Laura Nyro (October 18, 1947 – April 8, 1997) was an American songwriter, singer, and pianist. She achieved critical acclaim with her own recordings, particularly the albums Eli and the Thirteenth Confession and New York Tendaberry, and had commercial success with artists such as Barbra Streisand and The 5th Dimension recording her songs. Her style was a hybrid of Brill Building-style New York pop, jazz, gospel, rhythm and blues, show tunes, rock and soul.
On April 14, 2012, Laura Nyro was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Events
- 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philosopher, observes an eclipse of the sun and writes a commentary on The Great Astronomer (Almagest).
- 1009 – The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the Church's foundations down to bedrock.
- 1016 – The Danes defeat the Saxons in the Battle of Ashingdon.
- 1081 – The Normans defeat the Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Dyrrhachium.
- 1210 – Pope Innocent III excommunicates German leader Otto IV.
- 1356 – Basel earthquake, the most significant historic seismological event north of the Alps, destroys the town of Basel, Switzerland.
- 1386 – Opening of the University of Heidelberg.
- 1540 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto's forces destroy the fortified town of Mabila in present-day Alabama, killing Tuskaloosa.
- 1599 – Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia, defeats the Army of Andrew Bathory in the Battle of Selimbar, leading to the first recorded unification of the Romanian people.
- 1648 – Boston Shoemakers form first U.S. labor organization.
- 1748 – Signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession.
- 1775 – African-American poet Phillis Wheatley freed from slavery.
- 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The Burning of Falmouth (now Portland, Maine) prompts the Continental Congress to establish the Continental Navy.
- 1779 – American Revolutionary War: The Franco-American Siege of Savannah is lifted.
- 1797 – Treaty of Campo Formio is signed between France and Austria
- 1851 – Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is first published as The Whale by Richard Bentley of London.
- 1860 – The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
- 1867 – United States takes possession of Alaska after purchasing it from Russia for $7.2 million. Celebrated annually in the state as Alaska Day.
- 1898 – United States takes possession of Puerto Rico.
- 1912 – First Balkan War: Peter I of Serbia issues a declaration "To the Serbian People", as Serbia joins the war.
- 1914 – The Schoenstatt Movement is founded in Germany.
- 1921 – The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is formed as part of the RSFSR.
- 1922 – The British Broadcasting Company (later Corporation) is founded by a consortium, to establish a nationwide network of radio transmitters to provide a national broadcasting service.
- 1929 – The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council overrules the Supreme Court of Canada in Edwards v. Canada when it declares that women are considered "Persons" under Canadian law.
- 1944 – Soviet Union begins liberation of Czechoslovakia.
- 1945 – The USSR's nuclear program receives plans for the United States plutonium bomb from Klaus Fuchs at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
- 1945 – A group of the Venezuelan Armed Forces, led by Mario Vargas, Marcos Pérez Jiménez and Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, stages a coup d'état against then president Isaías Medina Angarita, who is overthrown by the end of the day.
- 1945 – Argentine military officer and politician Juan Perón marries actress Eva Perón.
- 1954 – Texas Instruments announces the first Transistor radio.
- 1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair closes for its first season after a six-month run.
- 1967 – The Soviet probe Venera 4 reaches Venus and becomes the first spacecraft to measure the atmosphere of another planet.
- 1968 – The U.S. Olympic Committee suspends Tommie Smith and John Carlos for giving a "black power" salute during a victory ceremony at the Mexico City games.
- 1977 – German Autumn: a set of events revolving around the kidnapping of Hanns-Martin Schleyer and the hijacking of a Lufthansa flight by the Red Army Faction (RAF) comes to an end when Schleyer is murdered and various RAF members allegedly commit suicide.
- 1991 – The Supreme Council of Azerbaijan adopts a declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.
- 2003 – Bolivian Gas War: President Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, is forced to resign and leave Bolivia.
- 2004 – Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the State Peace and Development Council on charges of corruption.
- 2007 – Karachi bombings: A suicide attack on a motorcade carrying former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto kills 139 and wounds 450 more. Bhutto herself is not injured.
