today.nukz.net: Almanac July 9

David Hockney, OM, CH, RA, (born 9 July 1937) is an English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer, who is based in Bridlington, Yorkshire and Kensington, London. An important contributor to the Pop art movement of the 1960s, he is considered one of the most influential British artists of the twentieth century.

Events

455 – Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
491 – Odoacer makes a night assault with his Heruli guardsmen, engaging Theodoric the Great in Ad Pinetam. Both sides suffer heavy losses, but in the end Theodoric forces Odoacer back into Ravenna.
869 – A magnitude 8.6M_s earthquake and subsequent tsunami strikes the area around Sendai in the northern part of Honshu, Japan.
1357 – Emperor Charles IV assists in laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague.
1386 – The Old Swiss Confederacy makes great strides in establishing control over its territory by soundly defeating the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Sempach.
1540 – King Henry VIII of England annuls his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves.
1572 – Nineteen Catholics suffer martyrdom for their beliefs in the Dutch town of Gorkum.
1701 – War of the Spanish Succession: Austrians defeat France in the Battle of Carpi.
1745 – War of the Austrian Succession: French victory in the Battle of Melle allows them to capture Ghent in the days after.
1755 – French and Indian War: Braddock Expedition – British troops and colonial militiamen are ambushed and suffer a devastating defeat by French and Native American forces.
1776 – George Washington ordered the Declaration of Independence to be read out loud to members of the Continental Army in New York, New York for the first time.
1789 – In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
1790 – Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund – in the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet.
1793 – The Act Against Slavery is passed in Upper Canada and the importation of slaves into Lower Canada is prohibited.
1807 – The Treaties of Tilsit are signed by Napoleon I of France and Alexander I of Russia.
1810 – Napoleon annexes the Kingdom of Holland as part of the First French Empire.
1811 – Explorer David Thompson posts a sign at the confluence of the Columbia and Snake Rivers (in modern Washington state, US), claiming the land for the United Kingdom.
1815 – Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord becomes the first Prime Minister of France.
1816 – Argentina declares independence from Spain.
1821 – 470 prominent Cypriots including Archbishop Kyprianos are executed in response to Cypriot aid to the Greek War of Independence
1850 – U.S. President Zachary Taylor dies and Millard Fillmore becomes the 13th President of the United States.
1850 – The Persian prophet Báb is executed in Tabriz, Persia.
1863 – American Civil War: the Siege of Port Hudson ends.
1868 – The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
1875 – Outbreak of the Herzegovina Uprising against Ottoman rule, which would last until 1878 and have far-reaching implications throughout the Balkans
1877 – The inaugural Wimbledon Championships opens.
1896 – William Jennings Bryan delivers his Cross of Gold speech advocating bimetallism at the 1896 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Illinois.
1900 – Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom gives Royal Assent to an Act creating Australia thus uniting separate colonies on the continent under one federal government.
1900 – Boxer Rebellion: The Governor of Shanxi province in North China orders the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
1918 – Great Train Wreck of 1918: in Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
1922 – Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds breaking the world swimming record and the 'minute barrier'.
1932 – The state of São Paulo revolts against the Brazilian Federal Government, starting the Constitutionalist Revolution
1943 – World War II: Operation Husky – Allied forces perform an amphibious invasion of Sicily.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Normandy – British and Canadian forces capture Caen, France.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Saipan – American forces take Saipan in the Mariana Islands.
1944 – World War II: Battle of Tali-Ihantala – Finland wins the Battle of Tali-Ihantala, the largest battle ever fought in northern Europe. The Red Army withdraws its troops from Ihantala and digs into defensive position, thus ending the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive.
1955 – The Russell–Einstein Manifesto is released by Bertrand Russell in London, England, United Kingdom.
1958 – Lituya Bay is hit by a megatsunami. The wave is recorded at 524 meters high, the largest in recorded history.
1961 – Turkish voters approve the Turkish Constitution of 1961 in a referendum.
1962 – The Starfish Prime high-altitude nuclear test is conducted by the United States.
1962 – Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans exhibition opens at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles.
1972 – The Troubles: In Belfast, British Army snipers shoot five civilians dead in the Springhill Massacre.
1979 – A car bomb destroys a Renault motor car owned by famed "Nazi hunters" Serge and Beate Klarsfeld at their home in France. A note purportedly from ODESSA claims responsibility.
1982 – Pan Am Flight 759 crashes in Kenner, Louisiana killing all 145 people on board and eight others on the ground.
1986 – The Parliament of New Zealand passes the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalising homosexuality in New Zealand.
1995 – The Navaly church bombing is carried out by the Sri Lanka Air Force killing 125 Tamil civilian refugees.
1999 – Days of student protests begin after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory at the University of Tehran.
2006 – At least 122 people are killed after a Sibir Airlines Airbus A310 passenger jet, carrying 200 passengers veers off the runway while landing in wet conditions at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia.
2008 – Iran conducts the Great Prophet III missile test and war games exercise.
2011 – South Sudan gains independence and secedes from Sudan.

