today.nukz.net: Almanac November 3

Oodgeroo Noonuccal (born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska, formerly Kath Walker) (3 November 1920 – 16 September 1993) was an Australian poet, political activist, artist and educator. She was also a campaigner for Aboriginal rights. Oodgeroo was best known for her poetry, and was the first Aboriginal Australian to publish a book of verse.

Events

361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia, on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor.
644 – Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim caliph, is assassinated by a Persian slave in Medina.
1333 – The River Arno flooding causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.
1468 – Liège is sacked by Charles I of Burgundy's troops.
1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights the island of Dominica in the Caribbean Sea.
1783 – John Austin, a highwayman, is the last person to be publicly hanged at London's Tyburn gallows.
1783 – The American Continental Army is disbanded.
1793 – French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
1812 – Napoleon's armies are defeated at the Battle of Vyazma
1817 – The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal, Quebec.
1838 – The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
1848 – A greatly revised Dutch constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of parliament and ministers, is proclaimed.
1867 – Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would be achieved three years later).
1883 – American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the poet" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves a clue that eventually leads to his capture.
1898 – France withdraws its troops from Fashoda (now in Sudan), ending the Fashoda Incident.
1903 – With the encouragement of the United States, Panama separates from Colombia.
1911 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
1913 – The United States introduces an income tax.
1918 – Austria-Hungary enters into an armistice with the Allies, and the Habsburg-ruled empire dissolves.
1918 – Poland declares its independence from Russia.
1918 – The German Revolution of 1918–1919 begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.
1930 – Getúlio Dornelles Vargas becomes Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil after a bloodless coup on October 24.
1932 – Panagis Tsaldaris becomes the 142nd Prime Minister of Greece.
1935 – George II of Greece regains his throne through a popular plebiscite.
1942 – World War II: The Koli Point action begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 12.
1943 – World War II: 500 aircraft of the U.S. 8th Air Force devastate Wilhelmshafen harbor in Germany.
1944 – World War II: Two supreme commanders of the Slovak National Uprising, Generals Ján Golian and Rudolf Viest are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces.
1957 – Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter orbit, a dog named Laika.
1960 – The land that would become the Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge was established by an Act of Congress after a year-long legal battle that pitted local residents against Port Authority of New York and New Jersey officials wishing to turn the Great Swamp into a major regional airport for jet aircraft.
1964 – Washington D.C. residents are able to vote in a presidential election for the first time.
1967 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Dak To begins.
1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon addresses the nation on television and radio, asking the "silent majority" to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam War effort and to support his policies.
1973 – Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 10 toward Mercury. On March 29, 1974, it becomes the first space probe to reach that planet.
1975 – Syed Nazrul Islam, A. H. M. Qamaruzzaman, Tajuddin Ahmad, and Muhammad Mansur Ali, Bangladeshi politicians and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman loyalists, murdered in the Dhaka Central Jail.
1978 – Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
1979 – Greensboro massacre: Five members of the Communist Workers Party are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States.
1982 – The Salang tunnel fire in Afghanistan kills up to 2,000 people.
1986 – Iran-Contra Affair: The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the United States has been secretly selling weapons to Iran in order to secure the release of seven American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.
1986 – The Federated States of Micronesia gain independence from the United States of America.
1988 – Sri Lankan Tamil mercenaries try to overthrow the Maldivian government. At President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's request, the Indian military suppresses the coup attempt within 24 hours.
1996 – Death of Abdullah Çatli, leader of the Turkish ultra-nationalist organisation Grey Wolves in the Susurluk car-crash, which leads to the resignation of the Turkish Interior Minister, Mehmet Agar (a leader of the True Path Party, DYP).
1997 – The United States of America imposes economic sanctions against Sudan in response to its human rights abuses of its own citizens and its material and political assistance to Islamic extremist groups across the Middle East and Eastern Africa.

