today.nukz.net: Almanac July 13

James Roger McGuinn (born James Joseph McGuinn III on July 13, 1942) known professionally as Roger McGuinn and previously as Jim McGuinn, is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is best known for being the lead singer and lead guitarist on many of The Byrds' records. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for his work with The Byrds.

Roger McGuinn has used the Internet to continue the folk music tradition since November 1995 by recording a different folk song each month on his Folk Den site. The songs are made available from his Web site, and a selection (with guest vocalists) was released on CD as Treasures from the Folk Den, which was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Traditional Folk Album. In November 2005, McGuinn released a four-CD box set containing one hundred of his favorite songs from the Folk Den.

Events

1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–1174, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
1260 – The Livonian Order suffers its greatest defeat in the 13th century in the Battle of Durbe against the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1558 – Battle of Gravelines: in France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul de Thermes at Gravelines.
1573 – Eighty Years' War: the Siege of Haarlem ends after seven months.
1643 – English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down – In England, Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, heavily defeats the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller.
1787 – The Continental Congress enacts the Northwest Ordinance establishing governing rules for the Northwest Territory. It also establishes procedures for the admission of new states and limits the expansion of slavery.
1793 – Journalist and French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat is assassinated in his bathtub by Charlotte Corday, a member of the opposing political faction.
1794 – The Battle of the Vosges is fought between French forces and those of Prussia and Austria.
1814 – The Carabinieri, the national gendarmerie of Italy, is established.
1830 – The General Assembly's Institution, now the Scottish Church College, one of the pioneering institutions that ushered the Bengal Renaissance, is founded by Alexander Duff and Raja Ram Mohan Roy, in Calcutta, India.
1854 – In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General José María Yáñez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
1863 – New York City draft riots: in New York, New York, opponents of conscription begin three days of rioting which will be later regarded as the worst in United States history.
1878 – Treaty of Berlin: the European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
1905 – The verdict in the six-month long Smarthavicharam trial of Kuriyedath Thathri is pronounced, leading to the excommunication of 65 men of various castes.
1919 – The British airship R34 lands in Norfolk, England, completing the first airship return journey across the Atlantic in 182 hours of flight.
1923 – The Hollywood Sign is officially dedicated in the hills above Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. It originally reads "Hollywoodland " but the four last letters are dropped after renovation in 1949.
1941 – World War II: Montenegrins begin a popular uprising against the Axis powers (Trinaestojulski ustanak), the first in Axis-controlled countries.
1962 – In an unprecedented action, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan dismisses seven members of his Cabinet, marking the effective end of the National Liberals as a distinct force within British politics.
1973 – Alexander Butterfield reveals the existence of the "Nixon tapes" to the special Senate committee investigating the Watergate break in.
1977 – New York, New York, amidst a period of financial and social turmoil experiences an electrical blackout lasting nearly 24 hours that leads to widespread fires and looting.
1985 – The Live Aid benefit concert takes place in London, England, United Kingdom and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as well as other venues such as Sydney, Australia and Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union.
1985 – Vice President George Bush becomes the Acting President for the day when President Ronald Reagan undergoes surgery to remove polyps from his colon.
1990 – An earthquake with its epicenter in Afghanistan results in the greatest number of fatalities in a mountaineering accident in High Asian mountains when an avalanche kills 43 climbers in Camp I on Pik Lenina (Lenin Peak).
2003 – French DGSE personnel abort an operation to rescue Íngrid Betancourt from FARC rebels in Colombia, causing a political scandal when details are leaked to the press.
2011 – Mumbai is rocked by three bomb blasts during the evening rush hour, killing 26 and injuring 130.

