today.nukz.net: Almanac November 10

Hachiko (November 10, 1923 – March 8, 1935), known in Japanese as chuken Hachiko ("faithful dog Hachiko" ['hachi' meaning 'eight', a number referring to the dog's birth order in the litter, and 'ko', meaning prince or duke]), was an Akita dog born on a farm near the city of Odate, Akita Prefecture, remembered for his remarkable loyalty to his owner, even many years after his owner's death.

In 1924, Hidesaburo Ueno, a professor in the agriculture department at the University of Tokyo, took in Hachiko, a golden brown Akita, as a pet. During his owner's life, Hachiko greeted him at the end of each day at the nearby Shibuya Station. The pair continued their daily routine until May 1925, when Professor Ueno did not return. The professor had suffered from a cerebral hemorrhage and died, never returning to the train station where Hachiko was waiting. Every day for the next nine years the dog waited at Shibuya station.

Events

1293 – Raden Wijaya is crowned as the first monarch of Majapahit kingdom of Java, taking throne name Kertarajasa Jayawardhana.
1444 – Battle of Varna: The crusading forces of King Vladislaus III of Varna (aka Ulaszlo I of Hungary and Wladyslaw III of Poland) are crushed by the Turks under Sultan Murad II and Vladislaus is killed.
1520 – Danish King Christian II executes dozens of people in the Stockholm Bloodbath after a successful invasion of Sweden.
1619 – René Descartes has the dreams that inspire his Meditations on First Philosophy.
1659 – Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Maratha King kills Afzal Khan, Adilshahi in the battle popularly known as Battle of Pratapgarh. This is also recognised as the first defence of Swarajya
1674 – Anglo-Dutch War: As provided in the Treaty of Westminster, Netherlands cedes New Netherlands to England.
1702 – English colonists under the command of James Moore besiege Spanish St. Augustine in Queen Anne's War.
1766 – The last colonial governor of New Jersey, William Franklin, signs the charter of Queen's College (later renamed Rutgers University).
1775 – The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas.
1793 – A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Chaumette.
1821 – Cry of Independence by Rufina Alfaro at La Villa de Los Santos, Panama setting into motion a revolt which lead to Panama's independence from Spain and to it immediately becoming part of Colombia
1847 – The passenger ship Stephen Whitney is wrecked in thick fog off the southern coast of Ireland, killing 92 of the 110 on board. The disaster results in the construction of the Fastnet Rock lighthouse.
1865 – Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged, becoming the only American Civil War soldier executed for war crimes.
1871 – Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, famously greeting him with the words, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?".
1898 – Beginning of the Wilmington Insurrection of 1898, the only instance of a municipal government being overthrown in US history.
1910 – The date of Thomas A. Davis' opening of the San Diego Army and Navy Academy, though the official founding date is November 23, 1910.
1918 – The Western Union Cable Office in North Sydney, Nova Scotia receives a top-secret coded message from Europe (that would be sent to Ottawa, Ontario and Washington, DC) that said on November 11, 1918 all fighting would cease on land, sea and in the air.
1919 – The first national convention of the American Legion is held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, ending on November 12.
1940 – The 1940 Vrancea earthquake strikes Romania killing an estimated 1,000 and injuring approximately 4,000 more.
1942 – World War II: Germany invades Vichy France following French Admiral François Darlan's agreement to an armistice with the Allies in North Africa.
1944 – The ammunition ship USS Mount Hood explodes at Seeadler Harbour, Manus, Admiralty Islands, killing at least 432 and wounding 371.
1945 – Heavy fighting in Surabaya between Indonesian nationalists and returning colonialists after World War II, today celebrated as Heroes' Day (Hari Pahlawan).
1951 – Direct-dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.
1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington National Cemetery.
1958 – The Hope Diamond is donated to the Smithsonian Institution by New York diamond merchant Harry Winston.
1969 – National Educational Television (the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service) in the United States debuts the children's television program Sesame Street.
1970 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – For the first time in five years, an entire week ends with no reports of American combat fatalities in Southeast Asia.
1970 – The Soviet Lunar probe Lunokhod 1 is launched.
1971 – In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city of Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine aircraft.
