today.nukz.net: Almanac October 9

John Alec Entwistle (9 October 1944 – 27 June 2002) was an English bass guitarist, songwriter, singer, horn player, and film and record producer who was best known as the bass player for the rock band The Who. His aggressive lead sound influenced many rock bass players. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Who in 1990.

Entwistle's lead instrument approach used pentatonic lead lines, and a then-unusual trebly sound ("full treble, full volume") created by roundwound RotoSound steel bass strings. He had a collection of over 200 instruments by the time of his death, reflecting the different brands he used over his career: Fender, Danelectro, and Rickenbacker basses in the 1960s, Gibson and Alembic basses in the 1970s, Warwick in the 1980s, and Status all-Carbon fibre basses in the 1990s. In 2011, a Rolling Stone reader poll selected him as the No. 1 rock bassist of all time.

Events

768 – Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks.
1238 – James I of Aragon conquers Valencia and founds the Kingdom of Valencia.
1264 – The Kingdom of Castile conquers the city of Jerez that was under Muslim occupation since 711.
1446 – The hangul alphabet is published in Korea.
1514 – Marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor.
1558 – Mérida is founded in Venezuela.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1595 – The Spanish army captures Cambrai.
1604 – Supernova 1604, the most recent supernova to be observed in the Milky Way.
1635 – Founder of Rhode Island Roger Williams is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a religious dissident after he speaks out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.
1701 – The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
1708 – Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
1740 – Dutch colonists and various slave groups begin massacring ethnic Chinese in Batavia, eventually killing 10,000 and leading to a two-year-long war throughout Java.
1760 – Seven Years' War: Russian forces occupy Berlin.
1771 – The Dutch merchant ship Vrouw Maria sinks near the coast of Finland.
1799 – Sinking of HMS Lutine, with the loss of 240 men and a cargo worth £1,200,000.
1804 – Hobart, capital of Tasmania, is founded.
1806 – Prussia declares war on France.
1812 – War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships: HMS Detroit and HMS Caledonia.
1820 – Guayaquil declares independence from Spain.
1824 – Slavery is abolished in Costa Rica.
1831 – Capo d'Istria, the first head of state of independent Greece is assassinated.
1834 – Opening of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, the first public railway on the island of Ireland.
1845 – The eminent and controversial Anglican, John Henry Newman, is received into the Roman Catholic Church.
1854 – Crimean War: The siege of Sebastopol begins.
1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Santa Rosa Island – Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Tom's Brook – Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces at Tom's Brook, Virginia.
1873 – A meeting at the U.S. Naval Academy establishes the U.S. Naval Institute.
1874 – General Postal Union is created as a result of the Treaty of Berne.
1888 – The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
1907 – Las Cruces, New Mexico is incorporated.
1911 – An accidental bomb explosion in Hankou, Wuhan, China leads to the ultimate fall of the Qing Empire
1913 – Steamship SS Volturno catches fire in the mid-Atlantic.
1914 – World War I: Siege of Antwerp – Antwerp, Belgium falls to German troops.
1919 – Black Sox scandal: The Cincinnati Reds win the World Series.
1934 – Regicide at Marseille: The assassination of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Louis Barthou, Foreign Minister of France.
1936 – Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to generate electricity from the Colorado River and transmit it 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain – During a night-time air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral in the City of London, England is hit by a bomb.
1941 – A coup in Panama declares Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango the new president.
1942 – Statute of Westminster 1931 formalises Australian autonomy.
1942 – The last day of the October Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps forces withdraw back across the Matanikau River after destroying most of the Imperial Japanese Army's 4th Infantry Regiment.
1945 – Parade in NYC for Fleet Admiral Nimitz and 13 USN/USMC Medal of Honor recipients
1950 – Goyang Geumjeong Cave Massacre started.
1962 – Uganda becomes an independent Commonwealth realm.
1963 – In northeast Italy, over 2,000 people are killed when a large landslide behind the Vajont Dam causes a giant wave of water to overtop it.