Births

39 – Lucan, Roman poet (d. 65)
1500 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (d. 1571)
1558 – Thomas Kyd, English author (d. 1594)
1560 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1609)
1587 – Samuel Scheidt, German composer (d. 1654)
1604 – Osman II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1622)
1618 – Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor of India (d. 1707)
1633 – Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (d. 1714)
1656 – Georg Reutter, Austrian organist, theorbo player and composer (d. 1738)
1689 – Jan Josef Ignác Brentner, Czech composer (d. 1742)
1718 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English statesman (d. 1792)
1749 – Daniel Rutherford, Scottish chemist and physician (d. 1819)
1757 – Robert Smith, American politician, 2nd Secretary of the Navy and 6th Secretary of State (d. 1842)
1793 – Stephen F. Austin, American pioneer (d. 1836)
1794 – William Cullen Bryant, American poet and journalist (d. 1878)
1799 – William Sprague III, American politician (d. 1856)
1801 – Karl Baedeker, German author and publisher (d. 1859)
1801 – Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (d. 1835)
1815 – John Mitchel, Irish nationalist (d. 1875)
1816 – Jubal Early, American Confederate general (d. 1894)
1816 – Calvin Fairbank, American abolitionist minister (d. 1898)
1845 – Edward Douglass White, 9th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1921)
1852 – Emperor Meiji, 122nd Emperor of Japan (d. 1912)
1856 – Jim McCormick, American baseball player (d. 1918)
1857 – Mikhail Alekseev, Russian general (d. 1918)
1862 – Henry George, Jr., American politician (d. 1916)
1863 – Alfred Perot, French physicist (d. 1925)
1871 – Albert Goldthorpe, English rugby league footballer (d. 1943)
1876 – Stephen Peter Alencastre, Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1940)
1877 – Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Chilean president. (d. 1960)
1884 – Joseph W. Martin, Jr., American politician, 51st Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1968)
1884 – Arthur Rosenkampff, American gymnast (d. 1952)
1887 – Samuil Marshak, Russian writer and children's poet (d. 1964)
1890 – Eustáquio van Lieshout, Dutch priest (d. 1943)
1890 – Harry Stephen Keeler, American author (d. 1967)
1893 – Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1986)
1894 – William George Barker, Canadian First World War fighter ace (d. 1930)
1894 – Sofoklis Venizelos, Greek politician, three times Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1964)
1895 – Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
1896 – Gustaf Tenggren, Swedish illustrator (d. 1970)
1899 – Rezso Seress, Hungarian singer songwriter (d. 1968)
1899 – Gleb Wataghin, Ukrainian-born Italian physicist (d. 1986)
1900 – Adolf Dassler, German sporting goods executive (d. 1978)
1901 – Léopold III of Belgium (d. 1983)
1901 – André Malraux, French writer (d. 1976)
1903 – Walker Evans, American photographer (d. 1975)
1908 – Giovanni Leone, Italian politician (d. 2001)
1908 – Bronko Nagurski, American football player (d. 1990)
1909 – James Reston, American journalist (d. 1995)
1910 – Richard Hurndall, British actor (d. 1984)
1911 – Kick Smit, Dutch footballer (d. 1974)
1912 – Alfredo Stroessner, Paraguayan politician (d. 2006)
1915 – Hal Jackson, American radio personality (d. 2012)
1918 – Claude Barma, French director and screenwriter (d. 1992)
1918 – Bob Feller, American baseball player (d. 2010)
1918 – Raimon Panikkar, Spanish theologian (d. 2010)
1918 – Elizabeth P. Hoisington, American Brigadier General (d. 2007)
1918 – Russell B. Long, American politician (d. 2003)
