today.nukz.net: Almanac December 2

Nelly Kim Furtado (born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Furtado first gained fame with her debut album, Whoa, Nelly!, which spawned two successful singles, "I'm Like a Bird" and "Turn Off the Light". "I'm Like A Bird" won a 2001 Juno Award for Single of the Year and a 2002 Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. In 2003, Furtado released Folklore, which produced three international singles— "Powerless (Say What You Want)", "Try" and "Força". Three years later she released Loose, a worldwide commercial success. The album spawned four number-one hits: "Promiscuous", "Maneater", "Say It Right" and "All Good Things (Come to an End)". After a three-year break, she released her first full-length Spanish album, Mi Plan, and Furtado received a Latin Grammy for Best Female Pop Vocal Album. In 2012, Furtado's fourth English-language studio album, The Spirit Indestructible was released.

Furtado's work has earned her numerous awards and accolades, including 2 Grammy Awards, 10 Juno Awards, 3 MuchMusic Video Awards and a star on Canada's Walk of Fame.

Events

1409 – The University of Leipzig opens.
1697 – St Paul's Cathedral is opened in London.
1755 – The second Eddystone Lighthouse is destroyed by fire.
1763 – Dedication of the Touro Synagogue, in Newport, Rhode Island, the first synagogue in what became the United States.
1775 – The USS Alfred becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the Stars and Stripes); the flag is hoisted by John Paul Jones.
1804 – At Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of the French, the first French Emperor in a thousand years.
1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Austerlitz – French troops under Napoleon Bonaparte defeat a joint Russo-Austrian force.
1823 – Monroe Doctrine: US President James Monroe delivers a speech establishing American neutrality in future European conflicts.
1845 – Manifest Destiny: US President James K. Polk announces to Congress that the United States should aggressively expand into the West.
1848 – Franz Josef I becomes Emperor of Austria.
1851 – French President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte overthrows the Second Republic.
1852 – Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte becomes Emperor of the French (Napoleon III).
1859 – Militant abolitionist leader John Brown is hanged for his October 16th raid on Harper's Ferry.
1867 – At Tremont Temple in Boston, British author Charles Dickens gives his first public reading in the United States.
1899 – Philippine–American War: The Battle of Tirad Pass, termed "The Filipino Thermopylae", is fought.
1908 – Child Emperor Pu Yi ascends the Chinese throne at the age of two
1917 – An armistice is signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk and peace talks leading to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk began.
1920 – Following more than a month of Turkish-Armenian War, the Turkish dictated Treaty of Alexandropol is concluded.
1927 – Following 19 years of Ford Model T production, the Ford Motor Company unveils the Ford Model A as its new automobile.
1930 – Great Depression: US President Herbert Hoover goes before the United States Congress and asks for a US$150 million public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy.
1939 – New York City's La Guardia Airport opens.
1942 – During the Manhattan Project, a team led by Enrico Fermi initiates the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction.
1943 – A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks numerous cargo and transport ships, including an American Liberty ship, the John Harvey, with a stockpile of World War I-era mustard gas.
1946 – The British Government invites four Indian leaders, Nehru, Baldev Singh, Jinnah and Liaquat Ali Khan to obtain the participation of all parties in the Constituent Assembly.
1947 – Jerusalem Riots of 1947: Riots break out in Jerusalem in response to the approval of the 1947 UN Partition Plan.
1954 – Red Scare: The United States Senate votes 65 to 22 to condemn Joseph McCarthy for "conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute".
1954 – The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, between the United States and the Republic of China, is signed in Washington, D.C..
1956 – The Granma yacht reaches the shores of Cuba's Oriente province and Fidel Castro, Che Guevara and 80 other members of the 26th of July Movement disembark to initiate the Cuban Revolution.
1961 – In a nationally broadcast speech, Cuban leader Fidel Castro declares that he is a Marxist-Leninist and that Cuba is going to adopt Communism.
1962 – Vietnam War: After a trip to Vietnam at the request of US President John F. Kennedy, US Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield becomes the first American official not to make an optimistic public comment on the war's progress.
1970 – The United States Environmental Protection Agency begins operations.
1971 – Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Fujairah, Sharjah, Dubai, and Umm Al Quwain form the United Arab Emirates.
