today.nukz.net: Almanac - January 28

Almanac - January 28

Colette 1873-1954

Events

98 – Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.
1077 – Walk to Canossa: The excommunication of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor is lifted.
1521 – The Diet of Worms begins, lasting until May 25.
1547 – Henry VIII dies. His nine year old son, Edward VI becomes King, and the first Protestant ruler of England.
1573 – Articles of the Warsaw Confederation are signed, sanctioning freedom of religion in Poland.
1624 – Sir Thomas Warner founds the first British colony in the Caribbean, on the island of Saint Kitts.
1724 – The Russian Academy of Sciences is founded in St. Petersburg by Peter the Great, and implemented by Senate decree. It is called the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences until 1917.
1754 – Horace Walpole coins the word serendipity in a letter to Horace Mann.
1760 – Pownal, Vermont is created by Benning Wentworth as one of the New Hampshire Grants.
1813 – Pride and Prejudice is first published in the United Kingdom.
1820 – A Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev discovers the Antarctic continent approaching the Antarctic coast.
1821 – Alexander Island is first discovered by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen.
1846 – The Battle of Aliwal, India, is won by British troops commanded by Sir Harry Smith.
1851 – Northwestern University becomes the first chartered university in Illinois.
1855 – The first locomotive runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean on the Panama Railway.
1871 – Franco-Prussian War: the Siege of Paris ends in French defeat and an armistice.
1878 – Yale Daily News becomes the first daily college newspaper in the United States.
1887 – In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana, the world's largest snowflakes are reported, 15 inches (38 cm) wide and 8 inches (20 cm) thick.
1896 – Walter Arnold of East Peckham, Kent became the first person to be convicted of speeding. He was fined 1 shilling, plus costs, for speeding at 8 mph (13 km/h), thus exceeding the contemporary speed limit of 2 mph (3.2 km/h).
1902 – The Carnegie Institution of Washington is founded in Washington, D.C. with a $10 million gift from Andrew Carnegie.
1908 – Members of the Portuguese Republican Party fail in their attempted coup d'état against the administrative dictatorship of Prime Minister João Franco.
1909 – United States troops leave Cuba with the exception of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base after being there since the Spanish-American War.
1915 – An act of the U.S. Congress creates the United States Coast Guard.
1917 – Municipally owned streetcars take to the streets of San Francisco, California.
1918 – Finnish Civil War: Rebels seized control of the capital, Helsinki, and members of the Senate of Finland go underground.
1922 – Knickerbocker Storm, Washington D.C.'s biggest snowfall, causes the city's greatest loss of life when the roof of the Knickerbocker Theatre collapses.
1932 – Japanese forces attack Shanghai.
1933 – The name Pakistan is coined by Choudhary Rehmat Ali Khan and is accepted by the Indian Muslims who then thereby adopted it further for the Pakistan Movement seeking independence.
1934 – The first ski tow in the United States begins operation in Vermont.
1935 – Iceland becomes the first Western country to legalize therapeutic abortion.
1938 – The World Land Speed Record on a public road is broken by driver Rudolf Caracciola in the Mercedes-Benz W195 at a speed of 432.7 kilometres per hour (268.9 mph).
1941 – French-Thai War: Final air battle of the conflict. Japanese-mediated armistice goes into effect later in the day.
1945 – World War II: Supplies begin to reach the Republic of China over the newly reopened Burma Road.
1956 – Elvis Presley made his first US TV appearance
1958 – The Lego company patents the design of its Lego bricks, still compatible with bricks produced today.
1958 – The last episode of the British radio comedy programme Goon Show was broadcast.
1964 – An unarmed USAF T-39 Sabreliner on a training mission is shot down over Erfurt, East Germany, by a Soviet MiG-19.
1965 – The current design of the Flag of Canada is chosen by an act of Parliament.
1977 – The first day of the Great Lakes Blizzard of 1977, which severely affects and cripples much of Upstate New York, but Buffalo, NY, Syracuse, NY, Watertown, NY, and surrounding areas are most affected, each area accumulating close to 10 feet (3.0 m) of snow on this one day.