Births
- 1127 – Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (d. 1192)
- 1405 – Pope Pius II (d. 1464)
- 1517 – Manuel da Nóbrega, Portuguese priest (d. 1570)
- 1547 – Justus Lipsius, Belgian philologist and humanist (d. 1606)
- 1569 – Giambattista Marino, Italian poet (d. 1625)
- 1595 – Edward Winslow, English politician (d. 1655)
- 1634 – Luca Giordano, Italian painter (d. 1705)
- 1653 – Abraham van Riebeeck, South African-Dutch politician, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d. 1713)
- 1662 – Matthew Henry, English minister (d. 1714)
- 1663 – Prince Eugene of Savoy (d. 1736)
- 1668 – John George IV, Elector of Saxony (d. 1694)
- 1679 – Ann Putnam, Jr., American witness in the Salem witch trials (d. 1716)
- 1701 – Charles le Beau, French historian (d. 1778)
- 1706 – Baldassare Galuppi, Italian composer (d. 1785)
- 1741 – Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French general and author (d. 1803)
- 1777 – Heinrich von Kleist, German author and poet (d. 1811)
- 1785 – Thomas Love Peacock, English author and poet (d. 1866)
- 1804 – Mongkut, Thai king (d. 1868)
- 1831 – Frederick III, German Emperor (d. 1888)
- 1836 – Frederick August Otto Schwarz, American businessman, founded FAO Schwarz (d. 1911)
- 1854 – Billy Murdoch, Australian cricketer (d. 1911)
- 1859 – Henri Bergson, French philosopher, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
- 1862 – Mehmet Esat Bülkat, Ottoman general (d. 1952)
- 1865 – Arie de Jong, Dutch linguist (d. 1957)
- 1865 – Logan Pearsall Smith, American essayist and critic (d. 1946)
- 1868 – Ernst Didring, Swedish author (d. 1931)
- 1870 – Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki, Japanese scholar (d. 1966)
- 1872 – Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian poet and author (d. 1936)
- 1873 – Ivanoe Bonomi, Italian politician, 25th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1951)
- 1882 – Lucien Petit-Breton, Argentine-French cyclist (d. 1917)
- 1884 – Hugo Goetz, American swimmer (d. 1972)
- 1893 – George Ohsawa, Japanese philosopher (d. 1966)
- 1894 – H. L. Davis, American author (d. 1960)
- 1894 – Tibor Déry, Hungarian author (d. 1977)
- 1897 – Isabel Briggs Myers, American author and theorist (d. 1980)
- 1898 – Lotte Lenya, Austrian singer and actress (d. 1981)
- 1902 – Miriam Hopkins, American actress (d. 1972)
- 1902 – Pascual Jordan, German physicist (d. 1980)
- 1903 – Lina Radke, German runner (d. 1983)
- 1904 – A. J. Liebling, American journalist (d. 1963)
- 1904 – Haim Shirman, Russian-Israeli academic (d. 1981)
- 1905 – Jan Gies, Dutch activist, husband of Miep Gies (d. 1993)
- 1905 – Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Ivorian politician, 1st President of Côte d'Ivoire (d. 1993)
- 1906 – James Brooks, American painter (d. 1992)
- 1909 – Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher and theorist (d. 2004)
- 1914 – Raymond Lambert, Swiss mountaineer (d. 1997)
- 1915 – Victor Sen Yung, American actor (d. 1980)
- 1918 – Molly Geertsema, Dutch politician (d. 1991)
- 1918 – Konstantinos Mitsotakis, Greek politician, Prime Minister of Greece
- 1918 – Bobby Troup, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (d. 1999)
- 1919 – Ric Nordman, Canadian politician (d. 1996)
- 1919 – Anita O'Day, American singer (d. 2006)
- 1919 – Pierre Trudeau, Canadian politician, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2000)
- 1919 – Camilla Williams, American soprano (d. 2012)
- 1920 – Melina Mercouri, Greek actress, singer, and politician (d. 1994)
- 1921 – Jesse Helms, American politician (d. 2008)
- 1923 – Jessie Mae Hemphill, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2008)
- 1924 – Buddy MacMaster, Canadian singer-songwriter and fiddler
- 1925 – Ramiz Alia, Albanian politician, 1st President of Albania {d. 2011}
- 1926 – Chuck Berry, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1926 – Klaus Kinski, German actor (d. 1991)
- 1927 – George C. Scott, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1928 – Keith Jackson, American sportscaster