1975 – Pathet Lao seizes Vientiane which gives way for their power in Laos, and establishes the Lao People's Democratic Republic.
1976 – Fidel Castro becomes President of Cuba replacing Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado.
1980 – Four U.S. nuns and churchwomen, Ita Ford, Maura Clarke, Jean Donovan, and Dorothy Kazel, are murdered by a death squad in El Salvador.
1982 – At the University of Utah, Barney Clark becomes the first person to receive a permanent artificial heart.
1988 – Benazir Bhutto is sworn in as Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first woman to head the government of an Islam-dominated state.
1993 – Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar is shot and killed in Medellín.
1993 – Space Shuttle program: STS-61 – NASA launches the Space Shuttle Endeavour on a mission to repair the Hubble Space Telescope.
1999 – Glenbrook rail accident near Sydney, New South Wales.
1999 – The United Kingdom devolves political power in Northern Ireland to the Northern Ireland Executive.
2001 – Enron files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

Births

1578 – Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer and music theorist (d. 1640)
1595 – Henry Lawes, English musician and composer (d. 1662)
1694 – William Shirley, Colonial Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1771)
1703 – Ferdinand Konšcak, Croatian explorer (d. 1759)
1710 – Bertinazzi, Italian actor and writer (d. 1783)
1738 – Richard Montgomery, Irish-born soldier (d. 1775)
1754 – William Cooper, American judge (d. 1809)
1760 – John Breckinridge, American politician and 5th United States Attorney General (d. 1806)
1760 – Joseph Graetz, German composer, organist, and music educator (d. 1826)
1810 – Henry Yesler, American entrepreneur and politician (d. 1892)
1811 – Jean-Charles Chapais, French Canadian politician, Father of the Canadian Confederation (d. 1885)
1817 – Heinrich von Sybel, German historian (d. 1895)
1825 – Emperor Pedro II of Brazil (d. 1891)
1846 – Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau, French statesman (d. 1904)
1856 – Louis Zutter, Swiss gymnast (d. 1946)
1859 – Georges Seurat, French painter (d. 1891)
1863 – Charles Ringling, American circus owner (d. 1926)
1866 – Harry Burleigh, African American composer, arranger, and professional singer (d. 1949)
1872 – Carl Lehle, German rower (d. 1930)
1874 – Joseph Olivier, French rugby player (d. 1901)
1884 – Erima Harvey Northcroft, New Zealand lawyer and judge (d. 1953)
1885 – George Richards Minot, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize (d. 1950)
1891 – Otto Dix, German painter and graphic artist (d. 1969)
1891 – Charles H. Wesley, author writer and Brother of Alpha Phi Alpha Inc. (d. 1987)
1893 – Leo Ornstein, Russian-born composer and pianist (d. 2002)
1894 – Warren William, American Broadway and film actor (d. 1948)
1895 – Harriet Cohen, British pianist (d. 1967)
1897 – Hovhannes Bagramyan, Marshall of the Soviet Union (d. 1982)
1898 – Indra Lal Roy, Indian pilot (d. 1918)
1899 – John Barbirolli, British conductor (d. 1970)
1899 – John Cobb, British racing driver (d. 1952)
1899 – Ray Morehart, American baseball player (d. 1989)
1901 – Raimundo Orsi, Argentine-born footballer (d. 1986)
1906 – Peter Carl Goldmark, Hungarian-born recording engineer (d. 1977)
1910 – Russell Lynes, American art historian, photographer, author and managing editor of Harper's Magazine (d. 1991)
1914 – Bill Erwin, American actor (d. 2010)
1914 – Adolph Green, American composer (d. 2002)
1914 – Ray Walston, American actor (d. 2001)
1915 – Prince Mikasa, Japanese royal
1917 – Sylvia Syms, American jazz singer (d. 1992)
1921 – Carlo Furno, Cardinal Grand Master Emeritus of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem
1922 – Iakovos Kambanelis, Greek poet, playwright, lyricist, and novelist