1966 – Vietnam War: Binh Tai massacre
1966 – Vietnam War: Dien Nien-Phuoc Binh massacre
1967 – A day after being captured, Marxist revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
1969 – In Chicago, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection with the trial of the "Chicago Eight" that began on September 24.
1970 – The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
1981 – Abolition of capital punishment in France.
1983 – Rangoon bombing: attempted assassination of South Korean President Chun Doo-hwan during an official visit to Rangoon, Burma. Chun survives but the blast kills 17 of his entourage, including four cabinet ministers, and injures 17 others. Four Burmese officials also die in the blast.
1986 – The musical The Phantom of the Opera has its first performance at Her Majesty's Theatre in London.
1989 – An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.
1991 – Ecuador becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1992 – A 13 kilogram (est.) fragment of the Peekskill meteorite lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu
1995 – An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.
1999 – The last flight of the SR-71.
2001 – Second mailing of anthrax letters from Trenton, New Jersey in the 2001 anthrax attack.
2003 – Mission: SPACE opens to the public in the Epcot park at Walt Disney World. The opening ceremony included several astronauts from all eras of space exploration.
2006 – North Korea allegedly tests its first nuclear device.
2009 – First lunar impact of the Centaur and LCROSS spacecrafts as part of NASA's Lunar Precursor Robotic Program.

Births

1201 – Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne (d. 1274)
1221 – Salimbene di Adam, Italian chronicler (d. c. 1290)
1261 – King Dinis of Portugal (d. 1325)
1328 – King Peter I of Cyprus (d. 1369)
1581 – Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician (d. 1638)
1586 – Archduke Leopold V of Austria (d. 1632)
1704 – Johann Andreas Segner, German mathematician, physicist, and physician (d. 1777)
1757 – King Charles X of France (d. 1836)
1796 – Joseph Bonomi the Younger, English Egyptologist (d. 1878)
1835 – Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer (d. 1921)
1837 – Francis Wayland Parker, American progressive educational theorist (d. 1902)
1840 – Simeon Solomon, British artist (d. 1905)
1852 – Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
1855 – Paul Wiesner, German sailor (d. 1930)
1859 – Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer (d. 1935)
1871 – Georges Gauthier, French-Canadian Catholic bishop (d. 1940)
1871 – Didak Buntic, Croatian monk and scholar (d. 1922)
1873 – Karl Schwarzschild, German physicist and astronomer (d. 1916)
1873 – Charles Walgreen, American entrepreneur (d. 1939)
1873 – Carl Flesch, Hungarian violinist (d. 1944)
1874 – Nicholas Roerich, Russian painter (d. 1947)
1879 – Max von Laue, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
1886 – Rube Marquard, American baseball player (d. 1980)
1888 – Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin, Russian politician (d. 1938)
1888 – Irving Cummings, American actor and film director (d. 1959)
1890 – Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (d. 1944)
1892 – Ivo Andric, Yugoslav writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1975)
1892 – Marina Tsvetaeva, Russian poet (d. 1941)
1893 – Mário de Andrade, Brazilian writer and photographer (d. 1945)
1900 – Joseph Friedman, American inventor (d. 1982)
1900 – Alastair Sim, Scottish actor (d. 1976)
1902 – Freddie Young, British cinematographer (d. 1998)
1903 – Walter O'Malley, American baseball executive (d. 1979)
1906 – Léopold Sédar Senghor, Senegalese poet and politician (d. 2001)
1906 – J. R. Eyerman, American photographer and photojournalist (d. 1985)
1907 – Quintin Hogg, British politician (d. 2001)
1907 – Jacques Tati, French filmmaker (d. 1982)
1907 – Horst Wessel, German Nazi and songwriter (d. 1930)
1908 – Harry Hooton, Australian poet (d. 1961)
1908 – Werner von Haeften, German officer and Hitler assassination conspirator (d. 1944)
1908 – Lee Wiley, American jazz singer (d. 1975)