Disintegration of the Space Shuttle Challenger.
1980 – USCGC Blackthorn collides with the tanker Capricorn while leaving Tampa Florida and capsizes killing 23 Coast Guard crewmembers.
1981 – Ronald Reagan lifts remaining domestic petroleum price and allocation controls in the United States helping to end the 1979 energy crisis and begin the 1980s oil glut.
1982 – US Army general James L. Dozier is rescued by Italian anti-terrorism forces from captivity by the Red Brigades.
1984 – Tropical Storm Domoina makes landfall in southern Mozambique, eventually causing 214 deaths and some of the most severe flooding so far recorded in the region.
1985 – Supergroup USA for Africa (United Support of Artists for Africa) records the hit single We Are the World, to help raise funds for Ethiopian famine relief.
1986 – Space Shuttle program: STS-51-L mission – Space Shuttle Challenger breaks apart after liftoff killing all seven astronauts on board.
1988 – The last episode of the British TV series Yes, Prime Minister, entitled The Tangled Web, was broadcast.
2002 – TAME Flight 120, a Boeing 727-100 crashes in the Andes mountains in southern Colombia killing 92.
2006 – The roof of one of the buildings at the Katowice International Fair in Chorzów / Katowice, Poland, collapses due to the weight of snow, killing 65 and injuring more than 170 others.
2010 – Five murderers of President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of Bangladesh: Lieutenant Colonel Syed Faruq Rahman, Lieutenant Colonel Sultan Shahriar Rashid Khan, Major AKM Mohiuddin Ahmed, Major Bazlul Huda and Lieutenant Colonel Mohiuddin Ahmed are hanged.
2011 – Hundreds of thousands of protesters filled up the Egyptian's streets in demonstrations referred to as "Friday of Anger" against the Mubarak regime.

