Almanac - March 15
Lightin' Hopkins 1912-1982
Events
- 44 BC – Julius Caesar, Dictator of the Roman Republic, is stabbed to death by Marcus Junius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, Decimus Junius Brutus and several other Roman senators on the Ides of March.
- 221 – Liu Bei, a Chinese warlord and member of the Han royal house, declares himself emperor of Shu-Han and claims his legitimate succession to the Han Dynasty.
- 280 – Sun Hao of Eastern Wu surrenders to Sima Yan which began the Jin Dynasty.
- 351 – Constantius II elevates his cousin Gallus to Caesar, and puts him in charge of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
- 933 – After a ten-year truce, German King Henry I defeats a Hungarian army at the Battle of Riade near the Unstrut river.
- 1311 – Battle of Halmyros: The Catalan Company defeats Walter V of Brienne to take control of the Duchy of Athens, a Crusader state in Greece.
- 1493 – Christopher Columbus returns to Spain after his first trip to the Americas.
- 1514 – Jodocus Badius Ascensius publishes Christiern Pedersen's Latin version of Saxo’s Gesta Danorum, the oldest known version of that work.
- 1545 – First meeting of the Council of Trent.
- 1564 – Mughal Emperor Akbar abolishes jizya (per capita tax) .
- 1672 – Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.
- 1781 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Guilford Courthouse – Near present-day Greensboro, North Carolina, 1,900 British troops under General Charles Cornwallis defeat an American force numbering 4,400.
- 1783 – In an emotional speech in Newburgh, New York, George Washington asks his officers not to support the Newburgh Conspiracy. The plea is successful and the threatened coup d'état never takes place.
- 1820 – Maine becomes the 23rd U.S. state.
- 1848 – A revolution breaks out in Hungary. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform party.
- 1888 – Start of the Anglo-Tibetan War of 1888.
- 1906 – Rolls-Royce Limited is incorporated.
- 1916 – President Woodrow Wilson sends 4,800 United States troops over the U.S.-Mexico border to pursue Pancho Villa.
- 1917 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates the Russian throne and his brother the Grand Duke becomes Tsar.
- 1922 – After Egypt gains nominal independence from the United Kingdom, Fuad I becomes King of Egypt.
- 1926 – The dictator Theodoros Pangalos is elected President of Greece without opposition.
- 1931 – SS Viking explodes off Newfoundland, killing 27 of the 147 on board.
- 1933 – Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting the austrofascist dictatorship.
- 1939 – World War II: German troops occupy the remaining part of Bohemia and Moravia; Czechoslovakia ceases to exist.
- 1939 – Carpatho-Ukraine declares itself an independent republic, but is annexed by Hungary the next day.
- 1943 – World War II: Third Battle of Kharkov – the Germans retake the city of Kharkov from the Soviet armies in bitter street fighting.
- 1945 – World War II: Soviet forces begin an offensive to push Germans from Upper Silesia.
- 1952 – In Cilaos, Réunion, 1870 mm (73 inches) of rain falls in a 24 hour period, setting a new world record (March 15 through March 16).
- 1956 – My Fair Lady premiered on Broadway at the Mark Hellinger Theatre.
- 1961 – South Africa withdraws from the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to the Selma crisis, tells U.S. Congress "We shall overcome" while advocating the Voting Rights Act.
- 1985 – The first Internet domain name is registered (symbolics.com).
- 1985 – Brazilian military dictatorship ends.
- 1986 – Hotel New World Disaster A 1 star hotel collapses in Singapore's Little India's district, killing 33 people.
- 1990 – Iraq hangs British journalist Farzad Bazoft for spying.
- 1990 – Mikhail Gorbachev is elected as the first President of the Soviet Union.
- 2004 – French President Jacques Chirac signs the law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools, commonly known as the headscarf ban.
- 2011 – Beginning of the Syrian uprising.
