today.nukz.net: Almanac August 13

Annie Oakley (August 13, 1860 – November 3, 1926), born Phoebe Ann Moses, was an American sharpshooter and exhibition shooter. Oakley's amazing talent and timely rise to fame led to a starring role in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show, which propelled her to become the first American female superstar. Oakley's most famous trick is perhaps being able to repeatedly split a playing card, edge-on, and put several more holes in it before it could touch the ground, while using a .22 caliber rifle, at 90 feet.

Events

1516 – The Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain is signed. Francis I of France recognises Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, recognises Francis's claim to Milan.
1521 – Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés.
1536 – Buddhist monks from Kyoto's Enryaku-ji temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout in what will be known as the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536).
1553 – Michael Servetus is arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic.
1704 – War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim – English and Imperial forces are victorious over French and Bavarian troops.
1792 – King Louis XVI of France is formally arrested by the National Tribunal, and declared an enemy of the people.
1806 – Battle of Mišar during the Serbian revolution begins. The battle will end two days later, with a decisive Serbian victory over the Ottomans.
1814 – The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London.
1831 – Nat Turner sees a solar eclipse, which he believes is a sign from God. Eight days later he and 70 other slaves kill approximately 55 whites in Southampton County, Virginia.
1868 – A massive earthquake near Arica, Peru, causes an estimated 25,000 casualties, and the subsequent tsunami causes considerable damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.
1898 – Spanish–American War: Spanish and American forces engaged in a mock battle for Manila, after which the Spanish commander surrendered in order to keep the city out of Filipino rebel hands.
1898 – Carl Gustav Witt discovers 433 Eros, the first near-Earth asteroid to be found.
1906 – The all black infantrymen of the U.S. Army's 25th Infantry Regiment are accused of killing a white bartender and wounding a white police officer in Brownsville, Texas, despite exculpatory evidence; all are later dishonorably discharged.
1913 – Otto Witte, an acrobat, is purportedly crowned King of Albania.
1913 – First production in the UK of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
1918 – Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist.
1918 – Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) established as a public company in Germany.
1920 – Polish-Soviet War: the Battle of Warsaw begins and will last till August 25. The Red Army is defeated.
1937 – The Battle of Shanghai begins.
1942 – Major General Eugene Reybold of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers authorizes the construction of facilities that would house the "Development of Substitute Materials" project, better known as the Manhattan Project.
1954 – Radio Pakistan broadcasts the "Qaumi Tarana", the national anthem of Pakistan for the first time.
1960 – The Central African Republic declares independence from France.
1961 – The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West.
1962 – Representatives from the Russian Orthodox Church and the Holy See meet in Metz, France, and come to an agreement wherein the Russian church would send observers to the Second Vatican Council and in exchange, the Roman Catholic Church would refuse to condemn Communism.
1964 – Peter Allen and Gwynne Evans are hanged for the Murder of John Alan West becoming the last people executed in the United Kingdom.
1968 – Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate the Greek dictator Colonel Georgios Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens.
1969 – The Apollo 11 astronauts are released from a three-week quarantine to enjoy a ticker-tape parade in New York. That evening, at a state dinner in Los Angeles, they are awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by U.S. President Richard Nixon.
1977 – Members of the British National Front (NF) clash with anti-NF demonstrators in Lewisham, London, resulting in 214 arrests and at least 111 injuries.
1978 – 150 Palestinians in Beirut are killed in a terrorist attack during the second phase of the Lebanese Civil War.
1979 – The roof of the uncompleted Rosemont Horizon near Chicago, Illinois collapses, killing 5 workers and injuring 16.
2004 – Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes Punta Gorda, Florida and devastates the surrounding area.
2004 – 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees are massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
2008 – South Ossetian War: Russian units occupy the Georgian city of Gori.
2010 – The MV Sun Sea docks in CFB Esquimalt, British Columbia, Canada, carrying 492 Sri Lankan Tamils.