1909 – Donald Coggan, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 2000)
1911 – Joe Rosenthal, American photographer (d. 2006)
1914 – Edward Andrews, American actor (d. 1985)
1915 – Clifford M. Hardin, 17th United States Secretary of Agriculture (d. 2010)
1918 – E. Howard Hunt, American Watergate figure (d. 2007)
1918 – Lila Kedrova, Russian actress (d. 2000)
1919 – Belva Plain, American novelist (d. 2010)
1920 – Jens Bjørneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)
1920 – Yusef Lateef, American jazz multi-instrumentalist, composer, and educator
1921 – Michel Boisrond, French film director (d. 2002)
1922 – Léon Dion, Quebec political scientist (d. 1997)
1922 – Fyvush Finkel, American actor
1923 – Donald Sinden, English actor
1925 – Johnny Stompanato, American organized crime figure (d. 1958)
1926 – Danièle Delorme, French actress
1928 – Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer
1931 – Tony Booth, British actor
1931 – Homer Smith, American football coach (d. 2011)
1933 – Peter Mansfield, British physicist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate
1933 – Judy Tyler, American actress (d. 1957)
1934 – Jill Ker Conway, Australian-born American author
1934 – Abdullah Ibrahim, South African pianist and composer
1935 – Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, member of the British Royal Family
1937 – Brian Blessed, English actor
1938 – Heinz Fischer, Austrian politician
1939 – O. V. Wright, American soul singer (d. 1980)
1940 – Gordon Humphrey, American politician
1940 – John Lennon, British musician and songwriter (The Beatles) (d. 1980)
1940 – Joe Pepitone, American baseball player
1941 – Trent Lott, American politician
1941 – Brian Lamb, American television executive
1941 – Chucho Valdés, Cuban musician
1941 – Karam ud Din, Pakistani Navy officer (d. 2008)
1943 – Mike Peters, American cartoonist
1943 – Douglas Kirby, American teenage behavior researcher
1943 – Jimmy Montgomery, English footballer
1944 – John Entwistle, British musician (The Who) (d. 2002)
1944 – Nona Hendryx, American singer (Labelle)
1945 – Taiguara, Brazilian musician (d. 1996)
1946 – Tansu Çiller, Prime Minister of Turkey
1947 – France Gall, French singer
1947 – William E. McAnulty, Jr., American lawyer (d. 2007)
1947 – Tony Zappone, American broadcaster and journalist
1948 – Jackson Browne, American musician
1948 – Dave Samuels, American vibraphonist
1950 – Jody Williams, American teacher and aid worker, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1950 – Brian Downing, American baseball player
1950 – Reichi Nakaido, Japanese rock guitarist
1952 – Sharon Osbourne, English music manager and wife of Ozzy Osbourne
1953 – Tony Shalhoub, American actor
1954 – Scott Bakula, American actor
1954 – James Fearnley, English musician (The Pogues)
1954 – Anne-Marie Goumba, African politician
1954 – John O'Hurley, American actor and game show host
1955 – Linwood Boomer, Canadian writer
1957 – Don Garber, American sports commissioner
1957 – Ini Kamoze, Jamaican reggae singer
1958 – Michael Pare, American actor
1958 – Al Jourgensen, American musician (Ministry)
1958 – Mike Singletary, American football player
1959 – Michael Cobley, English-born Scottish writer
1960 – Kenny Garrett, American jazz saxophonist
1960 – Maddie Blaustein, American actress (d. 2008)
1961 – Julian Bailey, British racing driver
1961 – Gyula Hajszán, Hungarian footballer
1962 – Jorge Burruchaga, Argentinian footballer
1962 – Onokuni Yasushi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 62nd Yokozuna
1964 – Guillermo del Toro, Mexican film director
1964 – John Ralston, Canadian actor
1965 – Jimbo Fisher, American college football coach
1966 – Christopher Östlund, Swedish publisher and entrepreneur
1966 – David Cameron, British Prime Minister
1967 – Carling Bassett-Seguso, Canadian tennis player
1967 – Eddie Guerrero, American professional wrestler (d. 2005)
1968 – Troy Anthony Davis, American high-profile death row inmate and human rights activist (d. 2011)
1969 – P.J. Harvey, English musician
1969 – Christine Hough, Canadian figure skater
1969 – Giles Martin, British record producer
1970 – Kenny Anderson, American basketball player
