chico Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1961)
• 1896 – He Long, Chinese marshal (d. 1969)
• 1901 – Greta Kempton, American artist (d. 1991)
• 1902 – Madeleine Milhaud, French actress (d. 2008)
• 1903 – Bill Holman, American cartoonist (Smokey Stover) (d. 1987)
• 1907 – James Gavin, American general and ambassador (d. 1990)
• 1907 – Lúcia Santos, Portuguese nun and mystic (d. 2005)
• 1908 – Jack Crawford, Australian tennis player (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Louis L'Amour, American author (d. 1988)
• 1909 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian author (d. 1983)
• 1910 – Nicholas Monsarrat, British novelist (d. 1979)
• 1912 – Wilfrid Brambell, Irish actor (d. 1985)
• 1912 – Karl Malden, American actor (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish combat pilot (d. 2001)
• 1913 – Tom McCall, Governor of Oregon (d. 1983)
• 1913 – Lew Wasserman, American film studio executive (d. 2002)
• 1915 – Georgiy Zhzhonov, Russian actor and writer (d. 2005)
• 1917 – Virginia Grey, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1917 – Irving Kaplansky, American mathematician (d. 2006)
• 1918 – Cheddi Jagan, Guyanan politician (d. 1997)
• 1920 – James Brown, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1920 – Werner Klemperer, German-born actor (d. 2000)
• 1920 – Ross Martin, Polish-American actor (d. 1981)
• 1920 – Lloyd MacPhail, Canadian politician (d. 1995)
• 1921 – Nino Manfredi, Italian actor (d. 2004)
• 1923 – Marcel Marceau, French mime artist (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Allen Neuharth, American businessman
• 1924 – Bill Wendell, American television announcer (d. 1999)
• 1925 – Gilles Pelletier, Canadian actor
• 1928 – Carrie Donovan, American fashion editor (d. 2001)
• 1928 – E.D. Hirsch. American social commentator
• 1928 – Ed Macauley, American basketball player
• 1929 – Yayoi Kusama, Japanese artist
• 1930 – Derek Bok, American lawyer and educator
• 1930 – Pat Robertson, American televangelist
• 1930 – Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist
• 1931 – Burton Richter, American physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1931 – William Shatner, Canadian actor
• 1932 – Larry Evans, American chess grandmaster and journalist (d. 2010)
• 1933 – Abolhassan Banisadr, Iranian politician
• 1933 – May Britt, Swedish actress
• 1934 – Orrin Hatch, American politician
• 1934 – Larry Martyn, English comedy actor (d. 1994)
• 1935 – M. Emmet Walsh, American actor
• 1936 – Ron Carey, American labor leader
• 1936 – Roger Whittaker, British singer
• 1937 – Angelo Badalamenti, American composer
• 1937 – Armin Hary, German athlete
• 1937 – Frank Pulli, American Major League Umpire
• 1940 – Dave Keon, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1940 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian/American actor (d. 1996)
• 1941 – Jeremy Clyde, British actor and musician (Chad and Jeremy)
• 1941 – Billy Collins, American poet
• 1941 – Bruno Ganz, Swiss actor
• 1941 – Cassam Uteem, Mauritian political figure
• 1942 – Bernd Herzsprung, German actor
• 1942 – Jorge Ben Jor, Brazilian musician
• 1942 – Dick Pound, Canadian amateur sports executive
• 1943 – George Benson, American musician
• 1943 – Keith Relf, English musician (The Yardbirds) (d. 1976)
• 1945 – Eric Roth, American screenwriter
• 1946 – Don Chaney, American basketball player and head coach
• 1946 – Rivka Golani, Israeli violist
• 1946 – Rudy Rucker, American author
• 1947 – James Patterson, American author
• 1948 – Wolf Blitzer, American television journalist
• 1948 – Randy Jo Hobbs, American musician (The McCoys) (d. 1993)