- 1929 – Violeta Chamorro, Nicaraguan publisher and politician, President of Nicaragua
- 1929 – Hillard Elkins, American theatre and film producer (d. 2010)
- 1929 – Kees Fens, Dutch critic (d. 2008)
- 1931 – Chris Albertson, American journalist and historian
- 1931 – Ien Dales, Dutch politician (d. 1994)
- 1932 – Vytautas Landsbergis, Lithuanian politician
- 1933 – Forrest Gregg, American football player
- 1934 – Calvin Lockhart, Bahamian-American actor (d. 2007)
- 1934 – Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (d. 1970)
- 1934 – Chuck Swindoll, American pastor, author, and educator
- 1935 – Peter Boyle, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1938 – Dawn Wells, American actress
- 1939 – Flavio Cotti, Swiss jurist
- 1939 – Mike Ditka, American football player and coach
- 1939 – Ted Boy Marino, Italian-Brazilian wrestler and actor (d. 2012)
- 1939 – Lee Harvey Oswald, American assassin of John F. Kennedy (d. 1963)
- 1940 – Cynthia Weil, American songwriter
- 1943 – Birthe Rønn Hornbech, Danish politician
- 1945 – Yildo, Turkish footballer
- 1945 – Huell Howser, American television host
- 1945 – Chris Shays, American politician
- 1946 – James Robert Baker, American author and screenwriter (d. 1997)
- 1946 – Frank Beamer, American football player and coach
- 1946 – Howard Shore, Canadian composer
- 1947 – Paul Chuckle, English comedian and actor
- 1947 – Job Cohen, Dutch politician, Mayor of Amsterdam
- 1947 – Joe Morton, American actor
- 1947 – Laura Nyro, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1997)
- 1948 – Hans Köchler, Austrian philosopher
- 1948 – Ntozake Shange, American author
- 1949 – Joe Egan, Scottish singer-songwriter (Stealers Wheel)
- 1949 – George Hendrick, American baseball player
- 1949 – Gary Richrath, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer (REO Speedwagon)
- 1950 – Om Puri, Indian actor
- 1950 – Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright (d. 2006)
- 1950 – Sheila White, English actress
- 1951 – Mike Antonovich, American ice hockey player and coach
- 1951 – Pam Dawber, American actress
- 1951 – Terry McMillan, American author
- 1952 – Patrick Morrow, Canadian mountaineer
- 1952 – Chuck Lorre, American scriptwriter, director, and producer
- 1952 – Bao Ninh, Vietnamese author
- 1952 – Jerry Royster, American baseball player
- 1953 – Loes Luca, Dutch actress and singer
- 1954 – Liz Burch, Australian actress
- 1954 – Arliss Howard, American actor
- 1955 – Jean-Pierre Hautier, Belgian television host (d. 2012)
- 1955 – Vanessa Briscoe Hay, American singer-songwriter (Pylon and Supercluster)
- 1955 – Timmy Mallett, English radio and television host
- 1955 – David Twohy, American director and screenwriter
- 1955 – Rita Verdonk, Dutch politician
- 1956 – Craig Bartlett, American animator
- 1956 – Martina Navrátilová, Czech-American tennis player
- 1956 – Jim Talent, American politician
- 1957 – Jon Lindstrom, American actor
- 1957 – Catherine Ringer, French singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress (Les Rita Mitsouko)
- 1958 – Stacy Allison, American mountaineer
- 1958 – Corinne Bohrer, American actress
- 1958 – Thomas Hearns, American boxer
- 1958 – Kjell Samuelsson, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1959 – Kirby Chambliss, American pilot
- 1959 – Milco Mancevski, Macedonian director and screenwriter
- 1959 – John Nord, American wrestler
- 1959 – Chris Russo, American radio host
- 1960 – Erin Moran, American actress
- 1960 – Jean-Claude Van Damme, Belgian martial artist, actor, and director
- 1961 – Wynton Marsalis, American trumpet player, composer, and educator
- 1961 – Rick Moody, American author
- 1962 – Min Ko Naing, Burmese activist
- 1962 – Vincent Spano, American actor
- 1964 – Dan Lilker, American singer-songwriter and bass player (Anthrax, Stormtroopers of Death, Nuclear Assault, Exit-13, and Brutal Truth)
- 1964 – Charles Stross, English author
- 1965 – Zakir Naik, Indian surgeon
- 1965 – Curtis Stigers, American singer-songwriter and musician
- 1966 – Dave Price, American journalist and weatherman