1970 – Steve Jablonsky, American music composer
1970 – Jason Butler Harner, American actor
1970 – Park Sang-min, South Korean actor
1970 – Savannah, American pornographic actress (d. 1994)
1970 – Annika Sörenstam, Swedish golfer
1971 – Simon Atlee, British photographer (d. 2004)
1971 – Jason Jones, American filmmaker
1971 – Michael Manna, American professional wrestler
1972 – Sarah Vandenbergh, Australian actor
1972 – Audie England, American actress
1973 – Terry Balsamo, American guitarist (Evanescence)
1973 – Steven Burns, American actor and musician
1973 – Erin Daniels, American actress
1973 – Fabio Lione, Italian musician (Rhapsody)
1973 – Carlos Pavón, Honduran footballer
1974 – Shmuel Herzfeld, American Rabbi
1974 – Kieren Hutchison, New Zealand actor
1975 – Sean Lennon, American musician
1975 – Rale Micic, Serbian musician
1975 – Mark Viduka, Australian footballer
1976 – Nick Swardson, American actor
1976 – Lee Peacock, Scottish footballer
1976 – Sam Riegel, American voice actor, writer and director
1977 – Brian Roberts, American baseball player
1977 – Emanuele Belardi, Italian footballer
1977 – Yaki Kadafi, American Rapper (Outlawz) (d. 1996)
1978 – Nicky Byrne, Irish musician (Westlife)
1978 – Juan Dixon, American basketball player
1978 – Rossa, Indonesian singer
1979 – Alex Greenwald, American musician (Phantom Planet)
1979 – Chris O'Dowd, Irish actor and former Gaelic footballer
1979 – Todd Kelly, Australian racing driver
1979 – Brandon Routh, American actor
1979 – Gonzalo Sorondo, Uruguayan footballer
1980 – Ibrahim Fazeel, Maldivian footballer
1980 – Henrik Zetterberg, Swedish ice hockey player
1981 – Zachery Ty Bryan, American actor
1981 – Darius Miles, American basketball player
1982 – António Mendonça, Angolan footballer
1982 – Shi Jun, Chinese footballer
1983 – Stephen Gionta, American ice hockey player
1983 – Spencer Grammer, American actress
1983 – Jang Mi-Ran, South Korean weightlifter
1983 – Andreas Zuber, Austrian racing driver
1984 – Ghetto, British musician
1984 – Djamel Mesbah, Algerian footballer
1986 – Derek Holland, American baseball player (pitcher)
1986 – Laure Manaudou, French swimmer
1987 – Bill Walker, American basketball player
1992 – Tyler James Williams, American actor
1993 – Lauren Davis, American tennis player
1993 – Sarah Lahbati, Filipina television actress
1993 – Jhoana Marie Tan, Filipina television actress
1993 – Scotty McCreery, American singer
1994 – Jodelle Ferland, Canadian actress

Deaths

1047 – Pope Clement II (b. 1005)
1253 – Robert Grosseteste, English statesman and bishop
1273 – Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany
1390 – King John I of Castile (b. 1358)
1555 – Justus Jonas, German Protestant reformer (b. 1493)
1562 – Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist and early advocate for the use of condoms. (b. 1523)
1569 – Vladimir of Staritsa, Russian prince (b. 1533)
1581 – Saint Louis Bertrand, Spanish Dominican and missionary (b. 1526)
1597 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Japanese shogun (b. 1537)
1691 – William Sacheverell, English statesman (b. 1638)
1709 – Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland, English mistress of Charles II of England (b. 1640)
1729 – Richard Blackmore, English physician and writer (b. 1654)
1793 – Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, French missionary (b. 1718)
1797 – Vilna Gaon, Lithuanian rabbi (b. 1720)
1806 – Benjamin Banneker, American astronomer (b. 1731)
1808 – John Claiborne, U.S. politician (b. 1777)
1831 – Ioannis Kapodistrias, Governor of Greece (b. 1776)
1873 – George Ormerod, English historian and antiquarian (b. 1785)
1897 – Jan Heemskerk, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1818)
1900 – Heinrich von Herzogenberg, Austrian composer and conductor (b. 1843)
1924 – Valery Bryusov, Russian writer and critic (b. 1873)
1934 – King Alexander I of Yugoslavia (assassinated) (b. 1888)
1934 – Louis Barthou, Prime Minister of France (assassinated) (b. 1862)
1937 – Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1868)
1940 – Wilfred Grenfell, English medical missionary to Newfoundland and Labrador (b. 1865).