Births

582 – Arnulf of Metz, French bishop and saint (d. 640)
1311 – King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon (d. 1350)
1584 – Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, English politician (d. 1640)
1625 – Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician and physicist (d. 1698)
1662 – Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician (d. 1748)
1666 – William Wotton, English scholar (d. 1727)
1700 – Heinrich, count von Brühl, German statesman (d. 1763)
1717 – Louis François I, Prince of Conti, French military leader (d. 1776)
1752 – Maria Carolina of Austria, queen consort of Naples and Sicily, wife of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (d. 1814)
1764 – Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (d. 1816)
1790 – William Wentworth, Australian explorer and politician (d. 1872)
1792 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort of the United Kingdom, wife of King William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1849)
1803 – Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1869)
1814 – Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (d. 1874)
1818 – Lucy Stone, American suffragette (d. 1893)
1819 – George Gabriel Stokes, Irish physicist (d. 1903)
1820 – Sir George Grove, English music historian (d. 1900)
1823 – Goldwin Smith, English-born Canadian historian and journalist (d. 1910)
1841 – Johnny Mullagh, Australian cricketer (d. 1891)
1851 – Felix Adler, German-born American educator (d. 1933)
1857 – Manuel de Escandón, Mexican polo player (d. 1940)
1860 – Annie Oakley, American sharpshooter (d. 1926)
1866 – Giovanni Agnelli, Italian industrialist, founder of Fiat (d. 1945)
1872 – Richard Willstätter, German chemist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1942)
1879 – John Ireland, English composer (d. 1962)
1884 – Harry Dean, English cricketer (d. 1957)
1887 – Julius Freed, American inventor and banker (d. 1952)
1888 – John Logie Baird, Scottish television pioneer (d. 1946)
1888 – Gleb W. Derujinsky, Russian sculptor (d. 1975)
1889 – Camillien Houde, Quebec politician, mayor of Montreal (d. 1958)
1890 – Ellen Osiier, Danish fencer (d. 1962)
1895 – István Barta, Hungarian water polo player (d. 1948)
1895 – Bert Lahr, American actor (d. 1967)
1898 – Regis Toomey, American film and television actor (d. 1991)
1899 – Alfred Hitchcock, English film director (d. 1980)
1902 – Felix Wankel, German engineer and inventor (d. 1988)
1904 – Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, American actor (d. 1999)
1906 – Miklós Borsos, Hungarian sculptor (d. 1990)
1907 – Sir Basil Spence, Scottish architect (d. 1976)
1908 – Gene Raymond, American actor (d. 1998)
1911 – William Bernbach, American advertiser, co-founder of Dyle, Dane, and Bernbach (now DDB) (d. 1982)
1912 – Ben Hogan, American golfer (d. 1997)
1912 – Salvador Luria, Italian-born American microbiologist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1991)
1913 – Fred Davis, English snooker player (d. 1998)
1913 – Makarios III, Archbishop and first President of Cyprus (d. 1977)
1914 – Luis Mariano, Basque operetta singer (d. 1970)
1917 – Sid Gordon, American baseball player (d. 1975)
1918 – Frederick Sanger, English chemist, two-time Nobel Laureate
1919 – Rex Humbard, American television evangelist (d. 2007)
1919 – Sir George Shearing, British jazz pianist (d. 2011)
1920 – Neville Brand, American actor (d. 1992)
1925 – Benny Bailey, American bebop and hard-bop jazz trumpeter
1926 – Fidel Castro, Cuban revolutionary and politician
1929 – Pat Harrington, Jr., American actor
1930 – Wilfried Hilker, German football referee
1930 – Don Ho, American vocalist and pianist (d. 2007)
1930 – Bernard Manning, English comedian (d. 2007)
1930 – Wilmer David Mizell, American baseball player (d. 1999)
1933 – Joycelyn Elders, American physician, 15th Surgeon General of the United States
1935 – Mudcat Grant, American baseball player
1935 – Rod Hull, British television entertainer (d. 1999)
1938 – Dave "Baby" Cortez, American pop keyboardist
1940 – Bill Musselman, American basketball head coach (d. 2000)
1941 – Erin Fleming, Canadian actress (d. 2003)
1943 – Michael Willetts, English George Cross recipient (d. 1971)
1944 – Divina Galica, British athlete and racing driver
1944 – Kevin Tighe, American actor