• 1948 – Andrew Lloyd Webber, English theatre composer
• 1949 – Fanny Ardant, French actress
• 1949 – Brian Hanrahan, English journalist and broadcaster (d.2010)
• 1950 – Jocky Wilson, Scottish darts player
• 1952 – Bob Costas, American sports commentator
• 1952 – Jay Dee Daugherty, American drummer
• 1955 – Lena Olin, Swedish actress
• 1955 – Pete Sessions, American politician
• 1955 – Valdis Zatlers, Latvian politician
• 1956 – Generosa Ammon, American murder suspect (d. 2003)
• 1957 – Jürgen Bucher, German footballer
• 1957 – Stephanie Mills, American actress and singer
• 1958 – Laurie David, American political activist
• 1958 – Pete Wylie, British singer/songwriter
• 1959 – Carlton Cuse, Mexican-born American TV writer and executive
• 1959 – Avraham Fried, American entertainer
• 1959 – Matthew Modine, American actor
• 1965 – John Kordic, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1992)
• 1965 – Emma Wray, English actress
• 1966 – Todd Ewen, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Artis Pabriks, Latvian politician
• 1966 – Brian Shaw, American basketball player
• 1967 – Mario Cipollini, Italian cyclist
• 1967 – Bernie Gallacher, British footballer (Aston Villa) (d. 2011)
• 1968 – Euronymous, Norwegian musician (d. 1993)
• 1970 – Andreas Johnson, Swedish singer
• 1970 – Leontien van Moorsel, Dutch cyclist
• 1971 – Iben Hjejle, Danish actress
• 1971 – Will Yun Lee, American actor
• 1972 – Shawn Bradley, American basketball player
• 1972 – Cory Lidle, American baseball player (d. 2006)
• 1972 – Elvis Stojko, Canadian figure skater
• 1973 – Beverley Knight, English singer
• 1973 – Joe Nedney, American football player
• 1974 – Marcus Camby, American basketball player
• 1974 – Philippe Clement, Belgian footballer
• 1974 – Kidada Jones, American actress
• 1974 – Gert Peens, South African-born Italian rugby player
• 1975 – Anne Dudek, American actress
• 1975 – Jason Fletcher, American sports agent
• 1975 – Cole Hauser, American actor
• 1975 – Jirí Novák, Czech tennis player
• 1976 – Teun de Nooijer, Dutch field hockey player
• 1976 – Kathryn Jean Lopez, American pundit
• 1976 – Kellie Shanygne Williams, American actress
• 1976 – Reese Witherspoon, American actress
• 1977 – Joey Porter, American football player
• 1978 – Tom Poti, American ice hockey player
• 1979 – Aaron North, American musician
• 1979 – Juan Uribe, Dominican baseball player
• 1980 – Shannon Bex, American singer (Danity Kane)
• 1980 – Pamela O'Connor, Scottish ice dancer
• 1982 – Michael Janyk, Canadian alpine skier
• 1984 – Piotr Trochowski, German footballer
• 1985 – Mayola Biboko, Belgian footballer
• 1985 – Jakob Fuglsang, Danish professional cyclist
• 1985 – Mike Jenkins, American football player
• 1985 – Justin Masterson, American baseball player
• 1986 – David Choi, American musician
• 1987 – Ike Davis, American baseball player
• 1988 – Tania Raymonde, American actress
• 1989 – Ruben Popa, Romanian footballer
• 1989 – Ben King, American professional cyclist
• 1990 – Lisa Mitchell, Australian singer-songwriter
• 1995 – Nick Robinson, American actor

Deaths

• 1322 – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, English politician (b. 1278)
• 1418 – Dietrich of Nieheim, German historian
• 1421 – Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (b. 1388)
• 1544 – Johannes Magnus, last Catholic Archbishop of Sweden (b. 1488)
• 1602 – Agostino Carracci, Italian artist (b. 1557)
• 1685 – Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (b. 1638)
• 1687 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, Italian-born French composer (b. 1632)
• 1758 – Jonathan Edwards, American minister (b. 1703)