1941 – Helen Morgan, American singer and actress (b. 1900)
1943 – Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
1946 – Frank Castleman, American sportsman (b. 1877)
1950 – George Hainsworth, National Hockey League goaltender (b. 1895)
1953 – Jimmy Finlayson, Scottish-American actor (b. 1887)
1955 – Theodor Innitzer, Austrian cardinal (b. 1875)
1956 – Marie Doro, American actress (b. 1882)
1958 – Pope Pius XII Eugenio Pacelli, (b. 1876)
1959 – Shiro Ishii, Japanese military microbiologist, head of Unit 731 (b. 1892)
1962 – Milan Vidmar, Slovenian electrical engineer and chess player (b. 1885)
1967 – Ernesto 'Che' Guevara, Argentine revolutionary and guerrilla leader (executed) (b. 1928)
1967 – Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
1967 – André Maurois, French author (b. 1885)
1968 – Pierre Mulele, Congolese revolutionary (b. 1929)
1972 – Miriam Hopkins, American actress (b. 1902)
1974 – Oskar Schindler, Sudeten German businessman (b. 1908)
1976 – Walter Warlimont, German General WWII (b. 1894)
1978 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer and actor (b. 1929)
1985 – Emílio Garrastazu Médici, president of Brazil (b. 1905)
1987 – Guru Gopinath, Indian classical dancer (b. 1908)
1987 – Clare Boothe Luce, American diplomat (b. 1903)
1987 – William Parry Murphy, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1892)
1988 – Felix Wankel German inventor of the Wankel engine (b. 1902)
1989 – Penny Lernoux, American journalist and author (b. 1940)
1995 – Alec Douglas-Home, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1903)
1996 – Walter Kerr, American theater critic (b. 1913)
1999 – Milt Jackson, American jazz vibraphonist (b. 1923)
1999 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, pioneer of Microcredit in developing countries (b. 1914)
2000 – David Dukes, American actor (b. 1945)
2000 – Patrick Anthony Porteous, Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. 1918)
2001 – Dagmar, American television personality (b. 1921)
2001 – Herbert Ross, American film director and producer (b. 1927)
2002 – Sopubek Begaliev, Soviet-era economist and politician (b. 1931)
2002 – Charles Guggenheim, American film director/producer (b. 1924)
2002 – Aileen Wuornos, American serial killer sentenced to death (b. 1956)
2004 – Jacques Derrida, French philosopher (b. 1930)
2005 – Louis Nye, American comedian and actor (b. 1913)
2005 – Stella Stratigou, Greek actress (b. 1931)
2006 – Paul Hunter, English professional snooker player (b. 1978)
2006 – Raymond Noorda, American co-founder and long time CEO of Novell (b. 1924)
2007 – Enrico Banducci, American nightclub owner (b. 1922)
2008 – Gidget Gein, American musician (b. 1969)
2009 – Stuart Kaminsky, American author (b. 1934)
2011 – Pavel Karelin, Russian skijumper (b. 1989)