- 1966 – Slavi Trifonov, Bulgarian actor and singer
- 1966 – Angela Visser, Dutch model and actress, Miss Universe 1989
- 1967 – Eric Stuart, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and voice actor
- 1968 – Michael Stich, German tennis player
- 1969 – Volker Neumüller, German talent manager
- 1969 – Nelson Vivas, Argentine footballer
- 1970 – Doug Mirabelli, American baseball player
- 1970 – José Padilla, American terrorist
- 1970 – Mike Starink, Dutch television host and actor
- 1972 – Alex Tagliani, Canadian race car driver
- 1973 – Michalis Kapsis, Greek footballer
- 1973 – Brian Scolaro, American comedian, actor, and producer
- 1974 – Candy Lo, Hong Kong singer-songwriter and actress
- 1974 – Robbie Savage, Welsh footballer
- 1974 – Peter Svensson, Swedish guitarist and songwriter (The Cardigans)
- 1975 – Baby Bash, American rapper
- 1975 – Alex Cora, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1976 – Zhou Xun, Chinese actress and singer
- 1977 – Ryan Nelsen, New Zealand footballer
- 1977 – David Vuillemin, French motorcycle racer
- 1978 – Jake Farrow, American actor
- 1978 – Wesley Jonathan, American actor
- 1978 – Jaime Koeppe, Canadian fitness expert
- 1978 – Mike Tindall, English rugby player
- 1978 – Priyanka Trivedi, Indian actress
- 1978 – Jyothika, Indian actress
- 1978 – Kenji Wu, Taiwanese singer-songwriter and actor
- 1979 – Jaroslav Drobný, Czech footballer
- 1979 – 'Ana Po'uhila, Tongan shot putter
- 1979 – Ne-Yo, American singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
- 1980 – Josh Gracin, American singer
- 1981 – Tina Hergold, Slovenian tennis player
- 1981 – Greg Warren, American football player
- 1982 – Thierry Amiel, French singer-songwriter
- 1982 – Michael Dingsdag, Dutch footballer
- 1983 – Dante Bonfim Costa Santos, Brazilian footballer
- 1984 – Robert Harting, German discus thrower
- 1984 – Freida Pinto, Indian actress and model
- 1984 – Esperanza Spalding, American singer-songwriter and bassist
- 1984 – Lindsey Vonn, American skier
- 1985 – Andrew Garcia, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1986 – Wilma Elles, German actress
- 1987 – Zac Efron, American actor and singer
- 1987 – Freja Beha Erichsen, Danish model
- 1989 – Joy Lauren, American actress
- 1990 – Bristol Palin, American author
- 1990 – Carly Schroeder, American actress
- 1991 – Roly Bonevacia, Dutch footballer
- 1991 – Tyler Posey, American actor
- 1998 – Julia Wróblewska, Polish actress
Deaths
- 325 – Emperor Ming of Jin (b. 299)
- 1035 – Sancho III of Navarre (b. 992)
- 1101 – Hugh I, Count of Vermandois (b. 1053)
- 1141 – Leopold, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1108)
- 1382 – James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond, Irish politician (b. 1331)
- 1417 – Pope Gregory XII (b. 1326)
- 1480 – Uhwudong, Korean dancer and poet (b. 1440)
- 1503 – Pope Pius III (b. 1439)
- 1541 – Margaret Tudor, English wife of James IV of Scotland (b. 1489)
- 1545 – John Taverner, English composer and organist (b. 1490)
- 1558 – Mary of Hungary (b. 1505)
- 1564 – Johannes Acronius Frisius, German physician and mathematician (b. 1520)
- 1570 – Manuel da Nóbrega, Portuguese priest (b. 1517)
- 1604 – Igram van Achelen, Dutch statesman (b. 1528)
- 1646 – Isaac Jogues, French missionary and priest (b. 1607)
- 1667 – Fasilides, Ethiopian emperor (b. 1603)
- 1678 – Jacob Jordaens, Flemish painter (b. 1593)
- 1739 – António José da Silva, Brazilian-Portuguese playwright (b. 1705)
- 1744 – Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough (b. 1660)
- 1770 – John Manners, Marquess of Granby, English soldier (b. 1721)
- 1775 – Christian August Crusius, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1715)
- 1817 – Etienne Nicolas Méhul, French composer (b. 1763)
- 1871 – Charles Babbage, English mathematician and engineer, invented the mechanical computer (b. 1791)
- 1865 – Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1784)
- 1886 – Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician (b. 1796)
