today.nukz.net: Almanac May 10

Donovan (born Donovan Philips Leitch, 10 May 1946) is a Scottish singer, songwriter and guitarist. Initially labelled as an imitator of Bob Dylan, Donovan quickly developed an eclectic and distinctive style that blended folk, jazz, pop, psychedelia, and world music (notably calypso). He has variously lived in Scotland, London, California and Ireland, and currently lives with his family in County Cork in Ireland.

Events

70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, opens a full-scale assault on Jerusalem and attacks the city's Third Wall to the northwest.
1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edward I of England.
1497 – Amerigo Vespucci allegedly leaves Cádiz for his first voyage to the New World.
1503 – Christopher Columbus visits the Cayman Islands and names them Las Tortugas after the numerous turtles there.
1534 – Jacques Cartier visits Newfoundland.
1655 – England, with troops under the command of Admiral William Penn and General Robert Venables, annexes Jamaica from Spain.
1768 – John Wilkes is imprisoned for writing an article for The North Briton severely criticizing King George III. This action provokes rioting in London.
1773 – The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Tea Act, designed to save the British East India Company by granting it a monopoly on the North American tea trade.
1774 – Louis XVI becomes King of France.
1774 – Marie Antoinette becomes Queen of France.
1775 – American Revolutionary War: A small Colonial militia led by Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold captures Fort Ticonderoga.
1775 – American Revolutionary War: Representatives from the Thirteen Colonies begin the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
1796 – First Coalition: Napoleon I of France wins a decisive victory against Austrian forces at Lodi bridge over the Adda River in Italy. The Austrians lose some 2,000 men.
1801 – First Barbary War: The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States of America.
1824 – The National Gallery in London opens to the public.
1833 – The desecration of the grave of the viceroy of southern Vietnam Le Van Duyet by Emperor Minh Mang provokes his adopted son to start a revolt.
1837 – Panic of 1837: New York City banks fail, and unemployment reaches record levels.
1849 – Astor Place Riot: A riot breaks out at the Astor Opera House in Manhattan, New York City over a dispute between actors Edwin Forrest and William Charles Macready, killing at least 25 and injuring over 120.
1857 – Indian Mutiny: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys revolt against their commanding officers at Meerut.
1863 – American Civil War: Confederate General Stonewall Jackson dies eight days after he is accidentally shot by his own troops.
1864 – American Civil War: Colonel Emory Upton leads a 10-regiment "Attack-in-depth" assault against the Confederate works at The Battle of Spotsylvania, which, though ultimately unsuccessful, would provide the idea for the massive assault against the Bloody Angle on May 12. Upton is slightly wounded but is immediately promoted to Brigadier general.
1865 – American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is captured by Union troops near Irwinville, Georgia.
1865 – American Civil War: In Kentucky, Union soldiers ambush and mortally wound Confederate raider William Quantrill, who lingers until his death on June 6.
1869 – The First Transcontinental Railroad, linking the eastern and western United States, is completed at Promontory Summit, Utah (not Promontory Point, Utah) with the golden spike.
1872 – Victoria Woodhull becomes the first woman nominated for President of the United States.
1877 – Romania declares itself independent from the Ottoman Empire following the Senate adoption of Mihail Kogalniceanu's Declaration of Independence. This act is recognized on March 26, 1881 after the end of the Romanian War of Independence.
1893 – The Supreme Court of the United States rules in Nix v. Hedden that a tomato is a vegetable, not a fruit, under the Tariff Act of 1883.
1908 – Mother's Day is observed for the first time in the United States, in Grafton, West Virginia.
1922 – The United States annex the Kingman Reef.
1924 – J. Edgar Hoover is appointed the Director of the United States' Federal Bureau of Investigation, and remains so until his death in 1972.
1933 – Censorship: In Germany, the Nazis stage massive public book burnings.
1940 – World War II: The first German bombs of the war fall on England at Chilham and Petham, in Kent.
