today.nukz.net: Almanac December 30

Bjarne Stroustrup (born 30 December 1950 in Aarhus, Denmark) is a Danish computer scientist, most notable for the creation and the development of the widely used C++ programming language. He is currently Professor and holder of the College of Engineering Chair in Computer Science at Texas A&M University.

Stroustrup began developing C++ in 1978 (then called "C with Classes"), and, in his own words, "invented C++, wrote its early definitions, and produced its first implementation... chose and formulated the design criteria for C++, designed all its major facilities, and was responsible for the processing of extension proposals in the C++ standards committee." Stroustrup also wrote what many consider to be the standard textbook for the language, The C++ Programming Language, which is now in its third edition. The text has been revised twice to reflect the evolution of the language and the work of the C++ standards committee.

Events

1066 – Granada massacre: A Muslim mob storms the royal palace in Granada, crucifies Jewish vizier Joseph ibn Naghrela and massacres most of the Jewish population of the city.
1460 – Wars of the Roses: Battle of Wakefield.
1702 – Queen Anne's War: James Moore, Governor of the Province of Carolina, abandons the Siege of St. Augustine.
1816 – The Treaty of St. Louis (1816) between the United States and the united Ottawa, Ojibwa, and Potawatomi Indian tribes is proclaimed.
1825 – The Treaty of St. Louis (1825) between the United States and the Shawnee Nation is proclaimed.
1853 – Gadsden Purchase: The United States buys land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest.
1896 – Filipino patriot and reform advocate José Rizal is executed by a Spanish firing squad in Manila, Philippines.
1897 – The British Colony of Natal annexes Zululand.
1903 – A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago, Illinois kills at least 605.
1905 – Former Idaho Governor Frank Steunenberg is assassinated at the front gate of his home in Caldwell.
1906 – The All-India Muslim League is founded in Dacca, East Bengal, British India. It went on to lay the foundations of Pakistan.
1916 – The last coronation in Hungary is performed for King Charles IV and Queen Zita.
1919 – Lincoln's Inn in London, England, UK admits its first female bar student.
1922 – The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is formed.
1927 – The Ginza Line, the first subway line in Asia, opens in Tokyo, Japan.
1936 – The United Auto Workers union stages its first sitdown strike.
1943 – Subhas Chandra Bose raises the flag of Indian independence at Port Blair.
1944 – King George II of Greece declares a regency, leaving the throne vacant.
1947 – King Michael of Romania is forced to abdicate by the Soviet Union-backed Communist government of Romania.
1948 – The Cole Porter Broadway musical, Kiss Me, Kate (1,077 performances), opens at the New Century Theatre and becomes the first show to win the Best Musical Tony Award.
1965 – Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines.
1972 – Vietnam War: The United States halts heavy bombing of North Vietnam.
1977 – For the second time, Ted Bundy escapes from his cell in Glenwood Springs, Colorado.
1981 – In the 39th game of his third NHL season, Wayne Gretzky scores five goals, giving him 50 on the year and setting a new NHL record previously held by Maurice Richard and Mike Bossy, who earlier had each scored 50 goals in 50 games.
1993 – Israel and Vatican City establish diplomatic relations.
1996 – In the Indian state of Assam, a passenger train is bombed by Bodo separatists, killing 26.
1996 – Proposed budget cuts by Benjamin Netanyahu spark protests from 250,000 workers who shut down services across Israel.
1997 – In the worst incident in Algeria's insurgency, the Wilaya of Relizane massacres, 400 people from four villages are killed.
2000 – Rizal Day bombings: A series of bombs explode in various places in Metro Manila, Philippines within a period of a few hours, killing 22 and injuring about a hundred.
2004 – A fire in the República Cromagnon nightclub in Buenos Aires, Argentina kills 194.
2005 – Tropical Storm Zeta forms in the open Atlantic Ocean, tying the record for the latest tropical cyclone ever to form in the North Atlantic basin.
2006 – Madrid–Barajas Airport is bombed.
2006 – The Indonesian passenger ferry MV Senopati Nusantara sinks in a storm, resulting in at least 400 deaths.