Births
- 938 – Romanos II, Byzantine emperor (d. 963)
- 1275 – Margaret of England (1275–1333), English princess (d. 1333)
- 1455 – Pietro Accolti, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1532)
- 1493 – Anne de Montmorency, Constable of France (d. 1567)
- 1591 – Alexandre de Rhodes, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1660)
- 1638 – Shunzhi Emperor of China (d. 1661)
- 1666 – George Bähr, German architect (d. 1738)
- 1684 – Francesco Durante, Italian composer (d. 1755)
- 1713 – Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, French astronomer (d. 1762)
- 1737 – Amarindra, Queen consort to King Rama I of Siam (d. 1826)
- 1754 – Archibald Menzies, Scottish naturalist and surgeon (d. 1842)
- 1767 – Andrew Jackson, 7th President of the United States (d. 1845)
- 1771 – Robert Hett Chapman, American Presbyterian minister and president of the University of North Carolina (d. 1833)
- 1779 – William Lamb, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, (d. 1848)
- 1790 – Ludwig Immanuel Magnus, German mathematician (d. 1861)
- 1791 – Charles Knight, English publisher (d. 1873)
- 1809 – Karl Josef von Hefele, German theologian (d. 1893)
- 1809 – Joseph Jenkins Roberts, first President of Liberia (d. 1876)
- 1813 – John Snow, English epidemiologist (d. 1858)
- 1818 – Mariano Álvarez, Filipino general (d. 1924)
- 1821 – Eduard Heine, German mathematician (d. 1881)
- 1821 – Johann Josef Loschmidt, Austrian scientist (d. 1895)
- 1821 – William Milligan, Scottish theologian (d. 1892)
- 1824 – Jules Chevalier, French priest (d. 1907)
- 1830 – Paul von Heyse, German writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1914)
- 1830 – Élisée Reclus, French geographer (d. 1905)
- 1831 – Daniel Comboni, Italian missionary (d. 1881)
- 1835 – John Henrie Kagi, American abolitionist (d. 1859)
- 1835 – Eduard Strauss, Austrian composer (d. 1916)
- 1838 – Karl Davydov, Russian cellist (d. 1889)
- 1851 – William Mitchell Ramsay, Scottish archaeologist (d. 1939)
- 1852 – Augusta, Lady Gregory, Anglo-Irish dramatist (d. 1932)
- 1854 – Emil Adolf von Behring, German physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1917)
- 1860 – Waldemar Haffkine, Russian Jewish bacteriologist (d. 1930)
- 1864 – Johan Halvorsen, Norwegian composer (d. 1935)
- 1865 – Manuk Abeghian, scholar of Armenian literature and folklore (d. 1944)
- 1866 – Matthew Charlton, Australian politician (d. 1948)
- 1866 – Johan Vaaler, Norwegian inventor (d. 1910)
- 1867 – Lionel Johnson, British poet (d. 1902)
- 1868 – Grace Chisholm Young, English mathematician (d. 1944)
- 1869 – Stanislaw Wojciechowski, President of Poland (d. 1953)
- 1874 – Eugène Fiset, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1951)
- 1882 – James Lightbody, American middle distance runner (d. 1953)
- 1884 – Angelos Sikelianos, Greek poet and playwright (d. 1951)
- 1887 – Marjorie Merriweather Post, American entrepreneur (d. 1973)
- 1890 – Boris Nikolaevich Delaunay, Russian mathematician (d. 1980)
- 1892 – James Basevi Ord, US army officer (d. 1938)
- 1897 – Jackson Scholz, American runner (d. 1986)
- 1899 – George Brent, American film actor (d. 1979)
- 1905 – Berthold von Stauffenberg, German lawyer and Nazi opponent (d. 1944)
- 1907 – Zarah Leander, Swedish actress and singer (d. 1981)
- 1910 – Nick Stewart, American actor (d. 2000)
- 1912 – Louis Paul Boon, Flemish journalist and novelist (d. 1979)
- 1912 – Lightnin' Hopkins, American musician (d. 1982)
- 1913 – Macdonald Carey, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1913 – Jack Fairman, British racing driver (d. 2002)
- 1914 – Aniello Dellacroce, American gangster (d. 1985)
- 1915 – Caterina Boratto, Italian film actress (d. 2010)
- 1915 – Joe E. Ross, American actor and comedian (d. 1982)
- 1916 – Frank Coghlan Jr, American actor (d. 2009)