1923 – Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977)
1924 – Alexander Haig, American Soldier & Civil servant, 7th Supreme Allied Commander Europe, 5th White House Chief of Staff and 59th United States Secretary of State (d. 2010)
1924 – Vilgot Sjöman, Swedish writer and film director (d. 2006)
1925 – Julie Harris, American actress
1927 – Prabhakar Thokal, Indian cartoonist
1928 – Gerhard Kaufhold, German footballer (d. 2009)
1930 – Gary Becker, American economist, recipient of the Bank of Sweden Prize
1930 – David Piper, British race car driver
1931 – Nigel Calder, British science writer
1931 – Wynton Kelly, American jazz pianist (d. 1971)
1931 – Masaaki Hatsumi, founder and head of the Bujinkan Dojo organization
1931 – Edwin Meese, American jurist and 75th United States Attorney General
1933 – Mike Larrabee, American athlete (d. 2003)
1933 – K. Veeramani, Indian anti-caste activist
1934 – Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Secretary of State and Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church
1934 – Sissela Bok, Swedish philosopher and ethicist
1934 – Andre Rodgers, baseball player (d. 2004)
1935 – David Hackett Fischer, American historian
1937 – Manohar Joshi, Indian politician
1939 – Yael Dayan, Israeli writer and politician
1939 – Francis Fox, Canadian politician, member of the Senate
1939 – Harry Reid, American Senator and Majority Leader
1943 – Wayne Allard, American politician
1944 – Cathy Lee Crosby, American actress
1944 – Inger Davidson, Swedish politician
1944 – Ibrahim Rugova, first President of Kosovo (d. 2006)
1944 – Dionysis Savvopoulos, Greek musician and songwriter
1944 – Botho Strauß, German author
1945 – Penelope Spheeris, American film director
1946 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer (d. 1997)
1946 – David Macaulay, British-born American author
1946 – Pedro Borbón, Dominican baseball pitcher (d. 2012)
1947 – Isaac Bitton, French rock band drummer (Les Variations)
1947 – Tommy Jenkins, English football player
1947 – Ivan Atanassov Petrov, Bulgarian neurologist
1948 – Elizabeth Berg, American writer
1948 – T. Coraghessan Boyle, American writer
1948 – Toninho Horta, Brazilian musician
1949 – Ron Raines, American actor
1950 – Paul Watson, founder of the Sea Shepherd on Whale Wars.
1950 – Amin Saikal, Afghan-Australian academic
1950 – Benjamin Stora, French historian
1950 – Bob Kevoian, American radio personality
1951 – Adrian Devine, American baseball pitcher
1952 – Carol Shea-Porter, American congresswoman
1952 – Rob Mounsey, American musician
1954 – Dan Butler, American actor
1954 – Stone Phillips, American television journalist
1956 – Steven Bauer, American actor
1957 – Dagfinn Høybråten, Norwegian politician
1958 – George Saunders, American writer
1958 – Uladzimir Parfianovich, Belarusian canoer
1959 – Frank Dietrich, German footballer
1959 – Boman Irani, Indian actor
1960 – Nicholas Dingley alias Razzle, British drummer (Hanoi Rocks) (d. 1984)
1960 – Rick Savage, British bassist (Def Leppard)
1960 – Justus von Dohnányi, German actor
1962 – Kardam, Prince of Turnovo, titular Bulgarian royal family
1963 – Dan Gauthier, American actor
1963 – Ann Patchett, American novelist
1963 – Rich Sutter, Canadian hockey player
1963 – Ron Sutter, Canadian hockey player
1963 – Brendan Coyle, English actor
1966 – Philippe Etchebest, French chef
1966 – Jinsei Shinzaki, Japanese professional wrestler
1967 – Laurie Morgan, Channel Islands chief minister
1968 – Darryl Kile, baseball player (d. 2002)
1968 – Lucy Liu, American actress
1968 – Nate Mendel, American bassist (Foo Fighters)
1968 – Rena Sofer, American actress
1970 – Treach, American rapper (Naughty by Nature)
1970 – Yang Hyun Suk, South Korean record producer
1970 – Joe Lo Truglio, American actor, writer and comedian
1971 – Wilson Jermaine Heredia, American actor