Births

1527 – John Dee, English scientist (d. 1609)
1579 – Arthur Dee, English physician (d. 1651)
1590 – Pope Clement X (d. 1676)
1607 – Václav Hollar, Bohemian-born English etcher (d. 1677)
1608 – Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1657)
1745 – Robert Calder, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1818)
1760 – István Pauli (Pável) Hungarian Slovene priest and writer (d. 1829)
1770 – Alexander Balashov, Russian general (d. 1837)
1776 – Caroline of Baden, consort of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria (d. 1841)
1793 – John Clare, English poet (d. 1864)
1798 – Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia), German-born consort of Nicholas I of Russia (d. 1860)
1821 – Nathan Bedford Forrest, American Confederate cavalry officer (d. 1877)
1841 – Otto Wagner, Austrian architect (d. 1918)
1858 – Stewart Culin, American ethnographer (d. 1929)
1859 – Sidney Webb, British socialist (d. 1947)
1864 – John Jacob Astor IV, American entrepreneur (d. 1912)
1889 – Louise Mountbatten, German-born consort of Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1965)
1894 – Isaak Babel, Soviet writer (d. 1940)
1895 – Sidney Blackmer, American actor (d. 1973)
1896 – Mordecai Ardon, Israeli painter (d. 1992)
1898 – Julius Schreck, German Nazi party official (d. 1936)
1900 – George Lewis, American jazz clarinetist (d. 1969)
1901 – Eric Portman, English stage and film actor (d. 1969)
1903 – Kenneth Clark, English art historian (d. 1983)
1905 – Alfredo M. Santos, Filipino military leader (d. 1990)
1910 – Loren Pope, American writer (d. 2008)
1913 – Dave Garroway, American television host (d. 1982)
1913 – Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller, Danish shipping magnate (d. 2012)
1918 – Alberto Ascari, Italian race car driver (d. 1955)
1918 – Marcia Brown, American author and illustrator
1920 – Bill Towers, English footballer (d. 2000)
1921 – Git Gay, Swedish actress and singer (d. 2007)
1921 – Ernest Gold, Austrian composer (d. 1999)
1921 – Friedrich Peter, Austrian politician (d. 2005)
1922 – Ken Mosdell, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2006)
1922 – Anker Jørgensen, Danish politician, 16th Prime Minister of Denmark
1922 – Leslie Brooks, American actress (d. 2011)
1924 – Carlo Bergonzi, Italian tenor
1924 – Michel Constantin, French film actor (d. 2003)
1924 – Johnny Gilbert, American game show announcer
1927 – Simone Veil, French politician
1928 – Tommaso Buscetta, Sicilian mafioso and pentito (d. 2000)
1928 – Bob Crane, American actor (d. 1978)
1928 – Sven Davidson, Swedish tennis player (d. 2008)
1928 – Leroy Vinnegar, American jazz bassist (d. 1999)
1929 – Sofia Muratova, Soviet gymnast (d. 2006)
1930 – Naomi Shemer, Israeli songwriter (d. 2004)
1931 – Frank Ramsey, American basketball player
1932 – Hubert Reeves, Canadian astrophysicist
1933 – Patsy Byrne, English actress
1934 – Wole Soyinka, Nigerian writer, Nobel laureate
1934 – Aleksei Yeliseyev, Soviet cosmonaut
1934 – Gordon Lee, English footballer and manager
1935 – Jack Kemp, American football player and politician (d. 2009)
1935 – Kurt Westergaard, Danish cartoonist
1936 – Albert Ayler, American jazz saxophonist and singer (d. 1970)
1940 – Patrick Stewart, English actor
1941 – Robert Forster, American actor
1941 – Ehud Manor, Israeli songwriter, translator, and radio and TV personality (d. 2005)
1941 – Jacques Perrin, French actor and filmmaker
1942 – Harrison Ford, American actor
1942 – Roger McGuinn, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Byrds)
1944 – Erno Rubik, Hungarian inventor
1946 – Cheech Marin, American actor
1948 – Catherine Breillat, French director and screenwriter
1948 – Tony Kornheiser, American sports journalist