- 1916 – Fadil Hoxha, Yugoslav politician (d. 2001)
- 1916 – Harry James, American musician and band leader (d. 1983)
- 1918 – Richard Ellmann, American biographer (d. 1987)
- 1918 – Punch Imlach, Canadian hockey coach and general manager (d. 1987)
- 1918 – William McIntyre, Canadian Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada (d. 2009)
- 1919 – Lawrence Tierney, American actor (d. 2002)
- 1920 – Lawrence Sanders, American novelist (d. 1998)
- 1920 – E. Donnall Thomas, American physician, Nobel laureate
- 1921 – Madelyn Pugh, American television writer
- 1921 – Stafford Smythe, Canadian hockey executive (d. 1971)
- 1923 – Charles Wheeler, British journalist (d. 2008)
- 1924 – Walter Gotell, German actor (d. 1997)
- 1925 – Bert Bolin, Swedish meteorologist (d. 2007)
- 1926 – Ben Johnston, American composer
- 1926 – Norm Van Brocklin, American football player (d. 1983)
- 1927 – Stanislaw Kania, Polish politician
- 1927 – Christian Marquand, French actor and director (d. 2000)
- 1927 – Carl Smith, American singer (d. 2010)
- 1930 – Zhores Ivanovich Alferov, Russian physicist, Nobel laureate
- 1930 – Kostas Nestoridis, Greek footballer
- 1931 – Richard Wirthlin, American political strategist for Ronald Reagan (d. 2011)
- 1932 – Alan Bean, American astronaut
- 1933 – Ruth Bader Ginsburg, American Supreme Court justice
- 1933 – Philippe de Broca, French film director (d. 2004)
- 1934 – Aldo Giorgini, Italian artist
- 1934 – Richard Layard, Baron Layard, British economist
- 1934 – Kanshi Ram, Indian dalit leader
- 1935 – Judd Hirsch, American actor
- 1935 – Jimmy Swaggart, American televangelist
- 1935 – Leonid Yengibarian, Armenian clown and actor (d. 1972)
- 1936 – David Andrews, Irish politician
- 1936 – Howard Greenfield, American songwriter (d. 1986)
- 1939 – David Eisenberg, American biochemist
- 1939 – Ted Kaufman, American politician
- 1939 – Julie Tullis, British climber (d. 1986)
- 1939 – Jack Whyte, Scottish-Canadian author
- 1940 – Margo Coleman, American advice columnist
- 1940 – Frank Dobson, British politician
- 1940 – Phil Lesh, American musician (Grateful Dead)
- 1940 – Mel Phillips, American radio programmer
- 1941 – Mike Love, American musician (The Beach Boys)
- 1943 – David Cronenberg, Canadian film actor, director and screenwriter
- 1944 – Chi Cheng, Taiwanese athlete and politician
- 1944 – Jacques Doillon, French film director
- 1944 – Francis Mankiewicz, Canadian film director and screenwriter (d. 1993)
- 1944 – Sly Stone, American musician
- 1945 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bengali lawyer and politician (d. 2007)
- 1945 – Mark J. Green, American public official
- 1946 – Bobby Bonds, American baseball player (d. 2003)
- 1946 – Masaharu Sato, Japanese seiyu
- 1946 – Howard E. Scott, American musician (War)
- 1947 – Ry Cooder, American guitarist
- 1947 – Gino Ferrin, German footballer
- 1947 – Juraj Kukura, Slovak actor
- 1948 – Kate Bornstein, American author
- 1948 – Sérgio Vieira de Mello, Brazilian diplomat (d. 2003)
- 1950 – Jørgen Olsen, Danish singer
- 1952 – Howard Devoto, British musician (Buzzcocks, Magazine)
- 1952 – Howard Koh, American state government official
- 1953 – Kostas Bigalis, Greek singer and songwriter
- 1953 – Richard Bruton, Irish politician
- 1953 – Heather Graham, American writer
- 1954 – Massimo Bubola, Italian singer-songwriter
- 1954 – Bob Budiansky, American comic book writer, illustrator, and editor
- 1954 – Craig Wasson, American actor
- 1955 – Dee Snider, American singer (Twisted Sister)
- 1956 – Clay Matthews, American football player
- 1957 – Joaquim de Almeida, Portuguese-American actor
- 1957 – Víctor Muñoz, Spanish football manager
- 1957 – Park Overall, American actress
- 1957 – David Silverman, American animator
- 1959 – Harold Baines, American baseball player
- 1959 – Renny Harlin, Finnish film director