1945 – Lars Engqvist, Swedish politician
1945 – Robin Jackman, England cricketer
1947 – Fred Stanley, American baseball player
1947 – John Stocker, Canadian voice actor
1947 – Margareta Winberg, Swedish politician
1948 – Kathleen Battle, American soprano
1948 – Scott Powell, founding member of Sha Na Na
1949 – Bobby Clarke, Canadian ice hockey player
1949 – Philippe Petit, French high wire artist
1949 – Jim Brunzell, American professional wrestler
1951 – Dan Fogelberg, American singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
1952 – Dave Carter, American folksinger (d. 2002)
1952 – Herb Ritts, American photographer (d. 2002)
1952 – Hughie Thomasson, American guitarist (Outlaws, Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 2007)
1954 – Nico Assumpção, Brazilian bass player (d. 2001)
1955 – Keith Ahlers, British racing driver
1955 – Hideo Fukuyama, Japanese racing driver
1955 – Paul Greengrass, English film director
1958 – David Feherty, Northern Irish golfer
1958 – Feargal Sharkey, Northern Irish vocalist (The Undertones)
1958 – Randall "Randy" Shughart, American Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1993)
1959 – Danny Bonaduce, American actor
1959 – Michael Bradley, bassist and radio producer
1959 – Tom Niedenfuer, American baseball player
1959 – Bruce French, England cricketer
1960 – Phil Taylor, English darts player
1960 – Koji Kondo, Japanese composer
1961 – Christos Christodoulou, Greek basketball player
1961 – Dawnn Lewis, American actress
1961 – Neil Mallender, England cricketer
1961 – Stuart Maconie, English music writer and broadcaster
1961 – Tom Perrotta, American novelist
1961 – Sunil Shetty, Indian actor and producer
1961 – Cary Stayner, American serial killer
1962 – Thanos Kalliris, Greek singer
1962 – John Slattery, American actor
1963 – Sridevi, Indian actress
1964 – Jay Buhner, American baseball player
1964 – Hank Cheyne, American actor
1964 – Debi Mazar, American actress
1965 – Mark Lemke, American baseball player
1965 – Hayato Matsuo, Japanese composer
1966 – Shayne Corson, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 – Sean Hood, American screenwriter
1967 – Amélie Nothomb, Belgian writer
1967 – Quinn Cummings, American actress
1969 – Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater
1970 – Will Clarke, American novelist
1970 – Elvis Grbac, American football player
1970 – Matt Hyson, American professional wrestler
1970 – Alan Shearer, English footballer
1971 – Moritz Bleibtreu, German actor
1971 – Patrick Carpentier, Quebec racing driver
1971 – Heike Makatsch, German actress
1971 – Rolando Molina, Salvadoran-born American actor
1972 – Hani Hanjour, Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacked American Airlines Flight 77 (d. 2001)
1972 – Kevin Plank, American entrepreneur (Under Armour)
1972 – John Safran, Australian television presenter
1972 – Michael Sinterniklaas, French American actor
1973 – Brittany Andrews, American pornographic actress
1973 – Molly Henneberg, American journalist
1973 – Eric Medlen, American drag racer and rodeo star (d. 2007)
1974 – Jarrod Washburn, American baseball player
1974 – Sam Endicott, American singer (The Bravery)
1975 – Shoaib Akhtar, Pakistani cricketer
1975 – James Carpinello, American actor
1975 – Joe Perry, English snooker player
1975 – Marty Turco, Canadian ice hockey player
1976 – Jody Thompson, Canadian actress
1977 – Michael Klim, Australian swimmer
1979 – Román Colón, Dominican baseball player
1979 – Kathryn Fiore, American actress
1979 – Corey Patterson, American baseball player
1979 – Taizo Sugimura, Japanese politician
1980 – Panagiotis Markouizos, Greek figure skater
1982 – Shani Davis, American speed skater
1982 – Kalenna Harper, American singer-songwriter (Dirty Money)
1983 – Ales Hemsky, Czech ice hockey player
1983 – Christian Müller, German footballer
1983 – Sebastian Stan, Romanian-born American actor
1984 – Niko Kranjcar, Croatian footballer
1984 – Boone Logan, American baseball player
1984 – James Morrison, British singer
1985 – Gerrit van Look, German rugby player and coach
1985 – Grega Bole, Slovenian cyclist
1990 – Sae Miyazawa, Japanese singer (AKB48)
1990 – Shila, Malaysian pop singer-songwriter
1992 – Lucas Rodrigues Moura da Silva, Brazilian footballer
1996 – Antonia Lottner, German tennis player
2000 – Piper Reese, American child reporter

