Almanac November 27 :: Jimi Hendrix

James Marshall Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American musician, singer and songwriter. Despite a limited mainstream exposure of four years, he is widely considered to have been the greatest electric guitarist in the history of popular music, and one of the most important musicians of the 20th century.

The recipient of several prestigious rock music awards during his lifetime and posthumously, the Jimi Hendrix Experience was inducted into the US Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1992, and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005. English Heritage erected a blue plaque to identify his former residence on Brook Street, London, in September 1997. Rolling Stone ranked his three non-posthumous studio albums, Are You Experienced (1967), Axis: Bold as Love (1967) and Electric Ladyland (1968) among the top 100 Greatest Albums of All Time. They ranked Hendrix number one on their list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all-time, and number six on their list of the 100 greatest artists of all time.

Events

• 176 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of Imperator and makes him Supreme Commander of the Roman legions.
• 395 – Rufinus, praetorian prefect of the East, is murdered by Gothic mercenaries under Gainas.
• 511 – King Clovis I dies at Paris (Lutetia) and is buried in the Abbey of St. Genevieve. The Merovingian Dynasty is continued by his four sons — Theuderic I, Chlodomer, Childebert I and Chlothar I — who divide the Frankish Kingdom and rule from the capitals at Metz, Orléans, Paris and Soissons.
• 1095 – Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.
• 1295 – The first elected representatives from Lancashire are called to Westminster by King Edward I to attend what later became known as "The Model Parliament".
• 1703 – The first Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed in the Great Storm of 1703.
• 1727 – The foundation stone to the Jerusalem's Church in Berlin is laid.
• 1807 – The Portuguese Royal Family leaves Lisbon to escape from Napoleonic troops.
• 1815 – Adoption of Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland.
• 1830 – St. Catherine Laboure experiences a vision of the Blessed Virgin standing on a globe, crushing a serpent with her feet, and emanating rays of light from her hands.
• 1839 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the American Statistical Association is founded.
• 1856 – The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the South.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Mine Run – Union forces under General George Meade position against troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
• 1868 – American Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River – United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on Cheyenne living on reservation land.
• 1886 – German judge Emil Hartwich sustains fatal injuries in a duel, which would become the background for "Effi Briest", a classic work of German literature.
• 1895 – At the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.
• 1901 – The U.S. Army War College is established.
• 1912 – Spain declares a protectorate over the north shore of Morocco.
• 1924 – In New York City, the first Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is held.
• 1934 – Bank robber Baby Face Nelson dies in a shoot-out with the FBI.
• 1940 – In Romania, the ruling party Iron Guard arrests and executes over 60 of exiled King Carol II of Romania's aides, including former minister Nicolae Iorga.
• 1940 – World War II: At the Battle of Cape Spartivento, the Royal Navy engages the Regia Marina in the Mediterranean Sea.
• 1942 – World War II: At Toulon, the French navy scuttles its ships and submarines to keep them out of Nazi hands.
• 1944 – World War II: An explosion at a Royal Air Force ammunition dump at Fauld, Staffordshire kills seventy people.
• 1954 – Alger Hiss is released from prison after serving 44 months for perjury.
• 1963 – The Convention on the Unification of Certain Points of Substantive Law on Patents for Invention is signed at Strasbourg.
• 1965 – Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned operations are to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000.
• 1968 – Penny Ann Early became the first woman to play major professional basketball, in an ABA game Kentucky Colonels vs. Los Angeles Stars.
• 1971 – The Soviet space program's Mars 2 orbiter releases a descent module. It malfunctions and crashes, but it is the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars.
• 1973 – The Twenty-fifth Amendment: The United States Senate votes 92 to 3 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States (on December 6, the House confirmed him 387 to 35).
• 1975 – The Provisional IRA assassinates Ross McWhirter, after a press conference in which McWhirter had announced a reward for the capture of those responsible for multiple bombings and shootings across England.
• 1978 – In San Francisco, California, city mayor George Moscone and openly gay city supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by former supervisor Dan White.
• 1978 – The Kurdish party PKK is founded in the city of Riha (Urfa) in Turkey.
• 1983 – Avianca Flight 011, a Boeing 747 crashes near Madrid's Barajas Airport, killing 181.