Births

1225 – Saint Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274)
1312 – Queen Joan II of Navarre (d. 1349)
1457 – King Henry VII of England (d. 1509)
1540 – Ludolph van Ceulen, German mathematician (d. 1610)
1582 – John Barclay, Scottish writer (d. 1621)
1600 – Pope Clement IX (d. 1669)
1608 – Giovanni Alfonso Borelli, Italian physiologist and physicist (d. 1679)
1611 – Johannes Hevelius, Polish-born astronomer (d. 1687)
1622 – Adrien Auzout, French astronomer (d. 1691)
1701 – Charles Marie de La Condamine, French mathematician and geographer (d. 1774)
1706 – John Baskerville, English printer (d. 1775)
1712 – Tokugawa Ieshige, Japanese shogun (d. 1761)
1717 – Mustafa III, Ottoman sultan (d. 1774)
1719 – Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (d. 1749)
1755 – Samuel Thomas von Sömmering, German physician (d. 1830)
1784 – George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the UK (d. 1860)
1818 – George S. Boutwell, American politician, 20th Governor of Massachusetts and later the 28th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1905)
1822 – Alexander Mackenzie, 2nd Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1892)
1833 – Charles George 'Chinese' Gordon, British soldier and administrator (d. 1885)
1841 – Henry Morton Stanley, Welsh-born explorer and journalist (d. 1904)
1853 – José Martí, Cuban revolutionary (d. 1895)
1857 – William Seward Burroughs I, American inventor (d. 1898)
1858 – Tannatt William Edgeworth David, KBE, DSO, FRS, Welsh-born Australian geologist and Antarctic explorer (d. 1934)
1861 – Julián Felipe, Filipino musician (d. 1944)
1863 – Ernest William Christmas, Australian painter (d. 1918)
1864 – Charles W. Nash, American automobile entrepreneur (d. 1948)
1864 – Herbert Akroyd Stuart, English inventor (d. 1927)
1865 – Lala Lajpat Rai, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1928)
1865 – Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, first president of Finland (d. 1952)
1873 – Colette, French writer (d. 1954)
1874 – Vsevolod Meyerhold, Russian theatre director (d. 1940)
1880 – Herbert Strudwick, English cricketer (d. 1970)
1884 – Auguste Piccard, Swiss physicist (d. 1962)
1885 – Vahan Terian, Armenian poet, lyricist and public activist (d. 1920)
1886 – Marthe Bibesco, Romanian writer (d. 1973)
1886 – Hidetsugu Yagi, Japanese electrical engineer (d. 1976)
1887 – Arthur Rubinstein, Polish pianist (d. 1982)
1890 – Robert Stroud, American convict, the Birdman of Alcatraz (d. 1963)
1891 – Bill Doak, American baseball player (d. 1954)
1892 – Ernst Lubitsch, German-born film director (d. 1947)
1897 – Valentin Kataev, Russian writer (d. 1986)
1899 – Elias Simojoki, Finnish clergyman and politician (d. 1940)
1900 – Alice Neel, American artist (d. 1984)
1903 – Aleksander Kaminski, Polish writer (d. 1978)
1904 – Canuplin, Filipino magician and bodabil entertainer (d. 1979)
1908 – Paul Misraki, French composer and songwriter (d. 1998)
1909 – John Thomson, Scottish footballer (d. 1931)
1910 – John Banner, Austrian actor (d. 1973)
1910 – Arnold Moss, American actor (d. 1989)
1911 – Johan van Hulst, Dutch politician
1912 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (d. 1956)
1915 – Nien Cheng, Chinese-born American writer (d. 2009)
1918 – Harry Corbett, English puppeteer (Sooty) (d. 1989)
1918 – Trevor Skeet, New Zealand-born British politician (d. 2004)
1919 – Francis Gabreski, American fighter pilot (d. 2002)
1922 – Robert W. Holley, American biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1993)
1924 – Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian painter (d. 1976)
1925 – Scotty Bloch, American stage and television actress
1927 – Per Oscarsson, Swedish actor (d. 2010)
1927 – Ronnie Scott, British tenor saxophonist and club owner (d. 1996)
1927 – Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director (d. 2001)
1929 – Acker Bilk, English jazz clarinetist
1929 – Claes Oldenburg, Swedish-born artist
1930 – Kurt Biedenkopf, German politician
1933 – Jack Hill, American film director
1934 – Juan Manuel Bordeu, Argentine racing driver (d. 1990)
1934 – Mitr Chaibancha, Thai actor (d. 1970)
1935 – David Lodge, English author
1936 – Alan Alda, American actor, writer, and director
1936 – Ismail Kadare, Albanian writer
1938 – Leonid Zhabotynsky, Ukrainian weightlifter
1939 – John M. Fabian, NASA astronaut
1940 – Carlos Slim, Mexican businessman
1941 – Joel Crothers, American actor (d. 1985)