1972 – Southern Airways Flight 49 from Birmingham, Alabama is hijacked and, at one point, is threatened with crashing into the nuclear installation at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. After two days, the plane lands in Havana, Cuba, where the hijackers are jailed by Fidel Castro.
1975 – The 729-foot-long freighter SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew on board.
1975 – United Nations Resolution 3379: United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism (the resolution is repealed in December 1991 by Resolution 4686).
1979 – A 106-car Canadian Pacific freight train carrying explosive and poisonous chemicals from Windsor, Ontario, Canada derails in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada just west of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, causing a massive explosion and the largest peacetime evacuation in Canadian history and one of the largest in North American history.
1984 – The first Breeders' Cup takes place at Hollywood Park Racetrack.
1989 – Longtime leader of the People's Republic of Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov is removed from office and replaced by Petar Mladenov.
1995 – In Nigeria, playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa, along with eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (Mosop), are hanged by government forces.
1997 – WorldCom and MCI Communications announce a $37 billion merger (the largest merger in US history at the time).
2006 – Sri Lankan Tamil Parliamentarian Nadarajah Raviraj is assassinated in Colombo.
2006 – The National Museum of the Marine Corps is opened and dedicated by U.S. President George W. Bush and announces that Marine Corporal Jason Dunham will receive the Medal of Honor in Quantico, Virginia.
2007 – ¿Por qué no te callas? incident between King Juan Carlos of Spain and Venezuela's president Hugo Chávez.

Births

1341 – Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland, English statesman and former Lord Marshall (d. 1408)
1433 – Charles, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1477)
1480 – Bridget of York, English princess and nun (d. 1517)
1483 – Martin Luther, German Protestant reformer (d. 1546)
1565 – Laurentius Paulinus Gothus, Swedish theologian and astronomer (d. 1646)
1566 – Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English politician (d. 1601)
1577 – Jacob Cats, Dutch poet, jurist and politician (d. 1660)
1620 – Ninon de l'Enclos, French courtesan and writer (d. 1705)
1668 – Louis III, Prince of Condé (d. 1710)
1668 – François Couperin, French composer (d. 1733)
1683 – George II of Great Britain (d. 1760)
1695 – John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (d. 1771)
1697 – William Hogarth, English artist (d. 1764)
1710 – Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman (d. 1792)
1728 – Oliver Goldsmith, English playwright (d. 1774)
1735 – Granville Sharp, English abolitionist (d. 1813)
1755 – Franz Anton Ries, German violinist (d. 1846)
1759 – Friedrich Schiller, German writer (d. 1805)
1801 – Samuel Gridley Howe, American social reformer (d. 1876)
1801 – Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (d. 1872)
1810 – George Jennings, English sanitary engineer (d. 1882)
1834 – José Hernández, Argentine author of Martín Fierro (d. 1886)
1844 – Henry Eyster Jacobs, American theologian (d. 1932)
1845 – Sir John Sparrow David Thompson, fourth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1894)
1848 – Sir Surendranath Banerjea, leader, Indian National Congress (d. 1925)
1850 – Arthur Goring Thomas, English composer (d. 1892)
1868 – Gichin Funakoshi, Japanese martial artist (d. 1957)
1869 – Gaetano Bresci, Italian-American anarchist (d. 1901)
1871 – Winston Churchill, American novelist (d. 1947)
1873 – Henri Rabaud, French composer and conductor (d. 1949)
1874 – Idabelle Smith Firestone, American composer and songwriter (d. 1954)