1971 – Francesco Toldo, Italian football player
1971 – Mine Yoshizaki, Japanese manga artist
1971 – Miri Yampolsky, Israeli pianist
1972 – Sergei Zholtok, Latvian ice hockey player (d. 2004)
1973 – Graham Kavanagh, Irish footballer
1973 – Monica Seles, Yugoslavian-born tennis player
1973 – Jan Ullrich, German cyclist
1976 – Eddy Garabito, Dominican baseball player
1976 – Masafumi Goto, Japanese singer (Asian Kung-Fu Generation)
1977 – Siyabonga Nomvethe, South African footballer
1978 – Jarron Collins, American basketball player
1978 – Jason Collins, American basketball player
1978 – Nelly Furtado, Portuguese-Canadian singer and songwriter
1978 – Luigi Malafronte, Italian footballer
1978 – Peter Moylan, Australian baseball player
1978 – Maëlle Ricker, Canadian snowboarder, Olympic gold medalist
1978 – David Rivas, Spanish footballer
1978 – Chris Wolstenholme, British bassist (Muse)
1979 – Melissa Archer, American actress
1979 – Sabina Babayeva, Azerbaijani singer
1979 – Yvonne Catterfeld, German singer and actress
1979 – Michael McIndoe, Scottish professional footballer
1980 – Adam Kreek, Canadian rower
1981 – Danijel Pranjic, Croatian football player
1981 – Britney Spears, American singer, dancer and entertainer
1982 – Michelle Banzer, model/beauty queen
1982 – Christos Karipidis, Greek footballer
1982 – Pizon, American rapper/producer
1982 – Matt Ware, American football player
1983 – Chris Burke, Scottish footballer
1983 – Bibiana Candelas, Mexican volleyball player
1983 – Jaime Durán, Mexican footballer
1983 – Jana Kramer, American actress
1983 – Aaron Rodgers, American football player
1983 – Daniela Ruah, Portuguese actress
1984 – Péter Máté, Hungarian footballer
1985 – Amaury Leveaux, French swimmer
1985 – Dorell Wright, American basketball player
1986 – Claudiu Keserü, Romanian footballer
1986 – Adam Le Fondre, English footballer
1986 – Tal Wilkenfeld, Australian electric bass player
1987 – Teairra Mari, American R&B singer
1988 – Alfred Enoch, British actor
1988 – Soniya Mehra, Indian actress
1989 – Cassie Steele, Canadian actress
1990 – Hikaru Yaotome, Japanese idol (Hey! Say! JUMP)
1990 – Emmanuel Agyemang-Badu, Ghanaian footballer
1990 – Gastón Ramírez, Uruguayan footballer
1990 – Fausto Rossi, Italian footballer
1991 – Brandon Knight, American basketball player
1993 – Kostas Stafylidis, Greek footballer

Deaths

1348 – Emperor Hanazono of Japan (b. 1297)
1381 – John of Ruysbroeck, Flemish mystic
1463 – Archduke Albert VI of Austria (b. 1418)
1469 – Piero di Cosimo de' Medici of Florence (b. 1416)
1515 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general and statesman (b. 1453)
1547 – Hernán Cortés, Spanish explorer and conqueror (b. 1485)
1594 – Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (b. 1512)
1615 – Louis des Balbes de Berton de Crillon, French general
1665 – Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet, French socialite (b. 1588)
1694 – Pierre Paul Puget, French artist (b. 1622)
1719 – Pasquier Quesnel, French Jansenist theologian (b. 1634)
1726 – Samuel Penhallow, English-born American colonist and historian (b. 1665)
1747 – Vincent Bourne, English classical scholar (b. 1695)
1748 – Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset, English politician (b. 1662)
1774 – Johann Friedrich Agricola, German composer and organist (b. 1720)
1814 – Marquis de Sade, French writer (b. 1740)
1844 – Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko, Polish general and politician (b. 1768)
1849 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, wife of William IV of the United Kingdom (b. 1792)
1859 – John Brown, American abolitionist (b. 1800)
1860 – Alfred Bunn, British theatrical manager (b. 1796)
1888 – Namik Kemal, Turkish poet (b. 1840)
1892 – Jay Gould, American entrepreneur (b. 1836)
1899 – Gregorio del Pilar, Filipino general (b. 1875)