2006 – Former President of Iraq Saddam Hussein is executed.
2009 – A segment of the Lanzhou–Zhengzhou–Changsha pipeline ruptures in Shaanxi, China, and approximately 150,000 l (40,000 US gal) of diesel oil flows down the Wei River before finally reaching the Yellow River.
2009 – A suicide bomber kills 9 people at Forward Operating Base Chapman, a key facility of the Central Intelligence Agency in Afghanistan.
2011 – Owing to a change of time zone the day is skipped in Samoa and Tokelau.

Births

39 – Titus, Roman emperor (d. 81)
1204 – Abû 'Uthmân Sa'îd ibn Hakam al Qurashi, ruler of Minorca (d. 1282)
1642 – Vincenzo da Filicaja, Italian poet (d. 1707)
1673 – Ahmed III, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1736)
1678 – William Croft, English composer (d. 1727)
1722 – Charles Yorke, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (d. 1770)
1724 – Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée, French painter (d. 1805)
1741 – Princess Elizabeth of Great Britain (d. 1759)
1760 – Charles Sapinaud de La Rairie, French royalist general and counterrevolutionary (d. 1829)
1785 – Dorothea Lieven, Russian noblewoman (d. 1857)
1792 – Sylvester Jordan, German politician and lawyer (d. 1861)
1819 – Theodor Fontane, German writer (d. 1898)
1819 – John W. Geary, 1st Mayor of San Francisco (d. 1873)
1825 – Samuel Newitt Wood, American Politician (d. 1891)
1838 – Émile Loubet, 7th President of France (d. 1929)
1849 – John Milne, English seismologist and geologist (d. 1913)
1851 – Asa Griggs Candler, American businessman and politician (d. 1929)
1853 – André Messager, French composer (d. 1929)
1865 – Rudyard Kipling, English writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)
1869 – Stephen Leacock, English-born Canadian writer and economist (d. 1944)
1869 – Ozutsu Man'emon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 18th Yokozuna (d. 1918)
1873 – Al Smith, American politician (d. 1944)
1875 – Jean-Guy Gautier, French rugby player (d. 1938)
1878 – William Aberhart, Canadian politician (d. 1943)
1879 – Sri Ramana Maharshi, Indian philosopher (d. 1950)
1883 – Lester Patrick, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1960)
1884 – Hideki Tojo, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1948)
1890 – Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, President of Mexico (d. 1973)
1897 – Alfredo Bracchi, Italian author (d. 1976)
1899 – Helge Ingstad, Norwegian explorer (d. 2001)
1904 – Dmitry Kabalevsky, Russian composer (d. 1987)
1905 – Daniil Kharms, Soviet-era surrealist and absurdist poet, writer and dramatist (d. 1942)
1906 – Carol Reed, English film director (d. 1976)
1910 – Paul Bowles, American composer and author (d. 1999)
1911 – Jeanette Nolan, American actress (d. 1998)
1913 – Lucio Agostini, Italian-born Canadian conductor and composer (d. 1996)
1913 – Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (d. 2002)
1914 – Bert Parks, American television host (d. 1992)
1914 – Jo Van Fleet, American actress (d. 1996)
1917 – Seymour Melman, American industrial engineer (d. 2004)
1920 – Jack Lord, American actor (d. 1998)
1921 – Rashid Karami, Lebanese statesman (d. 1987)
1927 – Bernard Barrow, American actor (d. 1993)
1927 – Robert Hossein, French film actor and director
1928 – Bo Diddley, American singer and musician (d. 2008)
1929 – Rosalinde Hurley, British physician, barrister, ethicist and writer (d. 2004)
1929 – Barbara Nichols, American actress (d. 1976)
1931 – Skeeter Davis, American singer (d. 2004)
1934 – John N. Bahcall, American physicist (d. 2005)
1934 – Joseph Bologna, American actor
1934 – Joseph P. Hoar, former US Central Command commander
1934 – Del Shannon, American singer (d. 1990)