• 1758 – Richard Leveridge, English bass and composer (b. 1670)
• 1772 – John Canton, English physicist (b. 1718)
• 1820 – Stephen Decatur, American naval officer (b. 1779)
• 1832 – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German writer (b. 1749)
• 1840 – Étienne Bobillier, French mathematician (b. 1798)
• 1896 – Thomas Hughes, English novelist (b. 1822)
• 1913 – Sung Chiao-jen, Chinese Nationalist (b. 1882)
• 1924 – William Macewen, Scottish surgeon (b. 1848)
• 1934 – Theophilos Hatzimihail, Greek painter (b. 1870)
• 1945 – John Hessin Clarke, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1857)
• 1952 – Uncle Dave Macon, American musician (b. 1870)
• 1955 – Ivan Šubašic, Kingdom of Yugoslavia prime minister and last ban of Croatia (b. 1892)
• 1958 – Mike Todd, American film producer (b. 1909)
• 1960 – José Antonio Aguirre, Basque politician (b. 1904)
• 1966 – John Harlin, American mountaineer (b. 1935)
• 1974 – Peter Revson, American racecar driver (b. 1939)
• 1977 – A.K. Gopalan, Indian communist leader (b. 1904)
• 1978 – Karl Wallenda, German acrobat (b. 1905)
• 1981 – James "Jumbo" Elliott, American track coach (b. 1915)
• 1986 – Mark Dinning, American singer (b. 1933)
• 1986 – Charles Starrett, American actor (b. 1903)
• 1986 – Olive Deering, American actress (b. 1918)
• 1987 – Odysseas Angelis, Greek officer involved in the coup of April 1967 (b. 1912)
• 1990 – Gerald Bull, Canadian engineer (b. 1928)
• 1991 – Léon Balcer, French Canadian politician (b. 1917)
• 1991 – Dave Guard, American folk singer (The Kingston Trio) (b. 1934)
• 1991 – Gloria Holden, American film actress (b. 1908)
• 1993 – Steve Olin, American baseball player (b. 1965)
• 1994 – Dan Hartman, American musician, songwriter, and record producer (b. 1950)
• 1994 – Walter Lantz, American cartoonist (b. 1900)
• 1996 – Don Murray, American musician (The Turtles) (b. 1945)
• 1996 – Billy Williamson, American musician with Bill Haley & His Comets (b. 1925)
• 1999 – Max Beloff, British historian (b. 1913)
• 1999 – David Strickland, American actor (b. 1969)
• 2001 – Sabiha Gökçen, Turkish combat pilot (b. 1913)
• 2001 – William Hanna, American animator and studio founder (b. 1910)
• 2001 – Robert Fletcher Shaw, Canadian civil servant, deputy commissioner general of the Expo 67 (b. 1910)
• 2002 – Rudolf Baumgartner, Swiss conductor and violinist (b. 1917)
• 2003 – Terry Lloyd, English reporter (b. 1952)
• 2004 – Ahmed Yassin, Palestinian co-founder of Hamas (b. c. 1937)
• 2005 – Kenzo Tange, Japanese architect (b. 1913)
• 2006 – Pierre Clostermann, French World War II pilot (b. 1921)
• 2006 – Kurt von Trojan, Australian science fiction author (b. 1937)
• 2006 – Lawrence Stephen, Nauruan politician (b. 1939)
• 2007 – Uppaluri Gopala Krishnamurti, Indian philosopher (b. 1918)
• 2008 – Cachao López, Cuban mambo musician (b. 1918)
• 2009 – Jade Goody, British reality TV celebrity (b. 1981)
• 2009 – Leon Walker, British rugby player (b. 1988)
• 2010 – James W. Black, Scottish Nobel Prize-winning doctor and medical research scientist (b. 1924)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Saint Lea
  • Darerca of Ireland
  • Epaphroditus
  • Paul of Narbonne
  • Nicholas Owen
  • Basil of Ancyra (Roman Catholic Church)
  • March 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Earliest day on which Earth Hour can fall, while March 28 is the latest; celebrated on the last Saturday in March. (International)
• Earliest day on which Easter Sunday can fall, while April 25 is the latest. (Christianity)
• Emancipation Day or Día de la Abolición de la Esclavitud (Puerto Rico)
• World Day for Water (International)