1918 – Dean Riesner, American film and television writer (d. 2002)
1919 – Jesús Blasco, Spanish comic book author (d. 1995)
1919 – Ludovic Kennedy, British broadcaster and political activist (d. 2009)
1920 – Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian writer (d. 1993)
1921 – Charles Bronson, American actor (d. 2003)
1922 – Dennis McDermott, Canadian trade unionist (d. 2003)
1923 – Tomás Ó Fiaich, Irish cardinal (d. 1990)
1923 – Yamaguchi Hitomi, Japanese novelist and essayst (d. 1995)
1924 – Samuel Ruiz García, Mexican Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2011)
1926 – Valdas Adamkus, Lithuanian politician, former President
1926 – Maurice Couture, French-Canadian Roman Catholic archbishop
1927 – Harrison McCain, Canadian businessman (McCain Foods) (d. 2004)
1928 – Osamu Tezuka, Japanese manga artist (d. 1989)
1928 – Goseki Kojima, Japanese manga artist (d. 2000)
1929 – Alfonso Orueta, Chilean politician (d. 2012)
1930 – D. James Kennedy, American theologian (d. 2007)
1930 – Peggy McCay, American actress
1930 – Brian Robinson, British cyclist
1930 – Tsutomu Seki, Japanese astronomer
1930 – Lois Smith, American actress
1930 – Frits Staal, Dutch philosopher and scholar (d. 2012)
1931 – Yon Hyong-muk, North Korean politician (d. 2005)
1931 – Monica Vitti, Italian actress
1931 – Michael Fu Tieshan, Chinese bishop (d. 2007)
1933 – Ken Berry, American actor
1933 – John Barry, English composer (d. 2011)
1933 – Jeremy Brett, English actor (d. 1995)
1933 – Aneta Corsaut, American actress (d. 1995)
1933 – Michael Dukakis, American politician
1933 – Amartya Sen, Indian economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1934 – Hans Janmaat, Dutch politician (d. 2002)
1936 – Roy Emerson, Australian tennis player
1937 – Dietrich Möller, German politician
1938 – Takao Saito, Japanese manga artist
1938 – Martin Dunwoody, British mathematician
1938 – Akira Kobayashi, Japanese singer
1938 – Jean Rollin, French director and screenwriter
1942 – Martin Cruz Smith, American novelist
1943 – Bert Jansch, Scottish folk musician (d. 2011)
1944 – Jan Boerstoel, Dutch writer and poet
1945 – Ken Holtzman, American baseball player and manager
1945 – Gerd Müller, German footballer
1946 – Tom Savini, American actor
1946 – Wataru Takeshita, Japanese politician
1947 – Mazie Hirono, American politician
1947 – Faraj Sarkohi, Iranian dissident journalist
1948 – Takashi Kawamura, Japanese politician
1948 – Helmuth Koinigg, Austrian racing driver (d. 1974)
1948 – Rick Kreuger, American baseball player
1948 – Lulu, British actress and singer
1948 – Rainer Zobel, German footballer
1949 – Mike Evans, American actor (d. 2006)
1949 – Osamu Fujimura, Japanese politician
1949 – Larry Holmes, American boxer
1949 – Anna Wintour, English-born American magazine editor
1950 – Joe Queenan, American writer
1950 – Massimo Mongai, Italian writer
1951 – Ed Murawinski, American cartoonist
1951 – Dwight Evans, American baseball player
1951 – André Wetzel, Dutch footballer, manager and technical director
1952 – Roseanne Barr, American actress and comedian
1952 – Jim Cummings, American voice actor
1952 – David Ho, Taiwanese-American AIDS researcher
1953 – Kate Capshaw, American actress
1953 – Helios Creed, American musician (Chrome)
1953 – Larry Herndon, American baseball player
1953 – Dennis Miller, American comedian
1954 – Adam Ant, English singer
1955 – Teresa De Sio, Italian singer-songwriter
1955 – Phil Simms, American football player
1956 – Kevin Murphy, American actor and puppeteer
1956 – Gary Ross, American film director
1956 – Bob Welch, American baseball player
1957 – Dolph Lundgren, Swedish actor