1940 – World War II: Germany invades Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
1940 – World War II: Winston Churchill is appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1940 – World War II: Invasion of Iceland by the United Kingdom.
1941 – World War II: The House of Commons in London is damaged by the Luftwaffe in an air raid.
1941 – World War II: Rudolf Hess parachutes into Scotland to try to negotiate a peace deal between the United Kingdom and Nazi Germany.
1942 – World War II: The Thai Phayap Army invades the Shan States during the Burma Campaign.
1946 – First successful launch of an American V-2 rocket at White Sands Proving Ground.
1948 – The Republic of China implements "temporary provisions" granting President Chiang Kai-shek extended powers to deal with the Communist uprising; they will remain in effect until 1991.
1954 – Bill Haley & His Comets release "Rock Around the Clock", the first rock and roll record to reach number one on the Billboard charts.
1960 – The nuclear submarine USS Triton completes Operation Sandblast, the first underwater circumnavigation of the earth.
1969 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Dong Ap Bia begins with an assault on Hill 937. It will ultimately become known as Hamburger Hill.
1979 – The Federated States of Micronesia become self-governing.
1981 – François Mitterrand wins the presidential election and becomes the first Socialist President of France in the French Fifth Republic.
1993 – In Thailand, a fire at the Kader Toy Factory kills 156 workers.
1994 – Nelson Mandela is inaugurated as South Africa's first black president.
1997 – A 7.3 M_w earthquake strikes Iran's Khorasan Province, killing 1,567, injuring over 2,300, leaving 50,000 homeless, and damaging or destroying over 15,000 homes.
1997 – The Maeslantkering, a storm surge barrier in the Netherlands that is one of the world's largest moving structures, is opened by Queen Beatrix.
2002 – F.B.I. agent Robert Hanssen is sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for selling United States secrets to Moscow for $1.4 million in cash and diamonds.
2005 – A hand grenade thrown by Vladimir Arutinian lands about 65 feet (20 metres) from U.S. President George W. Bush while he is giving a speech to a crowd in Tbilisi, Georgia, but it malfunctions and does not detonate.
2008 – An EF4 tornado strikes the Oklahoma-Kansas state line, killing 21 people and injuring over 100.
2008 – War in Darfur: The Justice and Equality Movement and Sudanese government forces clash in Omdurman and Khartoum, the first time the fighting takes place in the nation's capital.

Births

213 – Claudius II, Roman emperor (d. 270)
1265 – Emperor Fushimi of Japan (d. 1317)
1604 – Jean Mairet, French dramatist (d. 1686)
1641 – Dudley North, English economist (d. 1691)
1697 – Jean-Marie Leclair, French violinist and composer (d. 1764)
1714 – Sophie Charlotte Ackermann, German actress (d. 1792)
1727 – Anne Robert Turgot, French statesman (d. 1781)
1746 – Gaspard Monge, French mathematician (d. 1818)
1755 – Robert Gray, American sea captain (d. 1806)
1756 – Singu Min, King of Burma (d. 1782)