Births

1511 – Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg, wife of Christian III of Denmark (d. 1571)
1577 – Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English-born Jamestown colonist (d. 1618)
1578 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1637)
1648 – Arp Schnitger, German organ builder (d. 1719)
1654 – Emperor Reigen of Japan (d. 1732)
1686 – Philip Livingston, American politician (d. 1749)
1689 – Alexis Piron, French epigrammatist and dramatist (d. 1773)
1721 – Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet (d. 1781)
1753 – William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock, English territorial governor (d. 1825)
1764 – Ann Radcliffe, English novelist (d. 1823)
1775 – Matthew Lewis, English novelist (d. 1818)
1786 – Princess Sophie Hélène Béatrice of France, daughter of Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette (d. 1787)
1800 – Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle, German physician (d. 1885)
1808 – Alexander William Doniphan, American lawyer and soldier (d. 1887)
1819 – Elias Howe, American inventor (d. 1867)
1828 – Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian Catholic churchman (d. 1913)
1834 – Jan Neruda, Czech poet (d. 1891)
1836 – Camille of Renesse-Breidbach, Belgian nobleman and entrepreneur (d. 1904)
1848 – Robert I, Duke of Parma, Italian nobleman (d. 1907)
1858 – Franz Boas, German anthropologist (d. 1942)
1879 – Ottorino Respighi, Italian composer (d. 1936)
1879 – Carlos Chagas, Brazilian physician (d. 1934)
1887 – James Ormsbee Chapin, American painter and illustrator (d. 1975)
1889 – Léo Dandurand, American-born Canadian hockey executive (d. 1964)
1893 – George Geary, English cricketer (d. 1981)
1894 – Pyotr Kapitsa, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
1896 – Maria Gomes Valentim, Brazilian supercentenarian (d. 2011)
1901 – Dame Barbara Cartland, English novelist (d. 2000)
1901 – Konstantinos Kallias, Greek politician (d. 2004)
1905 – Clarence Campbell, Canadian hockey executive (d. 1984)
1908 – Allamah Rasheed Turabi, Pakistani scholar, orator and philosopher (d. 1973)
1911 – Mervyn Peake, British writer and illustrator (d. 1968)
1911 – John A. Wheeler, American physicist (d. 2008)
1915 – David Diamond, American composer (d. 2005)
1916 – Sir Dean Goffin, New Zealand composer (d. 1984)
1916 – Edward Heath, British statesman (d. 2005)
1918 – Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn, Dutch mathematician, professor emeritus (d. 2012)
1918 – Jarl Wahlström, Finnish 12th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1999)
1925 – Guru Dutt, Indian filmmaker and actor (d. 1964)
1925 – Charles E. Wicks, American academic
1926 – Ben Roy Mottelson, American-born physicist; Nobel laureate
1927 – Ed Ames, American singer and actor
1927 – Susan Cabot, American actress (d. 1986)
1927 – Red Kelly, Canadian ice hockey player
1928 – Federico Bahamontes, Spanish cyclist
1928 – Vince Edwards, American actor (d. 1996)
1929 – King Hassan II of Morocco (d. 1999)
1929 – Lee Hazlewood, American country singer, songwriter and producer (d. 2007)
1929 – Jesse McReynolds, American singer and mandolinist
1930 – Buddy Bregman, American musical arranger and conductor
1930 – Roy McLean, South African cricketer (d. 2007)
1932 – Donald Rumsfeld, 13th and 21st United States Secretary of Defense
1932 – Amitzur Shapira, Israeli short-distance runner (d. 1972)
1933 – Oliver Sacks, British neurologist and author
1934 – Michael Graves, American architect
1935 – Wim Duisenberg, Dutch economist and politician (d. 2005)
1935 – Michael Williams, English actor (d. 2001)
1935 – Mercedes Sosa, Argentine singer (d. 2009)
1936 – Floyd Abrams, American attorney and advocate
1936 – June Jordan, American poet, writer and teacher (d. 2002)
1936 – André Pronovost, French-Canadian ice hockey player
1936 – Richard Wilson, Scottish actor and director
1937 – David Hockney, English painter, draughtsman, printmaker, stage designer and photographer
1938 – Paul Chihara, Japanese-American composer
1938 – Brian Dennehy, American actor
1938 – Sanjeev Kumar, Indian actor (d.1985)
1940 – Eugene Victor Wolfenstein, American political scientist (d. 2010)
1942 – Richard Roundtree, American actor
1942 – Edy Williams, American actress
1943 – John Casper, American astronaut
1943 – Soledad Miranda, Spanish actress (d. 1970)