1934 – Russ Tamblyn, American actor, dancer, and singer
1935 – Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (d. 2009)
1935 – Sandy Koufax, American baseball player
1935 – Jack Riley, American actor
1937 – Gordon Banks, English footballer
1937 – John Hartford, American musician (d. 2001)
1937 – Jim Marshall, American football player
1937 – Paul Stookey, American folk singer (Peter, Paul and Mary)
1939 – Glenda Adams, Australian author (d. 2007)
1939 – Felix Pappalardi, American musician and recording producer (Mountain) (d. 1983)
1940 – James Burrows, American television director
1941 – Mel Renfro, American football player
1942 – Betty Aberlin, American actress
1942 – Vladimir Bukovsky, Russian author and dissident
1942 – Guy Edwards, English racing driver
1942 – Michael Nesmith, American singer, songwriter, actor, and musician (The Monkees)
1942 – Janko Prunk, Slovenian historian
1942 – Fred Ward, American actor
1943 – Gösta Winbergh, Swedish tenor (d. 2002)
1944 – William J. Fallon, U.S. Navy Admiral, former U.S. Central Command commander
1945 – Davy Jones, English singer, songwriter and actor (The Monkees) (d. 2012)
1945 – Lloyd Kaufman, American film director and producer
1945 – Concetta Tomei, American actress
1945 – Vernon Wells, Australian actor
1946 – Patti Smith, American singer and poet
1946 – Clive Bunker, British rock drummer (Jethro Tull)
1947 – Michael Burns, American historian
1947 – Jeff Lynne, English musician (ELO)
1947 – Steve Mix, American basketball player
1948 – Jed Johnson, American interior designer and film director (d. 1996)
1949 – Jim Flaherty, Canadian politician
1950 – Lewis Shiner, American sci-fi/fantasy author
1950 – Bjarne Stroustrup, Danish computer scientist, creator of C++
1951 – Doug Allder, English footballer
1952 – June Anderson, American soprano
1952 – Melissa Fay Greene, American author
1953 – Bill Kazmaier, American powerlifter
1953 – Daniel Barry, American astronaut
1953 – Dana Key, American Christian rock guitarist, singer, and producer (DeGarmo and Key) (d. 2010)
1953 – Meredith Vieira, American television journalist and game show host
1954 – Barry Greenstein, American poker player
1955 – Dindo Yogo, Congolese musician (d. 2000)
1956 – Suzy Bogguss, American singer
1956 – Claudia di Girolamo, Chilean actress
1956 – Patricia Kalember, American actress
1956 – Sheryl Lee Ralph, American actress
1957 – Matt Lauer, American newscaster
1957 – Glenn Robbins Australian actor and comedian
1957 – Rod Harrington, English darts player
1958 – Steven L. Smith, American astronaut
1959 – Tracey Ullman, English actress and singer
1959 – Josée Verner, Canadian politician
1961 – Douglas Coupland, Canadian author
1961 – Sean Hannity, American talk radio and television host
1961 – Ben Johnson, Canadian athlete
1962 – Henry Cho, Korean-American comedian
1962 – Joshua Clover, American poet
1963 – Chandler Burr, American author
1963 – Michelle Douglas, Canadian human rights activist
1963 – John van 't Schip, Dutch footballer and football coach
1963 – Milan Šrejber, Czech tennis player
1964 – Sylvie Moreau, French Canadian actress
1964 – Duglas T. Stewart, Scottish musician (BMX Bandits)
1965 – Heidi Fleiss, American madam
1966 – Bennett Miller, American film director
1967 – Karen Dunne, American track and road cyclist
1967 – Carl Ouellet, Canadian professional wrestler
1968 – Meredith Monroe, American actress
1969 – Dave England, American television personality
1969 – Jay Kay, English musician (Jamiroquai)
1969 – Jan Wehrmann, German footballer
1971 – Daniel Sunjata, American actor
1971 – Ricardo López Felipe, Spanish footballer
1972 – Kerry Collins, American football player
1972 – Paul Keegan, Irish footballer
1972 – Steven Wiig, American actor and musician