1760 – Johann Peter Hebel, German poet (d. 1826)
1760 – Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, French composer (La Marseillaise) (d. 1836)
1770 – Louis Nicolas Davout, French marshal (d. 1823)
1775 – Antoine Charles Louis Lasalle, French cavalry general (d. 1809)
1788 – Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist (d. 1827)
1788 – Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, Russian-born queen of Württemberg (d. 1819)
1810 – Ebenezer Cobham Brewer, British lexicographer (d. 1897)
1813 – Montgomery Blair, American politician (d. 1883)
1838 – John Wilkes Booth, American actor and assassin of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1865)
1840 – Hadzhi Dimitar, Bulgarian revolutionary (d. 1868)
1841 – James Gordon Bennett Jr., American publisher (New York Herald) (d. 1918)
1843 – Benito Pérez Galdós, Spanish novelist (d. 1920)
1847 – Wilhelm Killing, German mathematician (d. 1923)
1863 – Upendrakishore Ray, Indian writer, painter and composer (d. 1915)
1866 – Léon Bakst, Russian artist (d. 1924)
1868 – Ed Barrow, American baseball manager (d. 1953)
1872 – Marcel Mauss, French sociologist (d. 1950)
1874 – Moses Schorr, Polish rabbi, senator, historian and orientalist (d. 1941)
1876 – Ivan Cankar, Slovenian writer (d. 1918)
1878 – Gustav Stresemann, Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1929)
1879 – Symon Petliura, Ukrainian statesman (d. 1926)
1886 – Karl Barth, Swiss Protestant theologian (d. 1968)
1886 – Olaf Stapledon, British author and philosopher (d. 1950)
1886 – Felix Manalo, Philippine Founder and 1st Executive Minister of the Iglesia ni Cristo (d. 1963)
1888 – Max Steiner, Austrian composer (d. 1971)
1889 – Mae Murray, American actress (d. 1965)
1890 – Alfred Jodl, German general (d. 1946)
1894 – Elvire Popesco, Romanian-born stage and movie actress (d. 1993)
1895 – Kama Chinen, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2010)
1897 – Einar Gerhardsen, Prime minister of Norway (d. 1987)
1898 – Ariel Durant, American historian (d. 1981)
1899 – Fred Astaire, American dancer and actor (d. 1987)
1899 – Dimitri Tiomkin, Ukrainian-born composer (d. 1979)
1901 – J.D. Bernal, British crystallographer (d. 1971)
1902 – Anatole Litvak, Ukrainian-born film director (d. 1974)
1902 – David O. Selznick, American film producer (d. 1965)
1903 – Otto Bradfisch, Nazi leader (d. 1994)
1905 – Markos Vamvakaris, Greek rebetiko musician and songwriter (d. 1972)
1907 – Freddie Spencer Chapman, British army officer (d. 1971)
1908 – Carl Albert, American politician (d. 2000)
1909 – Maybelle Carter, American musician (d. 1978)
1911 – Roland Gladu, Canadian baseball player (d. 1994)
1911 – Bel Kaufman, American author
1915 – Monica Dickens, English writer (d. 1992)
1915 – Sir Denis Thatcher, British businessman and husband of Margaret Thatcher (d. 2003)
1916 – Milton Babbitt, American composer (d. 2011)
1918 – T. Berry Brazelton, American pediatrician
1918 – George Welch, American pilot (d. 1954)
1920 – Jeff Cooper, American Handgun Expert (d. 2006)
1920 – Bert Weedon, British guitarist (d. 2012)
1920 – Helen Crummy MBE, Scottish community activist (d. 2011).