1941 – Osbourne 'King Tubby' Ruddock, Jamaican musician and sound engineer (d. 1989)
1943 – John Beck, American actor
1943 – Paul Henderson, Canadian ice hockey player
1943 – Dick Taylor, English musician (The Rolling Stones and The Pretty Things)
1944 – Susan Howard, American actress
1944 – John Tavener, English composer
1945 – Karen Lynn Gorney, American actress
1945 – Marthe Keller, Swiss actress
1945 – John Perkins, American author and activist
1945 – Robert Wyatt, English musician
1947 – Jeanne Shaheen, American politician, senior senator of New Hampshire
1948 – Charles Taylor, former (22nd) President of Liberia
1949 – Tom Downey, former American Congressman
1949 – Gregg Popovich, American basketball coach
1950 – Barbi Benton, American actress
1950 – David C. Hilmers, NASA astronaut
1950 – Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifah, King of Bahrain
1950 – Bob Hay, American songwriter and musician
1951 – Brian Bilbray, American politician
1951 – Leonid Kadeniuk, Ukrainian cosmonaut
1953 – Colin Campbell, Canadian ice hockey player and executive
1953 – Chris Carter, English musician (Throbbing Gristle, Chris & Cosey)
1954 – Rick Warren, American pastor and author
1955 – Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France
1957 – Mark Napier, Canadian ice hockey player
1957 – Frank Skinner, British comedian
1957 – Nick Price, Zimbabwean golfer
1959 – Burkhard Dallwitz, German-born composer
1959 – Frank Darabont, American filmmaker
1959 – Megan McDonald, American children's literature author
1959 – Randi Rhodes, radio personality
1959 – Dave Sharp, Welsh guitarist (The Alarm)
1960 – Robert von Dassanowsky, American historian, writer, and producer
1961 – Arnaldur Indridason, Icelandic writer
1961 – Normand Rochefort, Canadian ice hockey player
1962 – Keith Hamilton Cobb, American actor
1962 – Creflo Dollar, American televangelist
1962 – Sam Phillips, American singer
1963 – Dan Spitz, American musician, guitarist (Anthrax)
1965 – Lynda Boyd, American actress
1967 – Jan Lamb, Chinese disc jockey & comedian
1968 – Sarah McLachlan, Canadian singer and songwriter
1968 – DJ Muggs, American musician (Cypress Hill)
1968 – Rakim (William Michael Griffin Jr.), American rapper
1969 – Kathryn Morris, American actress
1969 – Mo Rocca, American writer and comedian
1969 – Linda Sanchez, American politician
1971 – Anthony Hamilton, American soul singer
1972 – Nicky Southall, English footballer
1974 – Tony Delk, American basketball player
1974 – Jermaine Dye, American baseball player
1974 – Magglio Ordóñez, Venezuelan baseball player
1975 – Terri Colombino, American actress
1975 – Tanya Chua, Singaporean singer
1975 – Lee Latchford-Evans, English singer
1975 – Anne Montminy, Canadian diver
1975 – Junior Spivey, American baseball player
1976 – Lee Ingleby, British actor
1976 – Emiko Kado, Japanese wrestler (d. 1999)
1976 – Mark Madsen, American basketball player
1976 – Jarrod Montague, American drummer (Taproot)
1976 – Rick Ross, rapper
1976 – Miltiadis Sapanis, Greek footballer
1977 – Daunte Culpepper, American football player
1977 – Matt DeVries, American guitarist (Chimaira)
1977 – Joey Fatone, American singer (*NSYNC)
1977 – Lyle Overbay, American baseball player
1977 – Takuma Sato, Japanese racing driver
1978 – Gianluigi Buffon, Italian footballer
1978 – Jamie Carragher, English footballer
1978 – Papa Bouba Diop, Senegalese footballer
1978 – Stephen Farrelly, Irish professional wrestler
1979 – Ali Boulala, Swedish skateboarder
1980 – Nick Carter, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
1980 – Yasuhito Endo, Japanese footballer
1980 – Jesse James Hollywood, American drug dealer and fugitive
1981 – Elijah Wood, American actor
1984 – Stephen Gostkowski, American football player
1984 – Andre Iguodala, American basketball player
1985 – Daniel Carcillo, Canadian hockey player
1985 – J. Cole, American rapper
1985 – Arnold Mvuemba, French footballer
1985 – Libby Trickett, Australian swimmer
1986 – Jessica Ennis, British athlete
1986 – Shruti Haasan, Indian actress
1987 – Chelsea Brummet, American actress
1988 – Paul Henry, English footballer
1989 – Siem de Jong, Dutch footballer
1990 – Kalifa Fai-Fai Loa, New Zealand rugby league footballer
1990 – Alexandra Krosney, American actress
1991 – Calum Worthy, Canadian actor and musician
1992 – Andrei Savchenko, Russian professional footballer
1993 – Will Poulter, English actor
1998 – Ariel Winter, American actress (Modern Family)