1945 – Dean Koontz, American novelist
1945 – Root Boy Slim, American entertainer (d. 1993)
1946 – Natasha Pyne, English actress
1946 – Bon Scott, Australian singer (AC/DC) (d. 1980)
1946 – Gerhard Kramm American atmospheric scientist
1947 – Haruomi Hosono, Japanese bassist (Yellow Magic Orchestra)
1947 – Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (The Jimi Hendrix Experience) (d. 2008)
1947 – O. J. Simpson, American football player and actor
1948 – Hassan Wirajuda, Indonesian politician
1949 – Jesse Duplantis, American evangelist and author
1950 – Adriano Panatta, Italian tennis player
1950 – Viktor Yanukovych, President of Ukraine
1951 – Chris Cooper, American actor
1952 – John Tesh, American composer
1953 – Margie Gillis, Canadian dancer and choreographer
1953 – Thomas Ligotti, American writer
1955 – Steve Coppell, English footballer and manager
1955 – Fred Norris, American radio personality
1955 – Jimmy Smits, American actor
1955 – Willie Wilson, American baseball player
1955 – Lindsey Graham, American politician
1956 – Tom Hanks, American actor
1957 – Tim Kring, American writer and producer
1957 – Marc Almond, British singer
1957 – Kelly McGillis, American actress
1957 – Paul Merton, British comedian
1957 – Jim Paxson, American basketball player
1959 – Jim Kerr, Scottish singer (Simple Minds)
1959 – Kevin Nash, American pro wrestler
1959 – Clive Stafford Smith, British lawyer
1960 – Marc Mero, American pro wrestler
1963 – Klaus Theiss, German footballer
1964 – Courtney Love, American singer and guitarist (Hole) and actress
1964 – Gianluca Vialli, Italian football player and coach
1965 – Frank Bello, American bassist (Anthrax)
1965 – Thomas Jahn, German actor and director
1965 – David O'Hara, Scottish actor
1965 – Jason Rhoades, American installation artist (d. 2006)
1965 – Michael Spies, German footballer
1966 – Pamela Adlon, American voice actress
1966 – Marco Pennette, American television producer
1967 – Gunnar Axén, Swedish politician
1967 – Mark Stoops, American football coach
1968 – Paolo Di Canio, Italian football player
1968 – Lars Gyllenhaal, Swedish historian
1969 – Jason Kearton, Australian footballer
1969 – Mark Lui, Hong Kong composer and producer
1970 – Trent Green, American football player
1970 – Masami Tsuda, Japanese manga author
1971 – Marc Andreessen, American software developer
1971 – Scott Grimes, American voice actor (American Dad!)
1973 – Kelly Holcomb, American football player
1973 – Enrique Murciano, American actor
1974 – Siân Berry, British politician
1974 – Gary Kelly, Irish football player
1974 – Nikola Sarcevic, Swedish bassist and singer (Millencolin)
1974 – Tsuyoshi Kusanagi, Japanese actor & singer (SMAP)
1974 – Dani Behr, English model and TV presenter
1975 – Shelton Benjamin, American pro wrestler
1975 – Isaac Brock, American singer and musician (Modest Mouse, Ugly Casanova)
1975 – Nathaniel Marston, American actor
1975 – Craig Quinnell, Welsh rugby player
1975 – Jack White, American vocalist and musician (The White Stripes)
1976 – Thomas Cichon, German footballer
1976 – Christos Harisis, Greek basketball player
1976 – Fred Savage, American actor
1976 – Jochem Uytdehaage, Dutch speed skater
1978 – Kara Goucher, American long distance runner
1978 – Linda Park, American (Korean-born) actress
1978 – Mark Medlock, German singer
1978 – Nuno Santos, Portuguese footballer
1979 – Ella Koon, Hong Kong singer and actress
1981 – Kimveer Gill, Canadian spree shooter (Dawson College shooting) (d. 2006)
1982 – Ashly DelGrosso, American ballroom dancer
1982 – Alecko Eskandarian, American footballer
1982 – Toby Kebbell, English actor
1982 – Maggie Ma, Canadian actress
1982 – Sakon Yamamoto, Japanese racing driver
1983 – Lucia Micarelli, American violinist (Jethro Tull)
1984 – Gianni Fabiano, Italian footballer
1984 – Jacob Hoggard, Canadian singer (Hedley)
1985 – Pawel Korzeniowski, Polish swimmer
1985 – Ashley Young, English footballer
1986 – Dominic Cervi, American footballer
1986 – Simon Dumont, American freestyle skier
1986 – Kiely Williams, American singer and actress
1990 – Rafael Pereira da Silva, Brazilian footballer
1990 – Fábio Pereira da Silva, Brazilian footballer
1991 – Spencer Elden, American model
1991 – Mitchel Musso, American actor
1993 – Jake Vargas, Filipino actor
1995 – Georgie Henley, English actress