• 1984 – Under the Brussels Agreement signed between the governments of the United Kingdom and Spain, the former agreed to enter into discussions with Spain over Gibraltar, including sovereignty.
• 1989 – Avianca Flight 203, a Boeing 727, explodes in mid-air over Colombia, killing all 107 people on board and three people on the ground. The Medellín Cartel claimed responsibility for the attack.
• 1991 – The United Nations Security Council adopts Security Council Resolution 721, leading the way to the establishment of peacekeeping operations in Yugoslavia.
• 1992 – For the second time in a year, military forces try to overthrow president Carlos Andres Perez in Venezuela.
• 1997 – Twenty-five are killed in the second Souhane massacre in Algeria.
• 1999 – The left-wing Labour Party takes control of the New Zealand government with leader Helen Clark becoming the first elected female Prime Minister in New Zealand's history.
• 2001 – A hydrogen atmosphere is discovered on the extrasolar planet Osiris by the Hubble Space Telescope, the first atmosphere detected on an extrasolar planet.
• 2004 – Pope John Paul II returns the relics of Saint John Chrysostom to the Eastern Orthodox Church.
• 2005 – The first partial human face transplant is completed in Amiens, France.
• 2006 – The Canadian House of Commons endorses Prime Minister Stephen Harper's motion to declare Quebec a nation within a unified Canada.
• 2009 – A bomb explodes on the Nevsky Express train between Moscow and Saint Petersburg, derailing it and causing 28 deaths and 96 injuries.

Births

• 111 – Antinous, Greek youth of Hadrian {d. 130}
• 1127 – Emperor Xiaozong of Song, Emperor of China (d. 1194)
• 1576 – Shimazu Tadatsune, Ruler of Satsuma (d. 1638)
• 1582 – Pierre Dupuy, French scholar (d. 1651)
• 1630 – Archduke Sigismund Francis of Austria (d. 1665)
• 1635 – Françoise d'Aubigné, marquise de Maintenon, wife of Louis XIV of France (d. 1719)
• 1701 – Anders Celsius, Swedish inventor and astronomer (d. 1744)
• 1710 – Robert Lowth, British bishop (d. 1787)
• 1746 – Robert Livingston, negotiated the Louisiana Purchase from France (d. 1813)
• 1746 – Increase Sumner, 5th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1799)
• 1754 – Georg Forster, German scientist (d. 1794)
• 1759 – Franz Krommer, Czech composer (d. 1831)
• 1779 – Aimé, duc de Clermont-Tonnerre, French general (d. 1865)
• 1804 – Julius Benedict, German-born composer (d. 1885)
• 1809 – Fanny Kemble, British actress (d. 1893)
• 1833 – Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge (d. 1897)
• 1843 – Cornelius Vanderbilt II, American businessman (d. 1899)
• 1843 – Elizabeth Stride, victim of Jack the Ripper (d. 1888)
• 1853 – Frank Dicksee, English Victorian painter and illustrator (d. 1928)
• 1857 – Charles Scott Sherrington, British physiologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1952)
• 1865 – Janez Evangelist Krek, Slovene politician (d. 1917)
• 1867 – Charles Koechlin, French composer (d. 1950)
• 1871 – Giovanni Giorgi, Italian physicist (d. 1950)
• 1874 – Charles A. Beard, American historian (d. 1948)
• 1874 – František Erben, Bohemian gymnast (d. 1942)
• 1874 – Chaim Weizmann, 1st President of Israel (d. 1952)
• 1875 – Julius Lenhart, Austrian gymnast (d. 1962)
• 1878 – Jatindramohan Bagchi, Indian (Bengali) poet (d. 1948)
• 1878 – Charles Dvorak, American track and field athlete (d. 1969)
• 1885 – Liviu Rebreanu, Romanian writer (d. 1944)
• 1887 – Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (d. 1946)
• 1894 – Amphilochius of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Orthodox saint (d. 1971)
• 1894 – Konosuke Matsushita, Japanese industrialist (d. 1989)
• 1897 – Vito Genovese, American mafioso (d. 1969)
• 1898 – Fredric Warburg, publisher and author (d. 1981)