Deaths

814 – Charlemagne (b. 742)
1061 – Duke Spytihnev II of Bohemia (b. 1031)
1271 – Isabella of Aragon, queen of Philip III of France (b. 1247)
1443 – Robert le Maçon, Chancellor of France
1547 – King Henry VIII of England (b. 1491)
1613 – Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and library founder (b. 1545)
1621 – Pope Paul V (b. 1550)
1672 – Pierre Séguier, Chancellor of France (b. 1588)
1681 – Richard Allestree, English royalist churchman (b. 1619)
1687 – Johannes Hevelius, Polish astronomer (b. 1611)
1697 – John Fenwick, English conspirator
1754 – Ludvig Holberg, Norwegian historian and writer (b. 1684)
1832 – Augustin Daniel Belliard, French general (b. 1769)
1859 – Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1782)
1864 – Émile Clapeyron, French engineer and physicist (b. 1799)
1903 – Augusta Holmès, French composer (b. 1847)
1912 – Gustave de Molinari, Belgian economist (b. 1819)
1915 – Nikolay Umov, Russian physicist (b. 1846)
1918 – John McCrae, Canadian poet (b. 1872)
1930 – Ema Destinnová, Czech opera singer (b. 1878)
1935 – Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, Russian composer (b. 1859)
1937 – Anastasios Metaxas, Greek architect and shooter (b. 1862)
1938 – Bernd Rosemeyer, German racecar driver (b. 1909)
1939 – William Butler Yeats, Irish writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (b. 1865)
1947 – Reynaldo Hahn, French composer (b. 1875)
1948 – Hans Aumeier, German Nazi official and concentration camp commandant (b. 1906)
1948 – Therese Brandl, Nazi concentration camp guard (b. 1902)
1948 – Arthur Liebehenschel, Commandant at Auschwitz concentration camp (b. 1901)
1949 – Jean-Pierre Wimille, French race car driver (b. 1908)
1950 – Nikolai Luzin, Russian mathematician (b. 1883)
1951 – Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, president of Finland (b. 1867)
1953 – Derek Bentley, British criminal (b. 1933)
1953 – James Scullin, 9th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1876)
1959 – Walter Beall, American baseball player (b. 1899)
1960 – Zora Neale Hurston, American author (b. 1891)
1963 – Gustave Garrigou, French cyclist (b. 1884)
1965 – Tich Freeman, English cricketer (b. 1888)
1965 – Maxime Weygand, French soldier (b. 1867)
1971 – Donald Winnicott, British psychoanalyst (b. 1896)
1973 – John Banner, Austrian actor (b. 1910)
1975 – Ola Raknes, Norwegian psychoanalyst and philologist (b. 1887)
1976 – Marcel Broodthaers, Belgian painter (b. 1924)
1979 – Eileen Shanahan, Irish poet (b. 1901)
1983 – Frank Forde, 15th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1890)
1983 – Billy Fury, British singer (b. 1940)
1986 – Gregory Jarvis – crew of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1944)
1986 – Christa McAuliffe – American teacher, member of the crew of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1948)
1986 – Ronald McNair – crew of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1950)
1986 – Ellison Onizuka – crew of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1946)
1986 – Judith Resnik – crew of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1949)
1986 – Francis Richard "Dick" Scobee – commander of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1939)
1986 – Michael J. Smith – crew of Space Shuttle Challenger (b. 1945)
1988 – Klaus Fuchs, German physicist (b. 1911)
1989 – Choekyi Gyaltsen, 10th Panchen Lama, Tibetan religious figure (b. 1938)
1990 – Puma Jones, American singer (Black Uhuru) (b. 1953)
1994 – Hal Smith, American actor (b. 1916)
1996 – Joseph Brodsky, Russian-born poet, Nobel Laureate (b. 1940)
1996 – Burne Hogarth, American cartoonist (b. 1911)
1996 – Jerry Siegel, American cartoonist (b. 1914)
1999 – Markey Robinson, Irish painter (b. 1918)
1999 – Torgny Torgnysson Segerstedt, Swedish sociologist and philosopher (b. 1908)
2001 – Curt Blefary, American baseball player (b. 1943)
2002 – Gustaaf Deloor, Belgian cyclist (b. 1913)
2002 – Astrid Lindgren, Swedish author (b. 1907)
2002 – Ayse Nur Zarakolu, Turkish author and activist
2004 – Lloyd M. Bucher, U.S. Navy officer (b. 1927)
2004 – Don Cholito, Puerto Rican radio host (b. 1923)
2004 – Elroy Hirsch, American football player (b. 1923)
2004 – Mel Pritchard, British Musician (b. 1948)
2004 – Don Stansauk, American professional wrestler (b. 1936)
2004 – Joe Viterelli, American actor (b. 1937)
2005 – Jim Capaldi, English singer and songwriter (b. 1944)
2005 – Karen Lancaume, French actress (b. 1973)
2005 – Jacques Villeret, French actor (b. 1951)
2005 – Ronnie Paris, child abuse victim (b. 2001)
2006 – Yitzchak Kaduri, rabbi
2006 – Henry McGee, English comedian (b. 1929)
2007 – Carlo Clerici, Swiss road racing cyclist (b. 1929)
2007 – Father Robert Drinan, Roman Catholic priest and American politician (b. 1920)
2007 – Yelena Romanova, Russian athlete (b. 1963)
2007 – Karel Svoboda, Czech composer of popular music (b. 1938)
2007 – Hsu Wei Lun, Taiwanese actress (b. 1978)
2008 – Archbishop Christodoulos of Athens and All Greece (b. 1939)
2009 – Billy Powell, American musician (b. 1952)

Holidays and observances

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