1948 – Daphne Maxwell Reid, American actress
1950 – George Nelson, American astronaut
1950 – Ma Ying-jeou, Taiwanese politician and statesman
1951 – Rob Bishop, American politician
1951 – Didi Conn, American actress
1953 – Mila Mulroney, Yugoslavian-born former First Lady of Canada
1954 – Sezen Aksu, Turkish singer
1954 – Rick Chartraw, American ice hockey player
1954 – Louise Mandrell, American country music singer
1954 – David Thompson, American basketball player
1956 – Claude Giroux, Canadian midget wrestler
1956 – Michael Spinks, American boxer
1956 – Frank Dux, American martial artist and fight choreographer
1957 – Thierry Boutsen, Belgian racing driver
1957 – Cameron Crowe, American film director
1957 – Jane Hamilton, American novelist
1957 – Phil Margera, American TV personality
1959 – Richard Leman, English field hockey player
1960 – Ian Hislop, British writer and editor
1960 – Robert Abraham, American football player
1961 – Stelios Manolas, Greek footballer and manager
1961 – Tim Watson, Australian rules footballer
1962 – Tom Kenny, American voice actor
1962 – Rhonda Vincent, American singer
1963 – Neal Foulds, English snooker player
1963 – Spud Webb, American basketball player
1965 – Lesli Kay, American actress
1965 – Eileen Ivers, Irish-American fiddler
1966 – Gerald Levert, American R&B singer (d. 2006)
1966 – Natalia Luis-Bassa, Venezuelan conductor
1966 – Gil Birmingham, American actor
1967 – Benny Benassi, Italian disc jockey
1967 – Dean Barnett, American blogger (d. 2008)
1968 – Robert Gant, American actor
1968 – Christian Taylor, British screenwriter
1969 – Barney Greenway, British vocalist (Napalm Death)
1969 – Ken Jeong, American actor
1969 – Kakhi Kakhiashvili, Georgian-born Greek weightlifter
1969 – Oleg Serebrian, Moldovan politician and political scientist
1970 – Barry Pinches, English snooker player
1972 – Sean Waltman, American professional wrestler
1973 – Ariel Zárate, Argentine footballer
1974 – Deborah Cox, Canadian R&B singer
1974 – Jarno Trulli, Italian race car driver
1975 – Danni Boatwright, American model, sportscaster, and reality show contestant
1975 – Mariada Pieridi, Greek pop singer
1976 – Al Santos, American model and actor
1976 – Sheldon Souray, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Ashley Scott, American actress
1978 – Ryan Ludwick, American baseball player
1978 – Prodromos Nikolaidis, Greek basketball player
1979 – Craig Bellamy, Welsh footballer
1979 – Libuše Prušová, Czech tennis player
1979 – Lucinda Ruh, Swiss figure skater
1981 – Ágnes Kovács, Hungarian swimmer
1981 – Mirco Lorenzetto, Italian cyclist
1981 – Ineta Radevica, Latvian athlete
1982 – Christopher Bauman, American professional wrestler (d. 2005)
1982 – Joost van den Broek, Dutch keyboard player (After Forever)
1982 – Shin-Soo Choo, South Korean baseball player
1982 – Simon Clist, English footballer
1982 – Yadier Molina, Puerto Rican baseball player
1982 – Dominic Isaacs, South African footballer
1982 – Nick Kenny, Australian Rugby League player
1983 – Kristof Beyens, Belgian sprinter
1983 – Liu Xiang, Chinese hurdler
1983 – Marco Pomante, Italian footballer
1984 – Ida Maria, Norwegian singer
1985 – Guillermo Ochoa, Mexican footballer
1987 – Tulisa Contostavlos, British singer (N-Dubz)
1988 – Steven R. McQueen, American actor
1988 – Marcos Paulo, Brazilian footballer
1988 – Colton Haynes, American actor
1989 – Charis Giannopoulos, Greek basketball player
1989 – Sayumi Michishige, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
1990 – Matt Weinberg, American actor
1990 – Eduardo Salvio, Argentine footballer
1992 – Dylan Patton, American actor
1992 – Elise Matthysen, Belgian swimmer
1994 – Hayley Erin, American actress
1994 – Ridge Canipe, American actor
1997 – Leo Howard, American actor