• 1901 – Ted Husing, American sportscaster (d. 1962)
• 1903 – Lars Onsager, Norwegian chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1976)
• 1907 – L. Sprague de Camp, American writer (d. 2000)
• 1907 – Harivansh Rai Bachchan, Indian poet (d. 2003)
• 1909 – James Agee, American writer (d. 1955)
• 1909 – Anatoly Maltsev, Russian mathematician (d. 1967)
• 1911 – David Merrick, American stage producer (d. 2000)
• 1911 – Fe del Mundo, Filipino pediatrician and National Scientist (d. 2011)
• 1916 – Chick Hearn, American sportscaster (d. 2002)
• 1917 – Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (d. 1998)
• 1920 – Abe Lenstra, Dutch footballer (d. 1985)
• 1920 – Buster Merryfield, English actor (d. 1999)
• 1921 – Alexander Dubcek, Slovak politician (d. 1992)
• 1925 – John Maddox, British science writer and editor (d. 2009)
• 1925 – Marshall Thompson, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1925 – Ernie Wise, British comedian (d. 1999)
• 1927 – Carlos José Castilho, Brazilian footballer (d. 1987)
• 1928 – Alekos Alexandrakis, Greek actor (d. 2005)
• 1928 – Ronald William "Josh" Kirby, British artist (d. 2001)
• 1930 – Joe DeNardo, Pittsburgh Meteorologist
• 1930 – Rex Shelley, Singaporean author (d. 2009)
• 1932 – Benigno Aquino, Jr., Philippine politician (d. 1983)
• 1933 – Jacques Godbout, French Canadian novelist, journalist and filmmaker
• 1934 – Ammo Baba, Iraqi-Assyrian footballer
• 1934 – Al Jackson, Jr., American drummer, producer and songwriter (d. 1975)
• 1934 – Gilbert Strang, American mathematician
• 1935 – Les Blank, American documentary filmmaker
• 1935 – Daniel Charles, French philosopher and musicologist (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Gail Sheehy, American writer
• 1939 – Dave Giusti, American baseball player
• 1939 – Tony Green, British professional darts commentator
• 1940 – Bruce Lee, American actor and martial artist (d. 1973)
• 1941 – Louis van Dijk, Dutch pianist
• 1941 – Eddie Rabbitt, American singer (d. 1998)
• 1941 – Aimé Jacquet, French football manager
• 1942 – Henry Carr, American athlete
• 1942 – Jimi Hendrix, American guitarist (d. 1970)
• 1943 – Nicole Brossard, French Canadian poet
• 1944 – Arthur "Neddy" Smith, Australian underworld figure
• 1945 – Barbara Anderson, American actress
• 1945 – Phil Bloom, Dutch artist, entertainer and actress
• 1945 – Alain de Cadenet, English racing driver and television personality
• 1947 – Don Adams, American basketball player
• 1947 – Neil Rosenshein, American tenor
• 1948 – James Avery, American actor
• 1949 – Masanori Sekiya, Japanese racing driver
• 1950 – Gran Hamada, Japanese professional wrestler
• 1951 – Jayne Kennedy, American sportscaster and actress
• 1951 – Kathryn Bigelow, American film director
• 1952 – Sheila Copps, Canadian politician
• 1952 – Daryl Stuermer, American guitarist (Genesis)
• 1952 – James D. Wetherbee, American astronaut
• 1953 – Curtis Armstrong, American actor
• 1953 – Boris Grebenshchikov, Russian singer (Aquarium)
• 1953 – Richard Stone, American composer (d. 2001)
• 1954 – Patricia McPherson, American actress
• 1954 – Kimmy Robertson, American actress
• 1954 – Arthur Smith, British comedian and writer
• 1955 – Bill Nye (The science guy), American engineer and broadcaster
• 1955 – Pierre Mondou, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1956 – William Fichtner, American actor
• 1957 – Kenny Acheson, Northern Irish racecar driver
• 1957 – Frank Boeijen, Dutch singer, songwriter and guitarist
• 1957 – Caroline Kennedy, American journalist and attorney
• 1957 – Kevin O'Connell, American sound re-recording mixer
• 1957 – Michael Stackpole, American author
• 1958 – Mike Scioscia, American baseball player and manager
• 1959 – Charlie Burchill, Scottish guitarist and keyboardist (Simple Minds)