1878 – Cy Morgan, American baseball player (d. 1962)
1879 – Vachel Lindsay, American poet (d. 1931)
1879 – Patrick Pearse, Irish political activist (d. 1916)
1880 – Jacob Epstein, American sculptor (d. 1959)
1886 – Edward Joseph Collins, American pianist, conductor and composer (d. 1951)
1887 – Arnold Zweig, German author (d. 1968)
1888 – Andrei Tupolev, Russian aircraft designer (d. 1972)
1889 – Claude Rains, English actor (d. 1967)
1891 – Carl Stalling, American film composer (d. 1972)
1893 – John P. Marquand, American writer (d. 1960)
1894 – Boris Furlan, Slovenian legal theorist and politician (d. 1957)
1895 – John Knudsen Northrop, American airplane manufacturer (d. 1981)
1896 – Jimmy Dykes, American baseball player and manager (d. 1976)
1896 – Olga Grey, Hungarian-born American silent actress (d. 1973)
1906 – Josef Kramer, German concentration camp commandant (d. 1945)
1907 – Jane Froman, American actor and singer (d. 1980)
1907 – John Moore, English author (d. 1967)
1908 – Charles Merritt, Canadian Army officer and Victoria Cross recipient (d. 2000)
1909 – Pawel Jasienica, Polish historian (d. 1970)
1909 – Johnny Marks, American songwriter (d. 1985)
1912 – Birdie Tebbetts, American baseball player and manager (d. 1999)
1916 – Billy May, American composer, arranger and bandleader (d. 2004)
1916 – Louis le Brocquy, Irish painter (d. 2012)
1918 – Ernst Otto Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2007)
1919 – George Fenneman, American radio and television announcer (d. 1997)
1919 – Michael Strank, American flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1945)
1919 – Mikhail Kalashnikov, Russian inventor
1919 – François Périer, French actor (d. 2002)
1919 – Moise Tshombe, Congoian politician (d. 1969)
1920 – Jennifer Holt, American actress (d. 1997)
1920 – Rafael del Pino, Spanish entrepreneur (d. 2008)
1923 – Hachiko, famous dog (d. 1935)
1924 – Russell Johnson, American actor (Gilligan's Island)
1924 – Bobby Limb, Australian entertainer (d. 1999)
1925 – Richard Burton, Welsh actor (d. 1984)
1928 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer
1929 – Marilyn Bergman, American composer and songwriter
1929 – W. E. B. Griffin. American author
1932 – Don Henderson, English actor (d. 1997)
1932 – Roy Scheider, American actor (d. 2008)
1933 – Ronald Evans, American astronaut (d. 1990)
1934 – Lucien Bianchi, Belgian racing driver (d. 1969)
1935 – Bernard Babior, American biochemist
1935 – Igor Dmitrievich Novikov, Russian astrophysicist
1937 – Albert Hall, American actor
1939 – Russell Means, Native American activist (d. 2012)
1939 – Allan Moffat, Canadian-Australian race car driver
1940 – Screaming Lord Sutch, English musician and politician (d. 1999)
1941 – John Geoghegan, American soldier and Silver Star recipient (d. 1965)
1941 – Kyu Sakamoto, Japanese singer and actor (d. 1985)
1942 – Robert F. Engle, American economist, Nobel laureate
1942 – Hans-Rudolf Merz, Swiss Federal Councilor
1943 – Saxby Chambliss, American politician, senior senator of Georgia
1944 – Silvestre Reyes, American politician
1944 – Sir Tim Rice, English lyricist
1945 – Donna Fargo, American singer
1946 – Roy Thomas Baker, English record producer
1947 – Glen Buxton, American musician (Alice Cooper) (d. 1997)
1947 – Bachir Gemayel, Lebanese military commander (d. 1982)
1947 – Greg Lake, British musician (Emerson, Lake & Palmer)
1947 – Dave Loggins, American songwriter and singer
1948 – Aaron Brown, American broadcast journalist
1948 – Shigesato Itoi, Japanese novelist and video game designer
1948 – Hugh Moffatt, American songwriter
1948 – Vincent Schiavelli, American actor (d. 2005)
1949 – Ann Reinking, American dancer
1949 – Don Saleski, Canadian hockey player
1950 – Debra Hill, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2005)
1950 – Bob Orton, Jr., American wrestler
1950 – Jack Scalia, American actor
1952 – Gerry DiNardo, American football coach