1973 – Frans Bauer, Dutch singer
1972 – Dita Indah Sari, Indonesian union activist
1973 – Jason Behr, American actor
1973 – Ato Boldon, Trinidadian athlete
1973 – Nacho Vidal, Spanish porn star
1974 – Alexandro Alves do Nascimento, Brazilian footballer (d. 2012)
1974 – Johanna Sällström, Swedish actress (d. 2007)
1974 – S. Jithesh, World's Fastest Performing Cartoonist
1975 – Scott Chipperfield, Australian soccer player
1975 – Tiger Woods, American golfer
1976 – Ashley Callie, South African actress (d. 2008)
1976 – Patrick Kerney, American football player
1976 – A. J. Pierzynski, American baseball player
1976 – Kastro, American Rapper (Outlawz)
1977 – Laila Ali, American boxer
1977 – Saša Ilic, Serbian footballer
1977 – Grant Balfour, Australian baseball player
1977 – Scott Lucas, Australian rules footballer
1977 – Kenyon Martin, American basketball player
1977 – Kazuyuki Toda, Japanese footballer
1978 – Devin Brown, American basketball player
1978 – Tyrese, American singer and actor
1978 – Zbigniew Robert Prominski, Polish drummer
1978 – Rob Scuderi, American ice hockey player
1979 – Flávio, Angolan footballer
1979 – Michael Grimm, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1980 – Eliza Dushku, American actress
1980 – Kenny Kwan, Hong Kong singer
1980 – D. J. Mbenga, basketball player
1980 – Spencer Day, American Singer and Actor
1981 – Ali Al-Habsi, Omani footballer
1981 – Haley Paige, American porn star (d. 2007)
1981 – Michael Rodríguez, Costa Rican footballer
1981 – Matt Ulrich, American football player
1981 – K.Will, South Korean singer
1981 – Reef the Lost Cauze, American rapper
1982 – Robbie Gould, American football player
1982 – Kristin Kreuk, Canadian actress
1982 – Tobias Kurbjuweit, German footballer
1982 – Dawan Landry, American football player
1982 – Dathan Ritzenhein, American runner
1983 – Davide Mandorlini, Italian footballer
1983 – Josh Sussman, American actor
1984 – Randall Azofeifa, Costa Rican footballer
1984 – LeBron James, American basketball player
1985 – Lars Boom, Dutch cyclist
1985 – Bryson Goodwin, rugby league player
1986 – Domenico Criscito, Italian footballer
1986 – Ellie Goulding, British singer
1986 – Gianni Zuiverloon, Dutch footballer
1987 – Jake Cuenca, Filipino actor and commercial model
1988 – Leon Jackson, Scottish singer
1989 – Ryan Sheckler, American professional skateboarder
1992 – Ryan Tunnicliffe, English footballer

Deaths

274 – Pope Felix I
1218 – Richard de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford, English politician (b. 1162)
1460 – Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York, claimant to the English throne (killed in battle) (b. 1411)
1460 – Edmund, Earl of Rutland, second son of Richard, Duke of York (murdered after battle) (b. 1443)
1525 – Jakob Fugger, German banker (b. 1459)
1572 – Galeazzo Alessi, Italian architect (b. 1512)
1573 – Giovanni Battista Giraldi, Italian writer (b. 1504)
1591 – Pope Innocent IX (b. 1519)
1621 – Job of Manyava, Ukrainian Orthodox Saint (b. 1550)
1640 – John Francis Regis, French saint (b. 1597)
1644 – Jan Baptist van Helmont, Flemish chemist (b. 1577)
1662 – Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria (b. 1628)
1691 – Robert Boyle, English scientist (b. 1627)
1769 – Nicholas Taaffe, 6th Viscount Taaffe, Austrian soldier (b. 1685)
1803 – Francis Lewis, signer of the American Declaration of Independence (b. 1713)
1879 – Manuel de Araújo Porto-alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo, Brazilian Romantic poet, painter and caricaturist (b. 1806)
1896 – José Rizal, national hero of the Philippines, (executed) (b. 1861)
1908 – Thomas-Alfred Bernier, Canadian lawyer, journalist and senator (b. 1844)
1928 – Jean Collas, French rugby player (b. 1874)