1957 – Gary Olsen, British actor (d. 2000)
1959 – Hal Hartley, American film director and writer
1960 – Karch Kiraly, American volleyball player
1962 – Gabe Newell, co-founder of Valve Corporation
1962 – David J. Schiappa, American politician
1962 – Jacqui Smith, British politician
1963 – Ian Wright, English footballer
1963 – Shigeaki Hattori, Japanese racing driver
1964 – Paprika Steen, Danish actress
1965 – Gert Heerkes, Dutch footballcoach
1965 – Jenny Packham, English fashion designer
1965 – Ann Scott, French novelist
1967 – John Tomac, American cyclist
1967 – Steven Wilson, English musician (Porcupine Tree)
1967 – Mike O'Neill, Canadian hockey player
1968 – Paul Quantrill, Canadian baseball player
1969 – Robert Miles, Swiss record producer and musician
1969 – Niels van Steenis, Dutch rower
1969 – Tommy Tiernan, Irish comedian
1970 – Geir Frigård, Norwegian footballer
1971 – Dylan Moran, Irish comedian
1971 – Diego Alessi, Italian race car driver
1971 – Dwight Yorke, Trinidad and Tobago footballer
1972 – Ugo Ehiogu, English footballer
1972 – Michael Hofmann, German footballer
1972 – Marko Koers, Dutch athlete
1973 – Kirk Jones, American musician
1973 – Nemone, British athlete and broadcaster
1973 – Mick Thomson, American guitarist (Slipknot)
1973 – Ben Fogle, TV personality, writer and broadcaster
1974 – Tariq Abdul-Wahad, French basketball player
1974 – Sonali Kulkarni, Indian actress
1975 – Darren Sharper, American football player
1976 – Toko Aoyama, Japanese voice actress
1976 – Guillermo Franco, Argentine/Mexican footballer
1976 – Jake Shimabukuro, American ukulele player
1977 – Aria Giovanni, American model
1977 – Marcel Ketelaer, German footballer
1977 – Sean Ringgold, American actor
1978 – Hiroko Sakai, Japanese softball player
1978 – Koshiro Take, Japanese jockey
1978 – Julia Taylor, European pornographic actress
1978 – Tim McIlrath, American musician (Rise Against)
1979 – Pablo Aimar, Argentine footballer
1979 – Beau McDonald, Australian rules footballer
1981 – Sten Pentus, Estonian racing driver
1981 – Diego López Rodríguez, Spanish footballer
1982 – Evgeny Plushenko, Russian figure skater
1982 – Moniek Kleinsman, Dutch iceskater
1983 – Julie Marie Berman, American actress
1983 – Suzane von Richthofen, Brazilian murderess
1984 – Ryo Nishikido, Japanese idol (NEWS, Kanjani Eight)
1984 – Christian Bakkerud, Danish racing driver (d. 2011)
1985 – Tyler Hansbrough, American basketball player
1986 – Paul Derbyshire, Italian rugby player
1986 – Jermaine Jones, American singer
1986 – Heo Young Saeng, Korean singer (SS501)
1986 – Piet Velthuizen, Dutch footballer
1987 – Ariane Andrew, American professional wrestler, manager and ring announcer
1987 – Felix Schütz, German ice hockey player
1987 – Gemma Ward, Australian model
1988 – Angus McLaren, Australian actor
1989 – Paula DeAnda, American singer
1990 – Ellyse Perry, Australian footballer and cricketer
1995 – Kendall Jenner, American reality television personality and model

Deaths

361 – Constantius II, Roman Emperor (b. 317)
753 – Pirminius, German saint (b. 700)
1254 – John III Doukas Vatatzes, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1193)
1428 – Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury, English military leader (b. 1388)
1580 – Jeronimo Zurita y Castro, Spanish historian (b. 1512)
1584 – Charles Borromeo, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1538)
1600 – Richard Hooker, English theologian (b. 1554)
1639 – Martin de Porres, Peruvian Roman Catholic saint (b. 1579)
1643 – John Bainbridge, English astronomer (b. 1582)
1643 – Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (b. 1577)