1954 – Bob Stanley, American baseball player
1955 – James Chapman, American novelist
1955 – Jack Clark, American baseball player
1955 – Roland Emmerich, German film producer and director
1956 – Mohsen Badawi, Egyptian entrepreneur and activist
1956 – Sinbad, American actor
1958 – Stephen Herek, American film director
1958 – George Lowe, American voice actor
1958 – Massimo Morsello, Italian singer (d. 2001)
1958 – Brooks Williams, American musician
1959 – Linda Cohn, American sports reporter
1959 – Mackenzie Phillips, American actress
1959 – Mike McCarthy, American football coach
1959 – Michael Schröder, German footballer
1959 – Frank Maudsley, English musician (A Flock of Seagulls)
1960 – Neil Gaiman, English writer
1960 – Dan Hawkins, American college football coach
1961 – Rudolf Grimm, Austrian physics professor
1961 – John Walton, English darts player
1963 – Hugh Bonneville, English actor
1964 – Kenny Rogers, American baseball player
1964 – Magnús Scheving, Icelandic athlete
1965 – Jamie Dixon, American basketball coach
1965 – Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racing driver
1965 – Sean Hughes, Irish comedian
1966 – Vanessa Angel, English actress
1966 – Bill DeMott, American wrestler
1967 – Michael Jai White, American actor
1968 – Steve Brookstein, English singer
1968 – Tracy Morgan, American actor/comedian
1969 – Faustino Asprilla, Colombian footballer
1969 – Jens Lehmann, German footballer
1969 – Ellen Pompeo, American actress
1970 – Warren G, American rapper
1970 – Freddy Loix, Belgian rally driver
1970 – Vince Vieluf, American actor
1970 – Tay Ping Hui, Singaporean actor
1971 – Walton Goggins, American actor
1971 – Niki Karimi, Iranian actress, director, and screenwriter
1972 – DJ Ashba, American musician (Guns N' Roses)
1972 – Isaac Bruce, American football player
1972 – Shawn Green, American baseball player
1973 – Patrik Berger, Czech footballer
1974 – Niko Hurme, Finnish musician
1974 – Chris Lilley, Australian comedian
1975 – Diplo, American DJ, producer and songwriter (Major Lazer)
1976 – Steffen Iversen, Norwegian footballer
1976 – Shefki Kuqi, Finnish footballer
1977 – Josh Barnett, American Mixed Martial Artist
1977 – Brittany Murphy, American actress (d. 2009)
1977 – Won Bin, Korean actor
1978 – Kyla Cole, Slovak pornographic actress
1978 – Eve, American rapper
1978 – Drew McConnell, Irish musician (Babyshambles)
1979 – Chris Joannou, Australian musician, (Silverchair)
1979 – Anthony Réveillère, French footballer
1980 – Troy Bell, American basketball player
1980 – Calvin Chen, Taiwanese singer, (Fei Lun Hai/Fahrenheit)
1980 – Donté Stallworth, American football player
1981 – Ryback, American wrestler
1981 – Tony Blanco, Dominican baseball player
1981 – Jason L. Dunham, American Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2004)
1982 – Heather Matarazzo, American actress
1983 – Miranda Lambert, American singer
1983 – Craig Smith, American basketball player
1984 – Kendrick Perkins, Texanian basketball player
1985 – Ricki-Lee Coulter, New Zealand/Australian singer
1985 – Giovonnie Samuels, American television actress
1985 – Krystian Trochowski, German rugby player
1986 – Ilias Iliadis, Greek judoka
1986 – Josh Peck, American actor
1987 – Charles Hamilton, American hip-hop artist
1987 – Jessica Tovey, Australian actress
1989 – Daniel Agyei, Ghanaian footballer
1994 – Zoey Deutch, American actress
1999 – Kiernan Shipka, American actress
2000 – Mackenzie Foy, American actress/model

Deaths

461 – Pope Leo I
627 – Justus, Archbishop of Canterbury
901 – Queen Adelaide of Paris
1241 – Pope Celestine IV
1444 – King Wladyslaw III of Poland (b. 1424)
1549 – Pope Paul III (b. 1468)
1596 – Peter Wentworth, English Puritan politician (b. 1530)
1605 – Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (b. 1522)
1617 – Barnabe Rich, English soldier and writer
1624 – Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, English theater patron (b. 1573)