1922 – Nancy Walker, American actress (d. 1992)
1923 – Heydar Aliyev, Ex-President and Leader of Azerbaijan Republic (d. 2003)
1926 – Hugo Banzer, Bolivian dictator (d. 2002)
1927 – Nayantara Sahgal, Indian author
1928 – Arnold Rüütel, Estonian president
1929 – Antonine Maillet, French-Canadian novelist and playwright
1930 – Scott Muni, American radio DJ (d. 2004)
1930 – Pat Summerall, American football player and broadcaster
1931 – Ettore Scola, Italian director and screenwriter
1933 – Françoise Fabian, French film actress
1933 – Barbara Taylor Bradford, English writer
1934 – Jeanine Basinger, American film scholar
1934 – Cliff Wilson, Welsh snooker player (d. 1994)
1935 – Larry Williams, American singer and songwriter (d. 1980)
1936 – Timothy Birdsall, English cartoonist (d. 1963)
1936 – Gary Owens, American actor and announcer
1937 – Jim Hickman, American baseball player
1937 – Tamara Press, Soviet athlete
1938 – Jean Becker, French director, screenwriter and actor
1938 – Henry Fambrough, American singer (The Spinners)
1938 – Dang Nhat Minh, Vietnamese film director
1938 – Manuel Santana, Spanish tennis champion
1938 – Marina Vlady, French actress
1940 – Wayne A. Downing, retired United States Army general
1941 – Danny Rapp, American musician (Danny & the Juniors) (d. 1983)
1942 – Jim Calhoun, American college basketball coach
1942 – Carl Douglas, Jamaican-born singer
1942 – Youssouf Sambo Bâ, Burkinabé politician
1943 – David Clennon, American actor
1943 – Richard Darman, American economist
1944 – Jim Abrahams, American film director
1944 – Marie-France Pisier, French actress (d. 2011)
1946 – Donovan, Scottish musician
1946 – Graham Gouldman, British musician and songwriter (10cc)
1946 – Maureen Lipman, English actress
1946 – Dave Mason, English musician (Traffic)
1946 – Diderik Wagenaar, Dutch composer and musical theorist
1947 – Caroline Cooney, American author
1947 – Jay Ferguson, American musician and composer
1947 – Thomas Tessier, American author
1948 – Meg Foster, American actress
1952 – Sly Dunbar, Jamaican musician
1952 – Kikki Danielsson, Swedish singer
1952 – Manuel Mora Morales, Spanish director and writer
1953 – John Diamond, English journalist (d. 2001)
1953 – Tito Santana, Mexican-American professional wrestler
1954 – F. Charles Brunicardi, American surgeon
1955 – Chris Berman, American sportscaster
1955 – Mark David Chapman, American murderer of John Lennon
1956 – Yves Jacques, French-Canadian actor
1956 – Paige O'Hara, American Broadway singer and actress
1956 – Vladislav Listyev, Russian television anchor and journalist (d. 1995)
1956 – Jonathan Roberts, American writer played Mufasa from Lion King.
1957 – Sid Vicious, English bassist (The Sex Pistols) (d. 1979)
1958 – Gaétan Boucher, Canadian speed skater
1958 – Rick Santorum, American politician
1958 – Yu Suzuki, Japanese creator of Virtua Fighter series
1959 – Victoria Rowell, American actress
1959 – Danny Schayes, American basketball player
1960 – Bono, Irish singer (U2)
1960 – Dean Heller, American politician
1960 – Merlene Ottey, Jamaican/Slovenian track athlete
1961 – Danny Carey, American drummer (Tool, Pigmy Love Circus)
1961 – Randy Cunneyworth, Canadian ice hockey coach
1961 – Johanna ter Steege, Dutch actress
1962 – Guy Hemmings, Canadian curler
1962 – Brad Soderberg, American college basketball head coach
1962 – Robby Thompson, American baseball player
1963 – Lisa Nowak, American astronaut
1963 – A. Raja, Indian politician
1965 – Linda Evangelista, Canadian supermodel
1965 – Rony Seikaly, Lebanese basketball player
1966 – Jonathan Edwards, English athlete
1967 – Scott Brison, Canadian politician
1967 – Jon Ronson, British journalist and author