Deaths

574 – Pope John III (birth year unknown)
678 – Aisha, wife of the Prophet Muhammad (birth year unknown)
939 – Pope Leo VII (birth year unknown)
1024 – Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 973)
1189 – Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony, English-born daughter of Henry II of England and wife of Henry the Lion Duke of Saxony and Bavaria (b. 1156)
1205 – Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury and Justicier of England (b. c. 1160)
1357 – Bartolus de Saxoferrato Italian jurist (b. 1313)
1399 – Peter Parler, German architect (b. 1330)
1402 – Jianwen Emperor of China (b. 1377)
1551 – John Wallop, English soldier and diplomat (b. 1490)
1621 – Archduke Albert of Austria, Governor of the Low Countries (b. 1559)
1626 – Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester, English statesman (b. 1563)
1628 – Robert Shirley, English adventurer (b. 1581)
1629 – Caspar Bartholin the Elder, Swedish physician and theologian (b. 1585)
1683 – Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (b. 1631)
1693 – Hendrik Trajectinus, Count of Solms, Dutch lieutenant-general (b. 1636)
1705 – Titus Oates, English Protestant conspirator (b. 1649)
1755 – Edward Braddock, British general (b. 1695)
1760 – Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Native Americans (b. 1696)
1761 – Tokugawa Ieshige, Japanese shogun (b. 1712)
1762 – James Bradley, English Astronomer Royal (b. 1693)
1789 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (b. 1715)
1793 – Jean-Paul Marat, French revolutionary (b. 1743)
1807 – Henry Benedict Stuart, Italy-born Jacobite claimant to the throne of England (b. 1725)
1882 – Johnny Ringo, American gunfighter (b. 1850)
1889 – Robert Hamerling, Austrian poet (b. 1830)
1890 – John C. Frémont, American Army officer, explorer and presidential candidate (b. 1813)
1896 – Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz, German chemist (b. 1829)
1921 – Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg scientist (b. 1845)
1922 – Martin Dies, Sr., American politician (b. 1870)
1945 – Alla Nazimova, Ukrainian-born actress, scriptwriter, and producer (b. 1879)
1946 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (b. 1864)
1951 – Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian composer (b. 1874)
1954 – Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter (b. 1907)
1955 – Ruth Ellis, British murderer, last woman to be executed in the United Kingdom (b. 1926)
1960 – Joy Gresham, American writer (b. 1915)
1965 – Photios Kontoglou, Greek writer, painter and iconographer (b. 1895)
1967 – Tom Simpson, British cyclist (b. 1937)
1967 – Tommy Lucchese, Sicilian-American mobster (b. 1899)
1973 – Willy Fritsch, German film actor (b. 1901)
1974 – Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, English physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1897)
1976 – Frederick Hawksworth, English GWR chief mechanical engineer (b. 1884)
1976 – Joachim Peiper, German military leader (SS) (b. 1915)
1979 – Ludwig Merwart, Austrian painter and graphic artist (b. 1913)
1980 – Seretse Khama, Botswana statesman, the first President of Botswana (b. 1921)
1983 – Gabrielle Roy, Canadian author (b. 1909)
1993 – Davey Allison, American race car driver (b. 1961)
1995 – Godtfred Kirk Christiansen, Danish toy manufacturer (The Lego Group) (b. 1920)
1996 – Pandro S. Berman, American film producer (b. 1905)
1997 – Miguel Ángel Blanco, Spanish politician (b. 1968)
1999 – Konstantinos Kollias, Greek Attorney General, Prime Minister of the military junta (b. 1901)
2002 – Yousuf Karsh, Turkish-born Armenian photographer (b. 1908)
2003 – Compay Segundo, Cuban trova guitarist and singer (b. 1907)
2004 – Arthur Kane, American bassist (New York Dolls) (b. 1949)
2004 – Carlos Kleiber, Austrian conductor (b. 1930)
2006 – Michael Busselle, English photographer and writer (b. 1935)
2006 – Red Buttons, American comedian (b. 1919)
2007 – Michael Reardon, American free climber (b. 1965)
2008 – Bronislaw Geremek, Polish social historian and politician (b. 1932)
2010 – Manohari Singh, Indian saxophonist and part of R.D. Burman's band (b. 1931)
2010 – George Steinbrenner, American businessman and owner of the New York Yankees (b. 1930)
2011 – Allan Jeans, Australian football player and coach (b. 1933)