1918 – Edmond Rostand, French poet and dramatist (b. 1868)
1924 – Kazimieras Buga, Lithuanian philologist (b. 1879)
1931 – Vincent d'Indy, French composer (b. 1851)
1935 – Albert Jean Louis Ayat, French fencer (b. 1875)
1936 – John Ringling, American circus owner (b. 1866)
1943 – Nordahl Grieg, Norwegian author and journalist (b. 1902)
1944 – Josef Lhévinne, Russian pianist (b. 1874)
1944 – Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Italian writer (b. 1876)
1944 – Eiji Sawamura, Japanese baseball player (b. 1917)
1950 – Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist (b. 1917)
1953 – Reginald Baker, Australian athlete and actor (b. 1884)
1953 – Tran Trong Kim, Vietnamese scholar and politician (b. 1883)
1957 – Harrison Ford, American actor (b. 1884)
1957 – Manfred Sakel, Polish psychiatrist (b. 1902)
1963 – Sabu Dastagir, Indian-born American actor (b. 1924)
1963 – Thomas Hicks, British-born American runner (b. 1875)
1966 – Giles Cooper, Anglo-Irish playwright (b. 1918)
1967 – Billy Chapman, English footballer (b. 1902)
1968 – Adamson-Eric (Eric Adamson), Estonian painter (b. 1902)
1969 – José María Arguedas, Peruvian novelist, poet, and anthropologist (b. 1911)
1969 – Kliment Yefremovich Voroshilov, Russian politician (b. 1881)
1972 – Yip Man, Chinese martial artist (b. 1893)
1974 – Max Weber, Swiss politician (b. 1897)
1976 – Danny Murtaugh, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
1980 – Roza Eskenazi, Greek singer (b. 1890s)
1980 – Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Pakistani politician (b. 1905)
1980 – Romain Gary, Lithuanian-born French writer (b. 1914)
1982 – Marty Feldman, British comedian, writer and actor (b. 1933)
1983 – Fifi D'Orsay, Canadian actress (b. 1904)
1985 – Aniello Dellacroce, American organized crime figure (b. 1914)
1985 – Philip Larkin, English writer and jazz critic (b. 1922)
1986 – Desi Arnaz, Cuban-born actor and band leader (b. 1917)
1986 – John Curtis Gowan, American psychologist (b. 1912)
1987 – Luis Federico Leloir, French-born chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1906)
1987 – Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich, Russian physicist (b. 1914)
1988 – Karl-Heinz Bürger, German SS-Oberführer (b. 1904)
1988 – Tata Giacobetti, Italian singer and lyricist (b. 1922)
1990 – Aaron Copland, American composer (b. 1900)
1990 – Robert Cummings, American actor (b. 1908)
1992 – Michael Gothard, English actor (b. 1939)
1993 – Pablo Escobar, Colombian drug trafficker (b. 1949)
1995 – Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist (b. 1913)
1995 – Roxie Roker, American actress (b. 1929)
1997 – Shirley Crabtree, British professional wrestler (b. 1930)
1997 – Michael Hedges, American guitarist (b. 1953)
2000 – Gail Fisher, American actress (b. 1935)
2002 – Ivan Illich, Austrian priest and philosopher (b. 1926)
2002 – Arno Peters, German historian (b. 1916)
2003 – Alan Davidson, British author (b. 1924)
2004 – Mona Van Duyn, American poet (b. 1921)
2004 – Alicia Markova, British ballerina (b. 1910)
2004 – Leonid Telyatnikov, Kazakhstani fire chief at Chernobyl (b. 1951)
2005 – Kenneth Lee Boyd, American convicted murderer (b. 1948)
2005 – Van Tuong Nguyen, Thai-born Australian drug smuggler (b. 1980)
2005 – Nat Mayer Shapiro, American painter (b. 1919)
2005 – William P. Lawrence, American naval officer (b. 1930)
2006 – Mariska Veres, Dutch singer (Shocking Blue) (b. 1947)
2007 – Jennifer Alexander, Canadian ballet dancer (b. 1972)
2008 – Edward Samuel Rogers, Canadian entrepreneur (b. 1933)
2008 – Kathleen Baskin-Ball, American religious figure (b. 1958)
2008 – Odetta, American singer (b. 1930)
2009 – Maggie Jones, English actress (b. 1934)
2009 – Eric Woolfson, Scottish singer and producer (The Alan Parsons Project) (b. 1945)
2009 – Foge Fazio, American college football coach (b. 1938)