1937 – Hans Niels Andersen, Danish businessman, founder of the East Asiatic Company (b. 1852)
1940 – Childe Wills, early associate of Henry Ford, one of the first employees of the Ford Motor Company, and a contributor to the design of the Model T (b. 1878)
1941 – El Lissitzky, Russian artist and architect (b. 1890)
1944 – Romain Rolland, French writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1866)
1945 – Song Jin-woo, Korean politician, educationist, journalist (b. 1889)
1947 – Alfred North Whitehead, English mathematician and philosopher (b. 1861)
1947 – Han van Meegeren, Dutch painter, portraitist and art forger (b. 1889)
1954 – Archduke Eugen of Austria, Austrian field marshal (b. 1863)
1955 – Rex Ingamells, Australian poet (b. 1913)
1967 – Vincent Massey, Governor General of Canada (b. 1887)
1968 – Trygve Lie, Norwegian politician, first United Nations Secretary General (b. 1896)
1970 – Angelos Evert, Greek police chief (b. 1894)
1970 – Sonny Liston, American boxer (b. 1932)
1971 – Melba Rae, American actress (b. 1922)
1971 – Jo Cals, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1965 to 1966. (b. 1914)
1979 – Richard Rodgers, American composer (b. 1902)
1981 – Alfie Anido, Filipino actor (b. 1959)
1984 – Massa, oldest gorilla on record (b. 1930)
1986 – Era Bell Thompson, American journalist (b. 1905)
1988 – Yuli Daniel, Russian writer (b. 1925)
1989 – Leonore Lemmon, wife of George Reeves (b. 1923)
1992 – Ling-Ling, panda given to the USA by China (b. 1969)
1993 – Mack David, American lyricist and songwriter (b. 1912)
1993 – Irving "Swifty" Lazar, American Hollywood talent agent (b. 1907)
1993 – Giuseppe Occhialini, Italian physicist (b. 1907)
1994 – Dmitri Ivanenko, Russian physicist (b. 1904)
1994 – Maureen Starkey, wife of Ringo Starr (b. 1946)
1995 – Ralph Flanagan – American band leader (b. 1914)
1995 – Doris Grau, American actress (b. 1924)
1996 – Lew Ayres, American actor (b. 1908)
1996 – Jack Nance, American actor (b. 1943)
1997 – Shinichi Hoshi, Japanese novelist (b. 1926)
1998 – Johnny Moore, American singer (The Drifters) (b. 1934)
1998 – Sam Muchnick, American professional wrestling promoter (b. 1905)
1998 – George Webb, English actor (b. 1911)
1999 – Fritz Leonhardt, German structural engineer (b. 1909)
1999 – Sarah Knauss, American, once considered the world's oldest living person (b. 1880)
2000 – Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter (b. 1909)
2002 – Mary Brian, American actress (b. 1906)
2002 – Eleanor Gibson, American developmental psychologist (b. 1910)
2002 – Mary Wesley, English novelist (b. 1912)
2003 – David Bale, South African–born activist (b. 1941)
2003 – John Gregory Dunne, American writer (b. 1932)
2003 – Anita Mui, Hong Kong singer and actress (b. 1963)
2004 – Artie Shaw, American jazz clarinetist, composer, and bandleader (b. 1910)
2005 – Eddie Barlow, South African cricketer (b. 1940)
2005 – Rona Jaffe, American author (b. 1932)
2006 – Terry Peck, Falkland Islander who acted as a scout for 3rd Battalion, The Parachute Regiment in the Falklands War (b. 1938)
2006 – Michel Plasse, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1948)
2006 – Saddam Hussein, former Iraqi Dictator, (executed for war crimes) (b. 1937)
2007 – Themis Cholevas, Greek basketball player (b. 1926)
2009 – Rowland S. Howard, Australian guitarist (The Birthday Party) (b. 1959)
2009 – Abdurrahman Wahid, 4th President of Indonesia (b. 1940)
2010 – Bobby Farrell, Aruban singer (Boney M.) (b. 1949)
2010 – Per Oscarsson, Swedish actor (b. 1927)
2011 – Ronald Searle, British cartoonist and writer (b. 1920)
2012 – Rita Levi-Montalcini, Italian neurologist and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1909)