- 1889 – Antonio Meucci, Italian-American inventor (b. 1808)
- 1892 – William W. Chapman, American politician (b. 1808)
- 1893 – Charles Gounod, French composer (b. 1818)
- 1911 – Alfred Binet, French psychologist (b. 1857)
- 1921 – Ludwig III of Bavaria (b. 1845)
- 1931 – Thomas Edison, American inventor, invented the light bulb (b. 1847)
- 1932 – Ioannis Chrysafis, Greek gymnast (b. 1873)
- 1941 – Manuel Teixeira Gomes, Portuguese politician, 7th President of Portugal (b. 1860)
- 1942 – Mikhail Nesterov, Russian painter (b. 1862)
- 1948 – Walther von Brauchitsch, German field marshal (b. 1881)
- 1959 – Boughera El Ouafi, French runner (b. 1898)
- 1961 – Tsuru Aoki, Japanese-American actress (b. 1892)
- 1965 – Henry Travers, English actor (b. 1874)
- 1965 – Larry Thorne, American soldier (b. 1919)
- 1966 – Elizabeth Arden, Canadian-American businesswoman, founded Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (b. 1878)
- 1966 – S. S. Kresge, American businessman, founded Kmart (b. 1867)
- 1973 – Margaret Caroline Anderson, American publisher, founded The Little Review (b. 1886)
- 1973 – Walt Kelly, American cartoonist (b. 1913)
- 1973 – Leo Strauss, German-American philosopher (b. 1899)
- 1975 – Al Lettieri, American actor (b. 1928)
- 1976 – Viswanatha Satyanarayana, Indian poet (b. 1895)
- 1977 – Red Army Faction Stammheim Prison suicides
- Andreas Baader, German left-wing militant leader (b. 1943)
- Gudrun Ensslin, German left-wing militant leader (b. 1940)
- Jan-Carl Raspe, German left-wing militant (b. 1944)
- 1978 – Ramón Mercader, Spanish assassin of Leon Trotsky (b. 1914)
- 1982 – Dwain Esper, American director (b. 1892)
- 1982 – Pierre Mendès France, French politician, Prime Minister of France (b. 1907)
- 1982 – John Robarts, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Premier of Ontario (b. 1917)
- 1982 – Bess Truman, American wife of Harry S. Truman, 35th First Lady of the United States (b. 1885)
- 1983 – Diego Abad de Santillán, Spanish economist and author (b. 1897)
- 1983 – Willie Jones, American baseball player (b. 1925)
- 1984 – Jon-Erik Hexum, American actor (b. 1957)
- 1984 – Henri Michaux, French painter and poet (b. 1899)
- 1987 – Adriaan Ditvoorst, Dutch director and screenwriter (b. 1940)
- 1988 – Frederick Ashton, Ecuadorian dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
- 2000 – Julie London, American singer and actress (b. 1926)
- 2000 – Gwen Verdon, American dancer and actress (b. 1925)
- 2002 – Roman Tam, Hong Kong singer and actor (Roman and the Four Steps) (b. 1950)
- 2003 – Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Spanish journalist, author, and critic (b. 1939)
- 2003 – Preston Smith, American politician, 40th Governor of Texas (b. 1912)
- 2004 – Veerappan, Indian criminal and murderer (b. 1945)
- 2005 – John Hollis, English actor (b. 1931)
- 2005 – Johnny Haynes, English footballer (b. 1934)
- 2005 – Bill King, American sportscaster (b. 1927)
- 2006 – Mario Francesco Pompedda, Italian cardinal (b. 1929)
- 2006 – Anna Russell, English-Canadian singer and actress (b. 1911)
- 2007 – Alan Coren, English journalist and author (b. 1938)
- 2007 – William J. Crowe, American admiral and diplomat (b. 1925)
- 2007 – Vincent DeDomenico, American businessman, founded the Napa Valley Wine Train (b. 1915)
- 2007 – Lucky Dube, South African singer-songwriter (b. 1964)
- 2008 – Dee Dee Warwick, American singer (b. 1945)
- 2009 – Adriaan Kortlandt, Dutch ethologist (b. 1918)
- 2010 – Marion Brown, American saxophonist (b. 1931)
- 2012 – E. K. Fretwell, American academic (b. 1923)
- 2012 – Marvin Lambert, American wrestler (b. 1977)
- 2012 – Mihály Lukács, Hungarian politician (b. 1954)
- 2012 – Thomas Madigage, South African footballer and coach (b. 1970)
- 2012 – Slater Martin, American basketball player and coach (b. 1925)
- 2012 – George Mattos, American pole vaulter (b. 1929)
- 2012 – Albert Lee Ueltschi, American pilot, founded FlightSafety International (b. 1917)
- 2012 – David S. Ware, American saxophonist (b. 1949)
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