1967 – Nobuhiro Takeda, Japanese footballer and sportscaster
1967 – Young MC, American rapper
1968 – Thomas Coville, French yacht racer
1968 – William Regal (Darren Matthews), English professional wrestler
1968 – Al Murray, British comedian
1968 – Erik Palladino, American actor
1968 – Ed Sanders, British actor and television personality
1969 – Dennis Bergkamp, Dutch footballer
1969 – John Scalzi, American writer
1970 – Perry Blake, Irish singer/songwriter
1970 – Gabriela Montero, Venezuelan pianist
1970 – Gina Philips, American actress
1970 – Sally Phillips, British actress and comedienne
1970 – Dallas Roberts, American actor
1970 – David Weir, Scottish footballer
1971 – Adriano Giannini, Italian actor
1971 – Craig Mack, American rapper
1971 – Ådne Søndrål, Norwegian speed skater
1971 – Leslie Stefanson, American actress
1972 – Radoslaw Majdan, Polish footballer
1973 – Aviv Geffen, Israeli singer/songwriter (Blackfield)
1973 – Ollie le Roux, South African rugby player
1973 – Jerome Williams, American basketball player
1974 – Liu Fang, Chinese musician
1974 – Sylvain Wiltord, French footballer
1975 – Andrea Anders, American Actress
1975 – Torbjørn Brundtland, Norwegian musician (Röyksopp)
1975 – Hélio Castroneves, Brazilian race car driver
1975 – Adam Deadmarsh, American ice hockey player
1975 – Shin Jung-hwan, Korean singer
1976 – Stuart Braithwaite, Scottish musician (Mogwai)
1976 – Rachel Gordon, Australian actress
1976 – Steve Howard, Scottish footballer
1976 – Rob Malda, American internet writer/editor (Slashdot)
1976 – Udo Mechels, Belgian singer
1976 – Aggeliki Tsiolakoudi, Greek javelin thrower
1977 – Henri Camara, Senegalese footballer
1977 – Nick Heidfeld, German Formula One driver
1977 – Denise Ho, Hong Kong singer
1977 – Chas Licciardello, Australian comedian
1977 – Keith Murray, American singer (We Are Scientists)
1977 – Sergei Nakariakov, Russian virtuoso trumpeter
1978 – Kenan Thompson, American actor
1979 – Lee Hyori, South Korean singer
1980 – Namitha Kapoor, Indian actress
1981 – Samuel Dalembert, Haitian basketball player
1981 – Humberto Suazo, Chilean footballer
1982 – Jeremy Gable, American playwright
1982 – Daniel Harris, Australian rules footballer
1983 – Gustav Fridolin, Swedish politician
1983 – Natalia Zabala, Spanish beauty pageant contestant
1984 – Edward Mujica, Venezuelan baseball player
1984 – Kristyna Myles, British singer
1985 – Ryan Getzlaf, Canadian ice hockey player
1985 – Odette Annable, American actress
1987 – Wilson Chandler, American basketball player
1987 – Anej Lovrecic, Slovenian footballer
1989 – Lindsey Shaw, American actress
1990 – Josh Dugan, Australian rugby league player
1990 – Lauren Potter, American actress
1991 – Giorgos Machlelis, Greek footballer
1992 – Zia Marquez, Filipino actress
1992 – Charice Pempengco, Filipino singer
1993 – Tímea Babos, Hungarian tennis player
1993 – Mirai Shida, Japanese actress

Deaths

1034 – Mieszko II, King of Poland (b. 990)
1290 – Duke Rudolph II of Austria (b. 1271)
1424 – Go-Kameyama, Emperor of Japan
1482 – Paolo dal Pozzo Toscanelli, Italian mathematician and astronomer (b. 1397)
1493 – Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll, Scottish politician
1521 – Sebastian Brant, Alsatian humanist (b. 1457)
1566 – Leonhart Fuchs, German botanist (b. 1501)
1641 – Johan Banér, Swedish soldier (b. 1596)
1657 – Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (b. 1592)
1691 – Colonel John Birch, English soldier (b. 1615)
1692 – Sarah Osborne, one of the first accused in the Salem witch trials (b. circa 1643)
1696 – Jean de La Bruyère, French writer (b. 1645)
1717 – John Hathorne, American magistrate (b. 1641)
1726 – Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans, English soldier (b. 1670)