1711 – John Ernest Grabe, German-born Anglican theologian (b. 1666)
1787 – Robert Lowth, British bishop and grammarian (b. 1710)
1793 – Olympe de Gouges, French feminist and revolutionary (b. 1748)
1794 – François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1715)
1858 – Harriet Taylor Mill, English feminist philosopher (b. 1807)
1869 – Andreas Kalvos, Greek poet (b. 1792)
1890 – Ulrich Ochsenbein, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1811)
1891 – Louis Lucien Bonaparte, French politician and linguist (b. 1813)
1917 – Léon Bloy, French novelist and essayist (b. 1846)
1918 – Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov, Russian scientist (b. 1857)
1926 – Annie Oakley, American sharp-shooter (b. 1860)
1927 – Karel Matej Capek-Chod, Czech journalist (b. 1860)
1929 – Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (b. 1883)
1933 – Émile Roux, French scientist (b. 1853)
1939 – Charles Tournemire, French composer and organist (b. 1870)
1949 – Solomon R. Guggenheim, American art collector and philanthropist (b. 1861)
1954 – Henri Matisse, French artist (b. 1869)
1957 – Wilhelm Reich, Austrian psychotherapist (b. 1897)
1957 – Laika, Soviet space dog (b. 1954)
1960 – Paul Willis, American actor (b. 1901)
1962 – Antonius van Loon, Dutch tug of war competitor (b. 1888)
1962 – L.O. Wenckebach, Dutch sculptor, painter, and medallist(b. 1895)
1964 – John Henry Barbee, American guitarist and singer (b. 1905)
1970 – Peter II of Yugoslavia (b. 1923)
1973 – Marc Allégret, French director and screenwriter (b. 1900)
1975 – Syed Nazrul Islam, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1925)
1975 – A. H. M. Qamaruzzaman, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1926)
1975 – Tajuddin Ahmad, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1925)
1975 – Muhammad Mansur Ali, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1919)
1983 – Alfredo Antonini, American conductor and composer (b. 1901)
1987 – Mary Shane, American sportscaster (b. 1945)
1988 – Henri van Praag, Dutch educator, philosopher and theologian (b. 1916)
1990 – Mary Martin, American actress (b. 1913)
1991 – Mort Shuman, American singer and songwriter (b. 1936)
1991 – Chris Bender American R&B singer (b. 1972)
1993 – Leon Theremin, Russian inventor (b. 1895)
1994 – Alvin Andreas Herborg Nielsen, American physicist (b. 1910)
1995 – Gordon S. Fahrni, Canadian physician (b. 1887)
1995 – John Orchard, British actor (b. 1928)
1996 – Abdullah Çatli, Turkish nationalist and activist (b. 1956)
1996 – Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (b. 1921)
1998 – Bob Kane, comic artist and Batman co-creator (b. 1915)
1999 – Ian Bannen, Scottish actor (b. 1928)
2001 – Ernst Gombrich, Austrian art historian (b. 1909)
2002 – Lonnie Donegan, Scottish musician (b. 1931)
2002 – Jonathan Harris, American actor (b. 1914)
2003 – Rasul Gamzatov, Russian poet (b. 1923)
2004 – Sergei Zholtok, Latvian hockey player (b. 1972)
2006 – Paul Mauriat, French musician (b. 1925)
2006 – Alberto Spencer, Ecuadorean footballer (b. 1937)
2006 – Marie Rudisill, American author (b. 1911)
2007 – Martin Meehan, Irish republican (b. 1945)
2007 – Aleksandr Dedyushko, Russian actor (b. 1962)
2007 – Ryan Shay, American runner (b. 1979)
2008 – Jean Fournet, French conductor (b. 1913)
2009 – Francisco Ayala, Spanish novelist (b. 1906)
2009 – Archie Baird, Scottish footballer (b. 1919)
2009 – Carl Ballantine, American magician and entertainer (b. 1917)
2010 – Viktor Chernomyrdin, Russian politician (b. 1938)
2010 – Jerry Bock, American musical theatre composer (b. 1928)
2010 – Jim Clench, Canadian bassist (April Wine and Bachman–Turner Overdrive) (b. 1949)