Deaths

518 – Anastasius I, Byzantine Emperor (b. 430)
1228 – Stephen Langton, English clergyman, Archbishop of Canterbury (b.c. 1150)
1386 – Duke Leopold III of Austria (b. 1351)
1553 – Maurice, Elector of Saxony (b. 1521)
1654 – Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans (b. 1633)
1706 – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, French-Canadian sailor and explorer (b. 1661)
1737 – Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1671)
1742 – John Oldmixon, English historian (b. 1673)
1746 – King Philip V of Spain (b. 1683)
1747 – Giovanni Bononcini, Italian composer (b. 1670)
1756 – Pieter Langendijk, Dutch dramatist and poet (b. 1683); other date proposed is July 18 (see)
1766 – Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (b. 1720)
1771 – Michail Baknanas, Greek trader (birth year unknown)
1795 – Henry Seymour Conway, British general and statesman (b. 1721)
1797 – Edmund Burke, British philosopher and statesman (b. 1729)
1850 – Báb, Persian founder of Bábism (b. 1819)
1850 – Zachary Taylor, 12th President of the United States (b. 1784)
1852 – Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan, American politician (b. 1794)
1855 – FitzRoy Somerset, 1st Baron Raglan, British military officer (b. 1788)
1856 – Amedeo Avogadro, Italian chemist (b. 1776)
1856 – James Strang, American religious figure (b. 1813)
1880 – Paul Broca, French physician and anatomist (b. 1824)
1882 – Ignacio Carrera Pinto, Chilean war hero(b. 1848)
1903 – Alphonse Francois Renard, Belgian geologist (b. 1842)
1927 – John Drew, Jr., American actor (b. 1853)
1932 – King C. Gillette, American inventor (b. 1855)
1937 – Oliver Law, American military officer (b. 1899)
1938 – Benjamin Cardozo, American jurist (b. 1870)
1947 – Lucjan Zeligowski, Polish general (b. 1865)
1949 – Fritz Hart, English-born Australian composer (b. 1874)
1951 – Harry Heilmann, American baseball player (b. 1894)
1955 – Don Beauman, British racing driver (b. 1928)
1959 – Ferenc Talányi, Slovene writer, partisan and painter (b. 1883)
1967 – Eugen Fischer, German physician (b. 1874)
1972 – Robert Weede, American baritone (b. 1903)
1974 – Earl Warren, American jurist (b. 1891)
1977 – Alice Paul, American suffragist figure (b. 1885)
1979 – Cornelia Otis Skinner, American actress and author (b. 1899)
1980 – Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and lyricist (b. 1913)
1983 – Keith Wickenden, British politician (b. 1932)
1985 – Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1896)
1985 – Jimmy Kinnon, Scottish-born American founder of Narcotics Anonymous (b. 1911)
1986 – Nicholas VI, Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria (b. 1915)
1992 – Kelvin Coe, Australian ballet dancer (b. 1946)
1992 – Eric Sevareid, American reporter (b. 1912)
1994 – Bill Mosienko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
1996 – Melvin Belli, American attorney (b. 1907)
1999 – Robert de Cotret, Canadian politician (b. 1944)
2000 – Doug Fisher, English actor (b. 1941)
2002 – Laurence Janifer, American writer (b. 1933)
2002 – Mayo Kaan, bodybuilder (b. 1914)
2002 – Rod Steiger, American actor (b. 1925)
2004 – Paul Klebnikov, American journalist (b. 1963)
2004 – Isabel Sanford, American actress (b. 1917)
2004 – Riley Dobi Noel, American convicted murderer (b. 1972)
2005 – Chuck Cadman, Canadian politician (b. 1948)
2005 – Yevgenij Grishin, Russian speed skater (b. 1931)
2005 – Alex Shibicky, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1914)
2005 – Kevin Hagen, American actor (b. 1928)
2006 – Milan Williams, American keyboardist (Commodores) (b. 1948)
2007 – Charles Lane, American actor (b. 1905)
2008 – Séamus Brennan, Irish politician (b. 1948)
2010 – Jessica Anderson, Australian novelist (b. 1916)
2011 – Don Ackerman, American basketball player (b. 1930)
2011 – Facundo Cabral, Argentine musician (b. 1937)
2011 – Würzel, English musician (b. 1949)