Deaths

586 – Radegund, Frankish princess consort of King Chlothar I (b. c. 520)
900 – King Zwentibold of Lotharingia (b. 870)
1134 – Irene of Hungary, consort of Byzantine Emperor John II Komnenos (b. 1088)
1382 – Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile, consort of King John I of Castile (b. 1358)
1523 – Gerard David, Flemish painter (b. c. 1460)
1617 – Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (b. 1540)
1667 – Jeremy Taylor, Irish prose writer and bishop (b. 1613)
1686 – Louis Maimbourg, French historian (b. 1610)
1721 – Jacques Lelong, French bibliographer (b. 1665)
1744 – John Cruger, Dutch-born American politician and 39th Mayor of New York City (b. 1678)
1749 – Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (b. 1719)
1755 – Francesco Durante, Italian composer (b. 1684)
1826 – René Laënnec, French physician (b. 1781)
1863 – Eugène Delacroix, French painter (b. 1798)
1865 – Ignaz Semmelweis, Austro-Hungarian physician (b. 1818)
1910 – Florence Nightingale, English nurse (b. 1820)
1912 – Jules Massenet, French composer (b. 1842)
1917 – Eduard Buchner, German chemist, Nobel Laureate (b. 1860)
1937 – Arthur Plunkett, Australian civil engineer (birth year unknown)
1946 – H. G. Wells, English writer (b. 1866)
1948 – Elaine Hammerstein, American actress (b. 1897)
1958 – Otto Witte, German acrobat and claimant to the Albanian throne (b. 1868)
1963 – Louis Bastien, French racing cyclist (b. 1881)
1965 – Ikeda Hayato, Japanese politician (b. 1899)
1982 – Joe Tex, American singer and songwriter (b. 1933)
1984 – Tigran Petrosian, Soviet-Armenian chess player (b. 1929)
1986 – Way Bandy, American make-up artist (b. 1941)
1986 – Helen Mack, American actress (b. 1913)
1989 – Tim Richmond, American race car driver (b. 1955)
1989 – Larkin Smith, American politician (b. 1944)
1991 – Jack Ryan, American designer (Barbie) (b. 1926)
1995 – Jan Kresadlo, Czech writer (b. 1926)
1995 – Alison Hargreaves, British mountaineer (b. 1963)
1995 – Mickey Mantle, American baseball player (b. 1931)
1995 – Rob Slater, American mountaineer (b. 1960)
1996 – António de Spínola, Portuguese general and politician (b. 1910)
1996 – David Tudor, American pianist and composer (b. 1926)
1998 – Nino Ferrer, Italian-born French singer and composer (b. 1934)
1998 – Julien Green, American novelist (b. 1900)
1998 – Waneta Hoyt, American serial killer (b. 1946)
1999 – Jaime Garzón, Colombian journalist and comedian (b. 1960)
2000 – Nazia Hassan, Pakistani pop singer (b. 1965)
2001 – Otto Stuppacher, Austrian race car driver (b. 1947)
2003 – Ed Townsend, American songwriter and producer (b. 1929)
2004 – Julia Child, American chef and television personality (b. 1912)
2005 – David Lange, 32nd Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1942)
2006 – Tony Jay, English actor (b. 1933)
2006 – Jon Nödtveidt, Swedish vocalist (b. 1975)
2006 – Payao Poontarat, Thai boxer (b. 1957)
2007 – Brian Adams, American professional wrestler (b. 1964)
2007 – Brooke Astor, American philanthropist (b. 1902)
2007 – Yone Minagawa, Japanese supercentenarian (b. 1893)
2007 – Phil Rizzuto, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1917)
2008 – Bill Gwatney, American political figure (b. 1959)
2008 – Dino Toso, American Formula 1 engineer (b. 1969)
2008 – Jack Weil, American businessman (b. 1901)
2008 – Sandy Allen, American tallest woman in the world (b. 1955)
2008 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician (b. 1904)
2009 – Les Paul, American guitarist, songwriter and inventor (b. 1915)
2010 – Panagiotis Bahramis, Greek footballer (b. 1976)
2010 – Lance Cade, American professional wrestler (b. 1981)
2010 – Edwin Newman, American broadcast journalist (b. 1919)
2011 – Topi Sorsakoski, Finnish musician (b. 1952)