• 1960 – Kevin Henkes, American children's book writer/illustrator
• 1960 – Ken O'Brien, American football player
• 1960 – Tim Pawlenty, American politician, 39th Governor of Minnesota
• 1960 – Michael Rispoli, American actor
• 1960 – Yulia Tymoshenko, Ukrainian prime minister
• 1960 – Gianni Vernetti, Italian politician
• 1961 – Steve Oedekerk, American film director, actor and comedian
• 1962 – Charlie Benante, American drummer (Anthrax)
• 1962 – Mike Bordin, American musician (Faith No More)
• 1963 – Fisher Stevens, American actor
• 1964 – Robin Givens, American actress
• 1964 – Roberto Mancini, Italian football player and manager
• 1964 – David Rakoff, american author
• 1966 – Andy Merrill, American voice actor
• 1967 – Shane Embury, British guitarist/bassist (Napalm Death)
• 1967 – Edson Ribeiro, Brazilian musician
• 1968 – Michael Vartan, French-born actor
• 1969 – Myles Kennedy, American musician
• 1970 – Brooke Langton, American actress
• 1970 – Erik Menendez, American convict
• 1970 – Patricia Zentilli, Canadian actress
• 1971 – Larry Allen, American football player
• 1971 – Nick Van Exel, American basketball player
• 1972 – Shane Salerno, American screenwriter
• 1973 – Sharlto Copley, South African producer, actor and director
• 1973 – Samantha Harris, American model and host
• 1973 – Evan Karagias, American professional wrestler
• 1973 – Twista, American rapper
• 1974 – Kirk Acevedo, American actor
• 1975 – Martin Gramatica, Argentinian-American football player
• 1975 – Bad Azz, American rapper and actor
• 1976 – Jean Grae, South African–born rapper
• 1976 – Jaleel White, American actor
• 1976 – Chad Kilger, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – Mika Tan, American pornographic actress
• 1978 – Shy Love, American pornographic actress
• 1978 – Eszter Molnár, Hungarian tennis player
• 1978 – Jimmy Rollins, American baseball player
• 1978 – Mike Skinner, English musician (The Streets)
• 1978 – Radek Štepánek, Czech tennis player
• 1978 – Tim Yeung, American drummer (Vital Remains)
• 1979 – Danielle Foxxx, Brazilian pornographic actress
• 1979 – Hilary Hahn, American violinist
• 1979 – Shin Hyesung, Korean singer (Shinhwa)
• 1979 – Teemu Tainio, Finnish footballer
• 1980 – Michael Yardy, English cricketer
• 1981 – Bruno Alves, Portuguese footballer
• 1981 – Gary Lucy, English actor
• 1981 – Matthew Taylor, English footballer
• 1982 – David Bellion, French footballer
• 1982 – Tommy Robinson, English political activist
• 1983 – Professor Green, British Rapper
• 1984 – Domata Peko, American football player
• 1985 – Alison Pill, Canadian actress
• 1985 – Thilo Versick, German footballer
• 1986 – Suresh Kumar Raina, Indian cricketer
• 1986 – Xavi Torres, Spanish footballer
• 1986 – Steven Silva, Filipino television actor
• 1987 – Gary Wozniak, American Skeleton Racer

Deaths

• 8 BC – Horace, Roman poet (b. 65 BC)
• 395 – Rufinus, Roman consul and praetorian prefect
• 450 – Galla Placidia, daughter of Theodosius I (b. 392)
• 511 – Clovis I, King of the Franks (b. c. 466)
• 602 – Maurice, Byzantine emperor, (b. 539) and his younger sons (executed)
• 835 – Muhammad at-Taqi, Shia Imam (b. 811)
• 1198 – Queen Constance of Sicily, wife of Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1154)
• 1474 – Guillaume Dufay, Flemish composer
• 1570 – Jacopo Sansovino, Italian sculptor and architect (b. 1486)
• 1592 – Nakagawa Hidemasa, Japanese samurai commander (b. 1568)
• 1632 – John Eliot, English statesman (b. 1592)
• 1680 – Athanasius Kircher, German Jesuit scholar (b. 1601)
• 1754 – Abraham de Moivre, French mathematician (b. 1667)
• 1811 – Andrew Meikle, British mechanical engineer (b. 1719)
• 1852 – Ada Lovelace, British mathematician (b. 1815)