- 1959 – Lisa Holton, American writer
- 1959 – Fabio Lanzoni, Italian model
- 1960 – Mike Pagliarulo, American baseball player
- 1960 – Marco Pennette, American television producer
- 1960 – Chris Sanders, American animator and director
- 1961 – Terry Cummings, American basketball player
- 1961 – Craig Ludwig, American ice hockey player
- 1962 – Jimmy Baio, American actor
- 1962 – Terence Trent D'Arby, American singer
- 1963 – Bret Michaels, American musician (Poison)
- 1964 – Rockwell, American musician
- 1964 – Davide Pinato, Italian footballer
- 1965 – Svetlana Medvedeva, First Lady of Russia
- 1967 – Naoko Takeuchi, Japanese artist
- 1968 – Kahimi Karie, Japanese singer
- 1968 – Mark McGrath, American musician (Sugar Ray)
- 1968 – Terje Riis-Johansen, Norwegian politician
- 1968 – Sabrina Salerno, Italian singer
- 1968 – Jon Schaffer, American guitarist (Iced Earth)
- 1969 – Rona Ambrose, Canadian politician
- 1969 – Gianluca Festa, Italian footballer
- 1969 – Timo Kotipelto, Finnish musician
- 1969 – Elvir Lakovic Laka, Bosnian rock singer
- 1969 – Apollo Papathanasio, Swedish vocalist
- 1969 – Kim Raver, American actress
- 1969 – Yutaka Take, Japanese jockey
- 1970 – Derek Parra, American speed skater
- 1971 – Penny Lancaster, English model
- 1971 – Joanne Wise, English long jumper
- 1972 – Mark Hoppus, American musician (+44 and blink-182)
- 1972 – Mike Tomlin, American football coach
- 1973 – Boris Durdevic, Croatian musician
- 1973 – Lee Jung-jae, South Korean actor & model
- 1974 – Robert Fick, American baseball player
- 1975 – Eva Longoria, American actress
- 1975 – Veselin Topalov, Bulgarian chess player
- 1975 – Darcy Tucker, Canadian hockey player
- 1975 – Will.i.am, American musician
- 1976 – Katherine Brooks, American television director
- 1976 – Cara Pifko, Canadian actress
- 1977 – Adrian Burnside, Australian baseball player
- 1977 – Joe Hahn, American musician (Linkin Park)
- 1977 – Brian Tee, American actor
- 1978 – Takeru Kobayashi, Japanese competitive eater
- 1979 – Kevin Youkilis, American baseball player
- 1980 – Freddie Bynum, American baseball player
- 1981 – Mikael Forssell, Finnish footballer
- 1981 – Veronica Maggio, Swedish singer
- 1981 – Young Buck, American rapper
- 1982 – Jordan Hastings, Canadian drummer (Alexisonfire)
- 1982 – Rafael Pérez, Dominican baseball player
- 1982 – Emily Tyndall, American actress
- 1983 – Sean Biggerstaff, Scottish actor
- 1983 – Daryl Murphy, Irish footballer
- 1983 – Ben Hilfenhaus, Australian cricketer
- 1984 – Badradine Belloumou, French-born football player
- 1984 – Olivier Jean, Canadian short track speed racer
- 1984 – Juninho, Brazilian footballer
- 1984 – Kostas Vasileiadis, Greek basketball player
- 1985 – Eva Amurri, American actress
- 1985 – Antti Autti, Finnish snowboarder
- 1985 – Tom Chilton, British racing driver
- 1985 – Curtis Davies, English footballer
- 1985 – Kellan Lutz, American model and actor
- 1985 – James MacLurcan, Australian actor
- 1986 – Adrianne Leon, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1987 – Taiwan Brown, American video jockey
- 1988 – Chris Lent, American drummer and keyboardist
- 1988 – James Reimer, Canadian hockey player
- 1989 – Bryce Gibbs, Australian rules footballer
- 1989 – Caitlin Wachs, American actress
- 1990 – Siobhan Magnus, American singer
- 1991 – Kii Kitano, Japanese actress
Deaths
- 44 BC – Julius Caesar (b. 100 BC)
- 220 – Cao Cao, King of Wei (b. 155)
- 493 – Odoacer, King of Italy (b. 435)
- 1145 – Pope Lucius II
- 1311 – Walter V of Brienne, Duke of Athens
- 1416 – John, Duke of Berry, son of John II of France (b. 1340)
- 1536 – Pargali Ibrahim Pasha, Grand Vizier under Suleiman the Magnificent
- 1575 – Annibale Padovano, Italian composer (b. 1527)
- 1644 – Louise Juliana of Nassau, Regent of Bohemia (b. 1576)
- 1670 – John Davenport, Connecticut pioneer (b. 1597)