1733 – Barton Booth, English actor (b. 1681)
1737 – Emperor Nakamikado of Japan (b. 1702)
1774 – King Louis XV of France (b. 1710)
1775 – Marie Magdalene Charlotte Ackermann, German actress (b. 1757)
1787 – William Watson, English physician and scientist (b. 1715)
1792 – John Stevens, American delegate to the Continental Congress
1798 – George Vancouver, British navy officer and explorer (b. 1757)
1807 – Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, French soldier (b. 1725)
1818 – Paul Revere, American patriot (b. 1735)
1829 – Thomas Young, English physician and linguist (b. 1773)
1850 – Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French chemist and physicist (b. 1778)
1863 – Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson, American Confederate general (b. 1824)
1868 – Henry Bennett, American politician (b. 1808)
1889 – Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian satirist (b. 1826)
1897 – Andrés Bonifacio, Filipino revolutionary leader (b. 1863)
1904 – Andrei Ryabushkin, Russian painter (b. 1861)
1937 – William Tedmarsh, English-born silent movie actor (b. 1876)
1945 – Richard Glücks, German SS officer (b. 1889)
1945 – Konrad Henlein, pro-Nazi Czechoslovakian politician (b. 1898)
1950 – Belle da Costa Greene, American librarian, bibliographer, archivist (b. 1883)
1955 – Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer (b. 1881)
1955 – John Radecki, Australian stained glass artist (b. 1865)
1956 – Michalis Karaolis, Greek-Cypriot EOKA fighter (b. 1934)
1960 – Yury Olesha, Russian novelist (b. 1899)
1963 – Gene "Big Daddy" Lipscomb, American football player (b. 1931)
1964 – Mikhail Larionov, Russian painter (b. 1881)
1965 – Hubertus van Mook, Acting Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1942 to 1948 (b. 1894)
1967 – Lorenzo Bandini, Italian racing driver, (b. 1935)
1968 – Scotty Beckett, American child actor (b. 1929)
1974 – Hal Mohr, American cinematographer, husband of Evelyn Venable (b. 1894)
1976 – Elias Aslaksen, Norwegian religious figure (b. 1888)
1977 – Joan Crawford, American actress (b. 1905)
1982 – Peter Weiss, German writer and artist (b. 1916)
1988 – Shen Congwen, Chinese writer (b. 1902)
1989 – Woody Shaw, American jazz musician (b. 1944)
1989 – Dimitar Ilievski-Murato, Macedonian mountaineer (b. 1953)
1990 – Susan Oliver, American actress (b. 1932)
1990 – Walker Percy, American author (b. 1916)
1992 – Sylvia Syms, American jazz singer (b. 1917)
1993 – Stephen Ross, English politician (b. 1926)
1994 – John Wayne Gacy, American serial killer (b. 1942)
1997 – Joan Weston, American Roller Derby (b. 1935)
1999 – Shel Silverstein, American poet and composer (b. 1930)
2000 – Jules Deschênes, Quebec superior court judge (b. 1923)
2001 – Sudhakarrao Naik, Indian politician (b. 1934)
2001 – Deborah Walley, American actress (b. 1943)
2002 – Kaifi Azmi, Indian poet and songwriter (b. 1919)
2002 – John Cunniff, American ice hockey coach (b. 1944)
2002 – Lynda Lyon Block, American convicted murderer (b. 1948)
2002 – Yves Robert, French actor, screenwriter and director (b. 1920)
2003 – Milan Vukcevich, Yugoslavian chemist and chess problem composer (b. 1937)
2005 – David Wayne, American singer (Metal Church) (b. 1958)
2006 – Val Guest, British film director (b. 1911)
2006 – Raizo Matsuno, Japanese politician (b. 1917)
2006 – A. M. Rosenthal, American newspaper editor (b. 1922)
2006 – Soraya, Colombian-American singer (b. 1969)
2008 – Leyla Gencer, Turkish soprano (b. 1928)
2008 – Jessie Jacobs, Australian actress (b. 1990)
2010 – Frank Frazetta, American artist (b. 1928)
2010 – Robert B. Salter, Canadian surgeon (b. 1924)
2011 – Michael Baze, American horse racing jockey (b. 1987)