• 1894 – Johanna von Puttkamer, Prussian noblewoman, wife of Otto von Bismarck (b. 1824)
• 1895 – Alexandre Dumas, fils, French author (b. 1824)
• 1901 – Clement Studebaker, American automobile manufacturer (b. 1831)
• 1908 – Jean Albert Gaudry, French geologist (b. 1827)
• 1919 – Manuel Espinosa Batista, Panamanian Politician and business. Founder of the Republic. (b. 1857)
• 1920 – Alexius Meinong, Austrian philosopher (b. 1853)
• 1921 – Douglas Colin Cameron, Canadian politician (b. 1854)
• 1931 – Lya De Putti, Hungarian actress (b. 1899)
• 1932 – Evelyn Preer, American actress and singer (b. 1896)
• 1934 – Baby Face Nelson, American gangster (b. 1908)
• 1936 – Basil Zaharoff, Greek financier and arms dealer (b. 1849)
• 1940 – Nicolae Iorga, Romanian writer and politician (b. 1871)
• 1943 – Ivo Lola Ribar, Croatian communist and partisan (b. 1916)
• 1944 – Leonid Mandelshtam, Russian physicist (b. 1879)
• 1953 – Eugene O'Neill, American writer and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)
• 1955 – Arthur Honegger, French-born Swiss composer (b. 1892)
• 1958 – Artur Rodzinski, Polish conductor (b. 1892)
• 1960 – Dirk Jan de Geer, Dutch nobleman, lawyer, conservative statesman and prime minister of the Netherlands (b. 1870)
• 1973 – Frank Christian, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1887)
• 1975 – Ross McWhirter, British co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records (assassinated) (b. 1925)
• 1978 – Harvey Milk, American politician, civil rights activist (assassinated) (b. 1930)
• 1978 – George Moscone, Mayor of San Francisco (assassinated) (b. 1929)
• 1980 – F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect (b. 1882)
• 1981 – Lotte Lenya, Austrian singer and actress (b. 1898)
• 1983 – Kostas Mentis, Greek actor (b. 1913)
• 1987 – Sian Kingi, Australian murder victim (b. 1974)
• 1988 – John Carradine, American actor (b. 1906)
• 1988 – Jan Hein Donner, a Dutch chess grandmaster (b. 1927)
• 1990 – David White, American actor (b. 1916)
• 1990 – Basilis C. Xanthopoulos, Greek theoretical physicist (assassinated) (b. 1951)
• 1992 – Ivan Generalic, Croatian painter (b. 1914)
• 1994 – Fernando Lopes-Graça, Portuguese composer and musicologist (b. 1906)
• 1998 – Barbara Acklin, American singer and songwriter (b. 1943)
• 1999 – Yasuhiro Kojima, wrestler (b. 1937)
• 1999 – Alain Peyrefitte, French politician and author (b. 1925)
• 2000 – Malcolm Bradbury, English author (b. 1932)
• 2000 – Len Shackleton, English former footballer (b. 1922)
• 2005 – Jocelyn Brando, American actress (b. 1919)
• 2005 – Joe Jones, American R&B singer (b. 1926)
• 2006 – Don Butterfield, American tuba player (b. 1923)
• 2006 – Bebe Moore Campbell, American author (b. 1950)
• 2006 – Casey Coleman, American sportscaster (b. 1951)
• 2006 – Alan Freeman, British disc jockey known by his nickname 'Fluff' (b. 1927)
• 2007 – Bernie Banton, Australian asbestos campaigner (b. 1946)
• 2007 – Robert Cade, American doctor and inventor of Gatorade (b. 1927)
• 2007 – Sean Taylor, American football player (b. 1983)
• 2007 – Bill Willis, American football player (b. 1921)
• 2008 – V. P. Singh, Indian Prime Minister (b. 1931)
• 2010 – Irvin Kershner, American director (b. 1923)
• 2011 – Gary Speed, Welsh footballer and manager (b. 1969)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Barlaam and Josaphat, the Christianized version of Buddha
  • Congar of Congresbury
  • Facundus and Primitivus
  • Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal (Roman Catholic)
  • Vergilius of Salzburg
  • November 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• Earliest day on which Advent Sunday can fall, while December 3 is the latest; celebrated on the Sunday nearest to St. Andrew's Day. (Western Christianity)
• Maaveerar Day (Tamil Eelam)