- 1673 – Salvator Rosa, Italian painter and poet (b. 1615)
- 1701 – Jean Renaud de Segrais, French writer (b. 1624)
- 1711 – Eusebio Kino, Italian Catholic missionary (b. 1645)
- 1820 – Clemens Maria Hofbauer, patron saint of Vienna (b. 1751)
- 1842 – Luigi Cherubini, Italian composer (b. 1760)
- 1849 – Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti, Italian cardinal and linguist (b. 1774)
- 1891 – Théodore de Banville, French writer (b. 1823)
- 1891 – Sir Joseph Bazalgette, English civil engineer (b. 1819)
- 1898 – Sir Henry Bessemer, English metallurgist (b. 1813)
- 1937 – H. P. Lovecraft, American writer (b. 1890)
- 1938 – Nikolai Bukharin, russian Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician (b. 1888)
- 1941 – Alexej von Jawlensky, Russian painter (b. 1864)
- 1951 – John S. Paraskevopoulos, Greek-born astronomer (b. 1889)
- 1957 – Ernst Nobs, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1886)
- 1959 – Lester Young, American musician (b. 1909)
- 1962 – Arthur Compton, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892)
- 1966 – Abe Saperstein, American basketball executive (b. 1902)
- 1969 – Miles Malleson, British actor and dramatist (b. 1888)
- 1969 – Musashiyama Takeshi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 33rd Yokozuna (b. 1909)
- 1970 – Tarjei Vesaas, Norwegian writer (b. 1897)
- 1971 – Jean-Pierre Monseré, Belgian cyclist (b. 1948)
- 1972 – Aleksandr Ivanovich Laktionov, Russian painter (b. 1910)
- 1975 – Aristotle Onassis, Greek shipping magnate (b. 1900)
- 1977 – Hubert Aquin, Canadian novelist, political activist and editor (b. 1929)
- 1977 – Antonino Rocca, Argentine professional wrestler (b. 1927)
- 1981 – René Clair, French film director (b. 1898)
- 1983 – Coloman Braun-Bogdan, Romanian football midfielder and manager (b. 1905)
- 1983 – Rebecca West, English writer (b. 1892)
- 1985 – Radha Krishna Choudhary, Indian historian and writer (b. 1921)
- 1986 – Alexandru Giugaru, Romanian actor (b. 1897)
- 1987 – Douglas Abbott, Canadian politician (b. 1899)
- 1988 – Dmitri Polyakov, Soviet double-agent (b. 1926)
- 1989 – Muhammad Jameel Didi, Maldivian poet (b. 1915)
- 1989 – Valerie Quennessen, French actress (b. 1957)
- 1990 – Farzad Bazoft, Iranian-born journalist (b. 1958)
- 1990 – Tom Harmon, American football player and broadcaster (b. 1919)
- 1991 – Bud Freeman, American jazz musician (b. 1906)
- 1997 – Gail Davis, American actress (b. 1925)
- 1997 – Victor Vasarely, Hungarian painter (b. 1906)
- 1998 – Benjamin Spock, American pediatrician and writer (b. 1903)
- 1999 – Guy D'Artois, Canadian army officer (b. 1917)
- 2001 – Ann Sothern, American actress (b. 1909)
- 2003 – Dame Thora Hird, British actress (b. 1911)
- 2003 – Paul Stojanovich, Reality TV pioneer (b. 1956)
- 2004 – Sir William Pickering, New Zealand-born space scientist (b. 1910)
- 2004 – John Pople, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)
- 2005 – Bob Bellear, Australian judge (b. 1944)
- 2005 – Shoji Nishio, Japanese martial artist (b. 1927)
- 2006 – George Rallis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1918)
- 2006 – Red Storey, Canadian football player and hockey referee (b. 1918)
- 2007 – Charles Harrelson, American hitman and father of Woody Harrelson (b. 1938)
- 2007 – Bowie Kuhn, American commissioner of baseball (b. 1926)
- 2007 – Stuart Rosenberg, American film and television director (b. 1927)
- 2008 – Mikey Dread, Jamaican singer (b. 1954)
- 2008 – Vytautas Kernagis, Lithuanian singer, TV shows announcer (b. 1951)
- 2008 – Ken Reardon, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
- 2009 – Ron Silver, American actor (b. 1946)
- 2011 – Smiley Culture, British reggae singer (b. 1963)
- 2011 – Nate Dogg, American rapper (b. 1969)
Holidays and observances
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