1644 – Luís Vélez de Guevara, Spanish writer (b. 1579)
1659 – Afzal Khan, Adilshahi Emperor by Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Maratha King in Battle of Pratapgarh
1673 – Michael of Poland (b. 1640)
1727 – Alphonse de Tonty, French explorer and American settler (b. 1659)
1728 – Fyodor Apraksin, Russian admiral (b. 1661)
1772 – Pedro Antonio Joaquim Correa da Serra Garção, Portuguese poet (b. 1724)
1777 – Cornstalk, Shawnee chief
1808 – Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, British soldier and Governor of Quebec (b. 1724)
1865 – Henry Wirz, Swiss-born American POW commandant (b. 1823)
1869 – John E. Wool, American soldier (b. 1822)
1891 – Arthur Rimbaud, French poet, (b. 1854)
1909 – George Essex Evans, Australian poet (b. 1863)
1912 – Louis Cyr, Canadian strongman (b. 1863)
1917 – Harry Trott, Australian cricketer (b. 1866)
1936 – Louis Gustave Binger, French officer and explorer (b. 1856)
1938 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Founder of the Republic of Turkey (b. 1881)
1940 – Ilie Pintilie, Romanian activist (b.1903)
1946 – Louis Zutter, Swiss gymnast (b. 1856)
1956 – Gordon MacQuarrie, American author and journalist (b. 1900)
1962 – Julius Lenhart, Austrian gymnast (b. 1875)
1964 – Jimmie Dodd, American actor (b. 1910)
1968 – Adolf Möller, German rower (b. 1877)
1971 – Walter Van Tilburg Clark, American author (b. 1909)
1973 – David "Stringbean" Akeman, American country music banjo player (b. 1915)
1975 – Ernest M. McSorley, American ship captain (b. 1912)
1981 – Abel Gance, French film director, producer, and actor (b. 1889)
1982 – Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (b. 1906)
1984 – Xavier Herbert, Australian author (b. 1901)
1986 – Rogelio de la Rosa, Filipino actor and politician (b. 1916)
1986 – Gordon Richards, British jockey. (b. 1904)
1990 – Aurelio Monteagudo, Cuban baseball player (b. 1943)
1990 – Mário Schenberg, Brazilian physicist (b. 1914)
1991 – William Afflis, American professional wrestler (b. 1929)
1992 – Chuck Connors, American actor and pro athlete (b. 1921)
1994 – Carmen McRae, American singer (b. 1920)
1995 – Ken Saro-Wiwa, Nigerian writer and activist (b. 1941)
1997 – Tommy Tedesco, American musician (b. 1930)
1998 – Mary Millar, English actress (b. 1936)
2000 – Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Frech statesman (b. 1915)
2000 – Adamantios Androutsopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician (b. 1919)
2001 – Ken Kesey, American author (b. 1935)
2002 – Michel Boisrond, French film director (b. 1921)
2003 – Canaan Banana, Zimbabwean politician (b. 1936)
2003 – Irv Kupcinet, American columnist and television personality (b. 1912)
2004 – Katy de la Cruz, Filipino singer (b. 1907)
2006 – Diana Coupland, British comedy actress (b. 1932)
2006 – Gerald Levert, American singer (b. 1966)
2006 – Jack Palance, American actor (b. 1919)
2006 – Nadarajah Raviraj, Sri Lankan politician (b. 1962)
2006 – Fokko du Cloux, mathematician (b. 1954)
2007 – Laraine Day, American actress (b. 1920)
2007 – Augustus F. Hawkins, American politician and civil rights figure (b. 1907)
2007 – Norman Mailer, American author (b. 1923)
2008 – Miriam Makeba, South African singer and anti-apartheid activist (b. 1932)
2008 – Arthur Shawcross, American serial killer (b. 1945)
2008 – Wannes Van de Velde, Flemish singer (b. 1937)
2009 – Gheorghe Dinica, Romanian actor (b. 1934)
2009 – Robert Enke, German footballer (b. 1977)
2009 – Tomaž Humar, Slovenian mountaineer (b. 1969)
2009 – John Allen Muhammad, American convicted spree killer (b. 1960)
2010 – Dino De Laurentiis, Italian film producer (b. 1919)
2010 – Dave Niehaus, American sportscaster (b. 1935)
2010 – Nicolo Rizzuto, Sicilian-born Canadian organized crime figure (b. 1924)
2011 – Ivan Martin Jirous, Czech poet (b. 1944)
2011 – Peter J. Biondi, American state legislator (New Jersey) and former mayor (b. 1942)